Installing linux on a computer with windows 10. Recovery via terminal

18.04.2019 news

The long-standing rivalry between Windows and Linux has spawned two completely irreconcilable camps for these operating systems. Indeed, both systems have enough advantages and disadvantages. Not all users are able to compare them, since most of them use computers with preinstalled Windows... Another part of users is confused by an unfamiliar operating system and it seems to them easier time from time to time to look for pirate keys in the Internet, than to face the installation of a new, even free system. In fact, few of them realize that installing Linux is no more difficult than Windows, and moreover, it is possible to use them together on the same computer without any additional complications.

Before starting the installation, you must select Linux distribution.

Choosing a Linux distribution

Linux is the core of the operating system using the capabilities and development of the operating system Unix systems... Linux is open source software. This property was the main catalyst for the development of the platform's popularity.

In its pure form, the Linux kernel is rarely used and often serves as the basis for creating distributions that have different names and capabilities, depending on the purpose of their use. A distribution is a Linux kernel and applications that define its functionality.

Preparing the disc

First of all, you need to make a backup copy of Windows... This will avoid unexpected hassles when making changes to the disk structure. To do this, you need to use the Windows Control Panel

Using the control panel, you can also create a point for Windows recovery... The whole important information(work files, music and video) it is better to copy to external media.

Insofar as it comes about how to install Linux nearby with Windows10 (or any other modern version Windows), you will need to make changes to the structure of the system disk partitions. This allows you to organize the contents of the filesystem by providing additional protection valuable user information in the event of a system reinstallation, for example.

For the best Linux experience, it is best to use multiple partitions: system, user, and swap.

To allocate space for new disk partitions, open the Disk Management snap-in. To do this, in the "Explorer" you need to click right click mouse on the "This PC" icon. In the menu that opens, select "Computer Management"

Then in the window that opens, you need to select "Storage devices" and "Disk management". In the list of disks below, select drive C, and by clicking on the partition that will allocate space for Linux, right-click the menu item "Shrink Volume"

A dialog box will pop up, which will allow you to determine the size of the reclaimed space

by pressing the "Compress" button. At this point, the preparation of the disk for installing Linux is complete. Now you need to proceed to preparing the USB drive with the distribution kit.

Preparing a USB stick

You will need at least 1.5GB of storage to install Ubuntu 16.04. 3. Other distributions will likely have different capacities. In process bootable USB disk all data on it will be erased. This must be taken into account if there are important files on the drive.

After downloading the Ubuntu 16.04.3 ISO image from the official site, you need to transfer it to the installation drive using, for example, unetbootin for Windows. After starting this application, a window will open

in which you will be prompted to select a distribution image and a drive where the image will be transferred. Confirmation of the start of recording is carried out using the "OK" button. After completing the preparation of the drive, you need to go to the BIOS setup of the computer on which Linux will be installed.

BIOS setup

To configure the BIOS, you need to restart the computer, and after the new start has begun, you must enter the BIOS by pressing the key indicated in start screen launch (F2, Del or other). After entering the BIOS, you need to select the option to boot from a USB drive. It will look something like this:

After that, you need to make sure that the prepared drive with the distribution image is located in the appropriate USB connector and proceed directly to the installation process.

Installing Linux (Ubuntu as an example). A little more work on the disc

If all preparation was successful, then after reboot starts boot disk and after a while the screen with different options Linux work. You need to select the option - "Download without installation", since there is a need to conduct additional procedures with disk partitions. Once Ubuntu is booted, you need to enter Gpart in the search box and then open the "Gparted partition editor" application, which can manage disks.

In the window that opens, there is a list of disks, indicating their current parameters. If Windows 10 is already installed on the computer, then it will occupy the first partition of the disk. The next section will be for installing Linux. For drive C, this will look like / dev / sda1 and / dev / sda2, respectively. The sda2 designation means that:

the first letter is this SATA drive, SCSI or USB (hda2 for IDE);
the second letter is a disk;
the third is the ordinal letter of the physical disk;
digit - section number.

Similar to disk management in Windows, you need to allocate 10 GB from this space to accommodate the system partition in this space. This is done using the "Resize / Move" menu option. In the newly appeared section, you need to select one more section, leaving space in it for a partition with swap and hibernation files in a volume equal to random access memory computer. If hibernation mode is not planned, then the volume of this section can be halved. The remaining space will be used for the section with user data.

The result of working with the disk will be three partitions for Linux:

/ dev / sda2 - system;
/ dev / sda3 - swap file;
/ dev / sda4 - home.

To complete the procedure, select “Apply All Operations” in the “Edit” menu.

To avoid damage to the installed Windows, do not perform any operations on the / dev / sda1 partition at this stage.

After completing operations with the disk and its partitions, you need to restart the computer again and select the desired boot option in the Ubuntu screen that appears. After selecting the system installation, a dialog will appear, which will check the network connection and offer to install third-party device drivers, after which several installation options will be offered:

"Install Ubuntu is near with Windows 10 "allows you to exclude the work of creating additional partitions. The system will do it on its own.
Erase Disk and Install Ubuntu
"Another option" - a detailed installation option is offered.

The further scenario depends on the choice of these options, but leads to the appearance of a window in which it is necessary to specify user data: name and password, which are very important and must be remembered or written down. Next, the installation wizard will offer to transfer the settings to Ubuntu from Windows credentials.

The next window of the installation wizard prompts you to make some additional settings and start the installation. To do this, you must select the "Install" button. This will serve as the beginning for copying the system files to disk and creating the system. This will take some time, and as a result the following dialog box will appear prompting you to restart your computer. Pressing the "Restart" button makes a final reboot, after which you can start working with the installed Linux.

Installing Linux alongside Windows 10 UEFI

UEFI (Unified Extensible Firmware Interface) - new technology, which is the interface between installed operating systems and BIOS. It involves the creation of an additional partition on the disk that controls the startup script of the computer. And the presence of Windows 10 installed on the computer suggests that such a partition most likely exists and at the time of installation, you should select this partition in order to install the bootloader there.

Boot Linux

After the installation is complete and rebooted, home screen, and because Grub finds the Windows bootloader automatically, it provides several boot options that can be selected from the keyboard using the arrow keys and the Enter key:

Ubuntu with automatic download unless another option is chosen;
Recovery mode for Ubuntu;
memory test;
Windows.

Ubuntu 16.10 was released with nine months of support until July 2017, and Ubuntu 16.04 was released to Canonical's will with 5 year lifecycle support.

This tutorial will show you how you can install Ubuntu 16.10 and 16.04 with an alternative download Microsoft OS on devices with Windows 10 preinstalled.

It is assumed that your computer is preinstalled with Windows 10 or higher old version Microsoft Windows Windows type 8.1 or 8.

In case your hardware uses UEFI, you will need to change EFI settings and disable the "Secure Boot" feature.

If your computer has not yet installed the OS, and you plan to use Windows on a par with Ubuntu 16.04 / 16.10, then you should first install Microsoft Windows and only then install Ubuntu 16.04.

In this particular case, when installing Windows, when asked to format the disk, you will need to allocate approximately 20 gigabytes of free space on your hard disk in order to later use it as an installation location for Ubuntu.

Requirements

Download Ubuntu 16.04 and Ubuntu 16.10 ISO image suitable for your system from these links:

Step 1: prepare your Windows computer for dual boot

1. The first thing you need is to take care of free space on the hard disk of the computer, if the system is installed on one partition.

Go to Windows from under the administrator and right-click on Start Menu -> Command Prompt (Admin) to get into the command line interpreter.

2. As soon as you find yourself in IKS, enter diskmgm.msc in the line. After launching it, the "Disk Management" utility should open. Here right click on partition C: and select "Shrink Volume" to resize the partition.

C: \ Windows \ system32> diskmgmt.msc

3.In order to compress C: enter (in megabytes) the volume (you need to allocate at least 20,000 MB, depending on the size section C:), and click on "Shrink". This will start compressing the partition as shown below (the compression size in the figure below is much smaller and is for demonstration purposes only).

Once the process is complete, you will see a new unallocated space on your hard drive. Set everything to default and restart your computer to begin installing Ubuntu 16.04.

Step 2: Install Ubuntu 16.04 alongside Windows. Alternative download

4. Now it's time to install Ubuntu 16.04. Follow the link indicated in the description of the article and download Ubuntu image Desktop 16.04 ISO.

Burn the image to DVD or create a bootable USB stick using utilities such as Universal USB Installer (BIOS compatible) or Rufus (UEFI compatible).

Insert USB stick or DVD to the appropriate drive, restart your computer and instruct BIOS / UEFI to boot from DVD / USB. Do this by pressing the preset keys (usually F12, F10 or F2 - it depends on the manufacturer).

As soon as the storage medium starts, the system bootloader appears. Select "Install Ubuntu" from the menu and press "Enter" to continue.

5.After the storage medium has finished loading into RAM, you will have completely working version Ubuntu.

In the launcher select the icon on top "Install Ubuntu 16.04 LTS" ("Install Ubuntu 16.06 LTS"), after which the installation will begin. Select the installation language and click on "Continue".

7. It's time to choose the type of installation. You can select the Ubuntu install option next to Windows Boot Manager - This option will automatically take care of the split steps.

Use this option unless you need a custom partitioning scheme. If you need it, select the "Something else" option and click on "Continue".

If you want to alternative boot then the "Erase disk" option should be avoided as it is potentially dangerous and can completely erase everything from the disk.

8. In this step, we will create our own partition layer for Ubuntu 16.10. In this guide, we recommend creating two partitions - one for root, one for home, and not one for swap (use the swap partition only if you have limited RAM resources or you are using a fast SSD).

To create the first root partition, select a location (previously allocated through Windows) and click on the + icon below. Use the following indicators in the section settings and click "OK":

"Size" = at least 20,000 MB
"Location for the new partition" = "Beginning"
"Mount point" = /

Create a home partition just like the previous one. Use all the remaining memory. Use the following indicators in the section settings:

"Size" = all remaining memory
"Type for the new partition" = "Primary"
"Location for the new partition" = Beginning
"Use as" = "EXT4 journaling file system"
"Mount point" = / home

A window should appear with information about the swap space. Ignore the message by clicking the "Continue" button.

The next window will ask your consent to make the changes. Click "Continue" to make changes and see the beginning of the installation.

10.On the next screen, specify the physical location of the computer by choosing a city from the drop-down list. Whenever you can, click on "Continue".

11.Now you have to select the keyboard layout and click on "Continue".

12.Enter the username and password for your sudo administrator account, your computer name. After we press "next" ("Continue").

This is all you need to do to customize your Ubuntu 16.04 installation. From here, the installation will take place in automatic mode until the end.

13.After the installation process is complete click on "Restart now".

After rebooting the computer, you will be prompted to choose from two systems: Ubuntu 16.04 and Microsoft Windows.

Ubuntu is listed as the preferred OS to run. So press Enter or wait 10 seconds.

14.After Ubuntu boots, log in with the IDs provided during installation and enjoy. Ubuntu 16.04 automatically supports NTFS, so you can access files from your Windows partition.

That's all! In case you need to switch to Windows again, just restart your computer and choose Windows from the system bootloader.

Linux Ubuntu Is a software product supported by the global user community for desktops and servers, which can be created and improved by anyone who wants to support the project. These are not only programmers, but also designers, artists, translators.

Linux and Windows 10 operating systems get along well on the same computer, however there are a few subtleties you need to know before installing.

The operating systems use different file systems, so you won't be able to install them in the same partition just like that.
It is easiest to install Linux after Windows, this is due to the simpler setup universal loader free distribution system.

Installation of various operating systems may be associated with a desire to try an unknown software product, because OSs of the * nix family are mostly free for the user. Managing them is slightly different from configuring systems from Microsoft, so many would like to try out the new product before installing it on a computer.

It may happen that the presence of both systems on the PC is required, for example, if you have to use programs that exist only for one of the OS. Nobody bothers, of course, to use virtual machines, but this is not always possible and not all software works correctly in them.

Download Linux and create installation media

Ubuntu can be downloaded from the official sites, there are resources of fans of this particular OS, which can also provide download links. Main site - http://ubuntu.com/

Both Ubuntu 16.04 and newer versions are available for download.

There are several versions of Ubuntu:

Besides Ubuntu, there are other systems:

Kubuntu is a sister OS to Ubuntu, with a working KDE table and a typical set of programs;
Arch is a system for advanced users, thanks to its simplicity and flexibility, it allows you to fine-tune its operation for a specific PC configuration, but its use is associated with editing text configuration files and constant access to command line that will not suit many;
Mint is an analogue of Ubuntu with similar system requirements, but with large quantity components;
Kali is a distribution kit designed to analyze network and general computer security PC;
Rosa is a domestic assembly.

After downloading the required iso image, you can do this:

Important! To download the required version, you may need information about the amount of RAM installed in the PC. If it is less than 4 GB, it is better to install 32-bit, and if 4 GB or more, then 64-bit.

Partitioning a hard drive in Windows

Preparing for installation

It is imperative to provide for the availability of free partitions for installing a new OS. It should be a logical drive with no sensitive data. You need to, while in Windows, free up space by moving data to other partitions.

Step 1. Windows 10 has built-in tools: press the combination "Win + R" and in the window that opens, specify the command: diskmgmt.msc. It is a hard disk partitioning program.

Advice! Although the disk can be partitioned during the installation process, but inexperienced user can get confused in the drive designations that are accepted in * nix systems, so it's better to do it for the first time in familiar conditions.

Step 2. You should select the logical disk in which Linux will be located, move the pointer over it and open the menu with the right mouse button and select the "Shrink Volume" item.

Step 3. In the window that appears, select how much memory you want to compress. Better to allocate about 10 GB.

Now an area with a black stripe will appear on the diagram, where the installation will be carried out.

Preparing VirtualBox

The easiest way to get acquainted with Linux without installation is to use virtual machines that simulate in Windows environment for working with * nix systems. This is practically the same as downloading the distributions "Live", only you do not need to restart the PC, and for work, either the physical media itself or only its ISO image is suitable. A feature is that without leaving one OS, you can launch and use another, in a window or full screen mode.

The software product is free and can be downloaded from the official site https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads.

In the process of work, the software reserves part of the OS resources, so it should be borne in mind that a functioning program will somewhat reduce the system's performance.

When installing, you should agree with all the suggestions of the installer, if there is no experience in setting it up. You can change options later.
Now you need to select the "Install" item.
On suggestions to install drivers virtual devices, you should answer "Install".
At the end, the last window with the "Finish" button will be displayed, to complete the installation, you need to click it.
Now you can start creating the virtual machine.
The window will ask you to mark the type of OS and how much RAM should be allocated for its operation. It is better to indicate 40-50% of the available one. And in a new window, you need to create another virtual disk.
The type of disk is selected empirically, for a start we put VirtualBox Disk Image.
Next, we will mark the item "Fixed".
In the new window, select how much memory to allocate for installation, for Linux it is 5-10 GB. After clicking "Ok", everything necessary for the virtual machine will be created.

Now, when starting VirtualBox, you can select Linux image Ubuntu and install it according to the parameters specified earlier.

Read the detailed way to install Ubuntu in the new article -

Typical Linux installation alongside Windows 10

A typical installation is the same for all systems:

Installation

Setup, second step: enter the administrator password (ROOT) and other questions to be answered.

Attention! When partitioning your hard drive, consider the risk of losing important data. It is recommended to make backups as it will be very difficult to restore the information later.

Video - Installing Rosa Linux next to Windows

Video - Installing Ubuntu alongside Windows. (BIOS + MBR)

This installation method is the most rational, since each OS will use all the resources of the PC, as opposed to working within a virtual machine.

While running the Linux installer, you have the option to modify existing partitions, but any important data must be moved ahead of time.

Note! Keep in mind that Windows and Linux file systems are very different, so valuable data may be lost when formatted.

Unix systems have different names for partitions and disks. For example, in Windows, the letter designation is adopted: drives C, D, E, and so on. On Linux (ext4 or earlier filesystems), specify as follows:

"/" - system root directory;
/ home - home directory;
SWAP - paging file section, sda1, sda2 and others - attached logical drives.

Therefore, when creating partitions, confusion can arise; when carrying out operations, you should be guided by the size of the partitions so as not to delete the necessary ones by mistake.

Important! To access partitions from one OS to another, you will need special utilities.

What to do if Windows 10 Update is not working: instructions and tips

Updating the system in the top ten is done automatically by default, but sometimes various errors occur.

After that, errors will be searched for and eliminated, if this was successful, then you can try to install the updates again.

Installing Windows and Linux on the same system is easy. Both OS have the right to exist and each user can operate them at the same time.

Almost every user today has heard of the free Linux operating system. The open platform for development and the availability of the system made it very popular. But if you've never used it, installing it over Windows can be reckless. It is much more convenient to install any of the versions Linux second operating system to your device.

Reasons to install Linux next to Windows 10

Windows 10 is the latest operating system from Microsoft... It is successful and versatile. Few users will be able to completely stop using it in order to install Linux. In turn, Linux has a number of advantages over other operating systems:

freedom and variety - there are many Linux assemblies and each of them is free. Downloading, installing, using and even modifying them is completely legal;
low requirements - some Linux builds will work even on very old computers. The operating system takes up little space and consumes a little RAM, which means that more resources will remain for your programs;
fewer viruses - virus programs for Linux, of course, there are, but the chance of stumbling upon them is much less than in the operating system from Microsoft. As a result, getting rid of them is easier;
Free Software - There are a lot of free software on Linux for every taste. It can be like analogs paid programs on Windows and completely new software. Find the desired program it can be very simple;
good compatibility with other systems is extremely important. Linux installs easily and works with any operating system: both Windows and Mac.

The cons, however, are also obvious:

relying on experienced users - installing Linux is not at all difficult, but some actions in the system itself require a lot of technical knowledge;
problems with the support of programs and games of other operating systems - not all games or programs support Linux, and the method of launching through wine does not always work correctly.

When you install Linux as a second operating system, you will not lose anything, and if you like it, you can completely move to it.

Installing various Linux assemblies

Since Linux is open to user development, there are many different versions this operating system.

Linux Ubuntu is a common version of the operating system that is installed with various programs. Has both "light" options and full-fledged complexes for working with media; Ubuntu is one of the most widespread versions of Linux
Kali Linux is a version of the system with a lot of emphasis on safe work;
Kali Linux is known for increased security
Linux Mint - This operating system is based on Ubuntu versions and is the development of her ideas in better side;
Mint Linux is an improved version of Ubuntu
Kubuntu is an official fork from regular version Ubuntu. Differs in a different graphical shell (KDE);
Kubuntu Linux - Ubuntu with a different graphical shell
Rosa Linux - Russian version Linux with a number own developments;
Rosa Linux - Russian assembly with a number of innovations
Arch Linux is a very lightweight and streamlined build for advanced users.
Arch Linux - build for advanced users

Each user should choose an assembly to fit their needs before proceeding directly with the installation.

Preparation before installation

Before you start installing Linux version which you have chosen, you should perform some preparatory steps with your hard disk. For starters, it's worth saving everything required files to the drive, as there is a risk of losing them during installation. Then you should partition the disk into partitions for the correct installation of the second operating system.

Partitioning a Partition Using the Disk Management System Program

You can also split the partition directly during the Linux installation. But if you do it ahead of time, you can avoid some unnecessary risks during installation.

Partitioning a Partition Using Linux Installer

Regardless of which version of Linux you are installing, you will need to partition your disk. If you did not do this before installation, then during installation it can also be done.

To do this, when choosing the type of installation, select the "Other option" item.
When installing, select the line "Another option" and click "Continue"
Startup will be performed the necessary utility... Here you can see the partitions of your hard drive. For installation, it is better to divide a partition that is not a system partition.
Linux has its own utility for working with disks, with which you can also partition a volume.
Select a non-system partition and press the "Change" button.
Select a partition with enough free space and click "Change"
Please enter a different hard disk size. It is recommended to set a value greater than 20 thousand MB, so that there is enough space both for the system and for its normal operation. All "extra" space will be cut off and become an unallocated area. Of course, it is necessary that this space is not occupied by files.
In the "Change Partition" window you can see the total amount of free disk space
Confirm the resizing by clicking OK.
In the "Edit Section" box, enter the weight of the space you want to separate and click OK
A warning about the irreversibility of the process will appear. Accept the changes again and select the "Continue" button.
Review and Confirm Changes When Partitioning on Linux
The split will be complete and you will see the line “ free place". Select it and click on the plus sign.
Select a new section and click on the plus to create a section
Fill out the section creation form. To install Linux, you will need to create a root partition, a swap partition, and a file storage partition. To create a root partition, specify a size of about 15 GB, set the partition type to "Boolean" and specify "/" in the "Mount point" line so that the partition is considered root.
Enter the required data to create the root partition and click OK
Create a swap partition in the same way, choosing the appropriate partition type. It is worth allocating space for it as much as you have RAM.
Enter the required information to create the swap partition and click OK
V last section for storing files, allocate all the space that is left. Select "/ home" as the mount point.
Enter the required information to create a home partition and click OK

Partitioning is now complete, which means you can continue with the installation.

Install Linux Ubuntu alongside Windows 10

You can download the latest version of the Linux Ubuntu system from its official website. Then follow these steps:

Write the system image to a USB flash drive. This can be done using any program convenient for you. For example, Rufus can help you. Download and run it.
Select the recording device on the top line. This can be a recordable disc or flash drive. Specify your drive in the Rufus program
Specify the partition scheme - "GPT for computers with UEFI". Select GPT as partition schema
Then click on the image icon. In the explorer that opens, specify the path to your Linux image. Click on the disk icon and select the Linux image you downloaded from the official site
Make sure the "Create bootable disk" checkbox is checked and click "Start".
After the boot disk is created, restart your computer and go to Boot Menu... Select the boot of your drive there. Select your drive type in the Boot Menu
Will appear start window to install Linux Ubuntu. Install in the left pane required language and start the installation.
Select your system language and click "Install Ubuntu"
Since the partition has already been created, select "Install Ubuntu next to Windows 10".
From all installation types, select "Install Ubuntu next to Windows 10"
Then select a section. It will be fat32 if done correctly.
Select the fat32 partition which should have enough space
If there is no partition, but there is an unallocated area, create it. To do this, in the devices tab, select Create Partition Table. Set the partition type to GPT.
In the next window, specify the size of the partition, select fat32 as the file system and enter EFI in the Label line.
Specify the weight of the section at your discretion
After selecting a partition, the installation will be fully automatic. To do this, simply select Ubuntu the next time the system boots.
After rebooting, select Ubuntu as your operating system
After installation, indicate your time zone on the map.
Set timezone in Ubuntu installation settings
Then select your language and keyboard layout.
Choose the default keyboard layout for Ubuntu
Come up with and enter the details of your new account and click "Continue".
Enter your new Ubuntu account credentials
The installation will perform the last steps and require a system reboot. Execute it.
Agree to restart your computer by clicking "Restart"

Video: Detailed Installation of Linux Ubuntu on a Computer with BIOS

Install Linux Mint next to Windows 10

To install Linux Mint, you need to do the following:

Go to the official site of this build and select the version to download. It is worth choosing based on the required options and the capacity of the system.
Download the version you want Linux Mint from the official site
Select torrent as the download method, or download the client from one of the mirrors.
Download Linux Mint using any of the methods suggested on the site
Then write the Linux Mint image to boot drive... This can be done with the help of the already familiar to you Rufus programs. Burn the Linux Mint image to your bootable media
After starting the installation, you will see a window with a countdown.
Wait for the timer to expire to begin installing Linux Mint
If you press any key, the advanced settings window will appear. It is not necessary to do this, but if you did, select the first item to start the installation. Or just wait until the time is up.
Select Start Linux Mint to login
After a short boot, you will see the desktop of the new operating system in front of you. But the installation is not complete yet. Find the Install Linux Mint file on your desktop and double-click to open it.
Run the Install Linux Mint file on your desktop
Language settings will open. Select the required language and proceed with the installation.
Choose your language for Linux Mint system
Check the box next to automatic installation software.
Check the box for installing additional programs and click "Continue"
Then select the type of installation. If you have partitioned the disk and separated the installation area beforehand, select "Install Linux Mint next to Windows 10".
To install Linux Mint along with Windows 10, select the appropriate item
After selecting the installation section, the time zone selection will open. Enter your region.
Select your region for correct setting time zone
Then select the languages for your keyboard layout.
Select the keyboard layout you want to use on the new system
Create and set your account name and password, if necessary.
Enter your login details Linux account Mint and confirm them
Wait for the installation progress to finish. Progress can be tracked using the bar at the bottom of the screen.
Wait for the end of the installation progress to access the system
Installation is complete and after restarting your computer, you can start using the operating system.
Restart your computer when prompted

Video: Install Linux Mint on a Different OS Computer

Install Kali Linux next to Windows 10

The Kali build installation is slightly different from the previous ones.

Download the image from the official build site, choosing the version that suits you.
Select the Kali Linux version to download from the official website
Write the image to the bootable media using Rufus.
After launch boot program from the USB stick you will see the installation options. Installing with graphics (Graphical install) will be the easiest, so we choose it.
Please select graphical installation for a more visual process
A list of language configurations will appear. Select the required language and confirm your choice.
Specify the language for installing Kali Linux
If a window appears about the impossibility to mount correctly installation disc, just select “Yes” after connecting the drive to another connector.
If an error occurs, install the drive with the operating system in a different slot and click "Yes"
Enter the password you have created for the main account, and then repeat it in the line below.
Enter the password twice for Kali Linux, which will be used for changes in the system
Configure the time zone to correctly sync the time on your computer.
Select the appropriate time zone from the list
The disk layout window will open. Indicate that you want to manually select a section.
Indicate that you want to select the area manually
Pick the unallocated area ("Free space") that you created earlier.
Select the unallocated area: it is labeled as "Free space"
Then select "Automatically mark up free space".
Select the item "Automatically mark free space"
In the next menu, click on the item "All files in one section".
Select "All files in one section"
Select the disk you were working with, click Finish and write changes to disk.
Select a section and click "Finish Markup ..."
The computer detects your operating room Windows system 10. Select "Yes" to select one of the operating systems when the computer boots up, and continue with the installation.
Select "Yes" to continue installation when Windows 10 is detected
Please indicate system disk manually in the next window and the installation is complete.
Manually point to the system drive to install the operating system bootloader

Video: how to install Kali Linux on a computer

Installing Kubuntu alongside Windows 10

The installation process for Kubuntu Linux is similar to installing Ubuntu, which is not surprising at all. To install Kubuntu alongside your Windows follow these steps:

Download the system from the official site and write it to the boot drive. Restart your computer, and by calling the Boot Menu by pressing F12 when the corresponding inscription appears, select desired device to start the installation.
Download the Kubuntu image from the official site
Press any key while the icon is flashing to open options.
When the keyboard icon appears, press any key
Select Start Kubuntu to start installing the OS.
Select Start Kubuntu to start installing the operating system
Wait for the graphical installation shell to load.
Wait for the download to finish graphical shell Kubuntu
In the next window, select your system language and click "Start Kubuntu". It is necessary to select this option so that the system is available for use during installation on HDD.
Select "Start Kubuntu" to access the operating system
It may take a while to load the desktop without installing
Then start the installation by clicking on the shortcut installation program.
Select the Install Kubuntu file to start the installation
The installation window will open. Select Russian to continue.
Specify the language that you want to see during the installation and in the system itself
It will check your internet connection and free space for installation. After its completion, click "Continue".
After checking the Internet, click the "Continue" button
A window for selecting a section will open. If you want to install with a different operating system, select the Manual installation. Automatic partitioning can be used if the hard disk is completely free of files.
Since you need to keep Windows 10, select the "Manual" installation type
It is necessary to create four sections in turn. The process itself is the same as creating partitions in Ubuntu. Create sections:
Once the partitions are created, confirm the changes and the installation will begin.
Accept the changes to continue with the Kubuntu installation
While the files are being copied to your hard drive, select your time zone settings.
Configure the time zone of the new operating system by selecting your region
In the next window, select the layout language.
Easy-to-understand keyboard layout helps you make sure you have the right language
In the last screen of settings, set the data from the account.
Enter the details for the new account and click "Continue"
After that, wait until the installation of the system is completed.
Wait until the Kubuntu installation process is complete
When the installation is complete, restart your computer.
Restart when prompting window appears

Installing Rosa Linux alongside Windows 10

As with other assemblies, to install Rosa Linux you need to download necessary image and burn it to media.

Go to the Boot Menu by pressing F12 after restarting your computer. Choose to boot your drive. A window will appear with various actions on diagnostics. Select the Install ROSA Desktop Fresh R6 line.
Select Install ROSA Desktop to start installation
The language selection panel will open. Install the required one and proceed with the installation.
Select your language when installing the system
Review and accept the Rosa Linux License Agreement.
Accept the terms license agreement to proceed with the installation
Please specify your keyboard layout.
Also select the language for the keyboard layout
In the next window, specify a convenient way for you to switch between layouts.
Specify the desired way to switch the language layout
Specify the time zone to correctly determine the time.
Enter your time zone in the list of regions
To finish setting the time, select the type of time display.
Select the time display method on your system
In the partition selection, select "Use free space" if you want the system to create itself required sections in an unallocated area.
Select "Use free space" when installing rosa linux
Wait for the installation to complete.
Wait for the installation to finish, the slides will change in the process
Select the section as boot device and set a boot delay if needed.
Specify the system drive for the operating system loader
Set a password for systemic changes.
Set any password you like, but remember it
Add a new user and enter his details.
Fill in the data for the account in the new operating system
Provide a name for your computer.
Set any name for your device
Check the boxes to mark the services that should start when the computer is turned on.
Customize automatic start operating system services
After the message that the installation is complete, restart your computer.
After finishing the installation of the system, you need to restart your computer
Installation is complete - all that remains is to log in.
Log in with your account password

Video: Install Rosa Linux on a Windows Computer

Installing Arch Linux next to windows 10

Installing Arch Linux will be significantly more complex than installing others. If you are not experienced user, it is recommended to select a different assembly. Otherwise, follow these steps to prepare for system installation:

Download the system image from the official site.
Download the Arch Linux build from the official site
Burn the image to disk. This can be done using special programs or Windows tools - through the context menu.
Burn Arch Linux to media in a way convenient for you
Connect the bootable drive to your computer and restart your computer. During the reboot, go to the Boot Menu, the key for this will appear on the screen (usually F12).
Press F12 to enter Boot Menu
Set the boot priority to your storage device. So, if it is a bootable disk, set boot the floppy drive before loading the hard disk.
Place your drive first in startup order
After that, when you restart your computer, you will see a selection of actions. Click on Boot Arch Linux to start the installation.
Select Boot Arch Linux
It will check for network connectivity. Enter the command "ping -c 3 www.google.com".
Enter the command to test the network before installing
Then create system partitions from free space... Use the cgdisk / dev / sda command to run this utility.
Select free space and create partitions one by one for installation
Create a root partition to write system files. It is recommended that you allocate at least 20 GB of free space for it.
From the space that is left, create a Home section. This is where your files will be stored. But it is worth leaving about 1 GB for EFI space.
Allocate the rest of the space in EFI space. Then click "Burn" to start installing Windows into the created partitions.
Then format each of the sections. To do this, use the following commands to format all three sections in sequence:
Then bind partitions to directories using the following commands:

Directly installing Arch Linux will also require you to enter the commands:

Enter the command pacstrap -i / mnt base base-devel. This will start installing the operating system. Wait for the end of this process.
Enter the command to start the installation and confirm the entry
Then enter genfstab -U -p / mnt >> / mnt / etc / fstab. This is necessary for the system to detect the partition.
Enter the command to detect partitions during installation
Enter arch-chroot / mnt / bin / bash to access the new OS.
Enter the last command to access the arch linux operating system
Set the currency format by entering nano /etc/locale.gen. Find the line with your country entry and remove the hash mark next to it. Then enter the locale-gen command and, after confirmation, the echo LANG = en_US.UTF-8> /etc/locale.conf command, where instead of en_US.UTF-8 there should be a line from which you removed the hash.
Using the above command, set the region for the currency
For adoption language settings enter export LANG = en_US.UTF-8 also with the appropriate language instead of the specified one.
Also set the language zone using the special command
The next setting is to set the time zone. Enter ls / usr / share / zoneinfo / to display the available time zones, and then enter ln -s / usr / share / zoneinfo / Zone / Subzone / etc / localtime with your region instead of Subzone.
To set the time to GMT, enter the command hwclock -systohc –-utc.
Enter the command to synchronize the operating system time to GMT
Enter the command echo myhostname> / etc / hostname, where myhostname is the name of your computer for the network.
Set a password for use by the computer using the passwd command. It can be anything, but it is important to remember it.
Set the password using the passwd command
And then all that remains is to set the system bootloader. For a modern UEFI BIOS, this is done with the commands:
With a normal BIOS, the commands will be different:
- pacman -S grub;
- grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg.
Exit the installation with the exit command and then enter Reboot to restart the computer.
Complete the installation with the exit command and restart the system with the reboot command
After restarting, enter the password to login. Installation completed.
Log in to arch linux using your password

Installing Ubuntu on VirtualBox Windows 10

Before installing the Ubuntu operating system on VirtualBox, you need to do the following:

After that, open VirtualBox and follow these steps:

Click on the icon that says New to open the New Virtual Machine Wizard.
Click on the New button of the VirtualBox panel
The name of the virtual machine can be anything, and in the Type field select Linux.
Enter any name for the virtual machine and click Next
In the next window, confirm the amount of memory for the virtual machine. Depending on the type of installation, the value will be set by itself. You can increase it as needed.
You can leave the default value if it suits you.
Make sure the marker is set to create a new virtual machine and click on the Create button.
Select to create a new virtual machine and click the Create button
Select the Dynamically allocated virtual disk type and click Next.
Set the dynamic disk size of the virtual machine
Leave the default values in the disc location and size menu, or set the required size.
The virtual machine disk value can also be left at the default
Finally, click Create again to finish creating the virtual machine.
When all the settings for the virtual disk are specified, click Create
Click on the virtual machine that you created and go to its settings.
Please select virtual machine which you created
In the Storage tab, add a new media by clicking on the blue plus icon under the media field.
Click the plus sign under the media overview
Specify your Ubuntu image that you downloaded earlier as the media.
Download the Ubuntu image to your virtual machine
Open this image with a double click so that it will be placed in the system.
After double clicking on the image, it should have loaded into the media menu
In the system settings section, make sure the CD / DVD drive is placed higher than the Hard Disk in the Boot Order section.
Specify CD / DVD as boot priority so that the image is mounted at system startup
Now go to start and configure your operating system. To do this, select a virtual machine and click on the Start button.
Click Start to start the virtual system
Wait for the system to boot up.
Wait for the system to finish loading at the first start
Select Install Ubuntu. You will be taken to the language settings window. Please select desired language and click Continue.
Select the language for installing the system in the virtual machine
Check the box to download updates during system installation.
Check the box to download updates and click Continue
Since you are installing the operating system on a virtual machine, feel free to choose the Erase option disk and install Ubuntu, which erases all other files on the disk.
Choose disk cleanup - since we are installing the system on a virtual machine, files will not be harmed
Enter data for further login
Wait until the installation of the operating system on your virtual machine is complete.
Wait for the Ubuntu installation to finish on the virtual machine
Restart your computer after the installation is complete by clicking Restart Now.
Restart the virtual machine by clicking the Restart Now button
Enter your password and sign in. Installing Ubuntu to the virtual machine is complete.
Enter your password to login

Recovering Windows 10 Boot After Installing Ubuntu

If errors occur during system installation, Windows bootloader failure may occur. This will make it impossible to start Windows 10. Fortunately, this is not difficult to fix. You will need a Windows 10 installation disc, which you can prepare just like any other bootable drive. It is important to Windows version completely coincided with the one that you have installed. Mount the image and then do the following:

Install a second operating room Linux system - good decision, but it is important to choose the assembly based on your goals and technical knowledge. If you have certain skills, you can easily install any of the assemblies. Using Linux along with Windows 10 will help you unleash the full potential of your PC.

Many users cannot come to terms with some of the limitations of games that Linux imposes, despite the fact that in Lately The development of the gaming component in Linux is receiving increased attention. However, many users want to organize dual loading, but this is becoming a rather daunting task with the release of the new Microsoft OS.

It is known that Windows is not “friendly” with Linux, in particular, it does not recognize formatted Linux disks and partitions and does not provide a boot loader that would allow you to start the system with Linux kernel for example Ubuntu. In addition, many computers now come with Windows 10 bootloader protection preinstalled.

The first thing to do before trying to install Ubuntu or another Linux distribution together with Windows 10 is to open the BIOS / UEFI menu of the computer and disable the Secure Boot option.

Windows 10 disk partitioning

Before installing Ubuntu, you need to partition your Windows 10 disk. At this stage, there are two possible scenarios, but initially you need to check if the system has one partition allocated by Windows 10 or several partitions. If you only have one partition, you will need to shrink it, but first make sure you have enough free space on it.

In the second case, when there are two or more partitions, you need to decide which partition to clean up to install Ubuntu. In both cases, right-click on the Start menu, select “Disk Management”. In the first case, select the drive (C :) and in context menu right-click on the option “Shrink Volume”.

Set the size of the new partition for Ubuntu, which depends on the original disk size and free space on it, as well as your choice. Note that you need at least 10 gigabytes to install Ubuntu (20 gigabytes or more recommended). After the compression is complete, close the Disk Management utility.

In the second case, select the partition you want to clean up, let's say (D :) and in the Disk Management application, right-click on the appropriate partition and select “Delete Volume”, and you will have an unallocated partition, just like in the first case.

Disk management

Shrink volume

Downloading and installing Ubuntu

The latest Ubuntu release is available for download from our website, make sure you download the 64-bit ISO image that you need to burn to a 2GB or higher USB stick.

After finishing USB creation, plug your Ubuntu USB flash drive into a free port on your computer, restart your computer and call boot menu to select as source USB boot flash drives. Do not select UEFI USB (in this Windows case 10 is not recognized!) *. After that, install latest version Ubuntu.

The only difference is when the first installation screen is displayed, you have to select the “Install Ubuntu alongside Windows 10” option. After the installation is complete, restart your computer. Choose between Ubuntu and Windows 10 using Ubuntu bootloader(available by pressing Esc).

* Update: No need to disable Secure Boot or select UEFI USB when installing Ubuntu. On a specific test machine without applying these measures, UEFI did not recognize Windows partition 10 on your hard disk, everything can work on your computer without these operations.

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