Choosing a TV is by no means an easy task, as it seems at first glance. And all because the modern electronics market is represented by a huge number of devices that differ not only in design, but also in functionality, technical parameters and cost. Today we will talk about what parameters you should pay attention to in the first place. What types of TVs are offered by modern manufacturers, what are their advantages and disadvantages?
TV types
The complexity of choosing a TV is easily explained, because at present the consumer is offered 4 types of devices - CRT, LCD (LCD), plasma panels, projection. And now about each in more detail.
CRT (Cinescope) TVs
This type of TV is the oldest and was especially popular 15 years ago. However, even today, most people are acquiring more advanced models of CRT TVs. CRT devices have a glass kinescope with a small screen size (diagonal - 36-38 inches).
Advantages:
- wide model range;
- affordable price;
- high-quality image and natural color reproduction;
- the longest service life among all types of TVs - up to 18 years;
- low power consumption
Disadvantages:
- small screen size;
- large dimensions and impressive weight of the device;
- the possibility of flickering during image transmission
CRT devices have three kinescope shapes: convex, flat, and super flat.
LCD / Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) TVs
This type of TV is currently the most in demand and popular. What is the working principle of an LCD TV? The monitor of such devices consists of liquid crystals (hence, in fact, the name), which are illuminated from the inside by point light sources at different angles in such a way as to form 1 color from 3 colors - green, red and blue. The viewing angle of the crystals is somewhat limited, which means that the image quality will depend on which side of the screen the viewer is on. The highest quality and most accurate image is transmitted if the viewer is directly in front of the TV. Televisions are thin and flat screen, consuming a small amount of energy.
Advantages:
- light weight and small dimensions;
- high-quality and bright image;
- low energy consumption;
- no flicker;
Disadvantages:
- a small viewing angle, as a result of a change in the color and brightness of the image transmission;
- possible pixel burn-in;
- high price;
Plasma panels
Such devices are often used for arranging a home theater. The basis of such TVs are cells filled with gas. When voltage is applied, the color of the cells changes, as a result of which the desired image is formed and displayed. This technology allows you to provide higher brightness and contrast of the image, to prevent glare and flicker. It is important to understand the fundamental difference between a plasma panel and a plasma TV. And it consists in the following: the panel works as a kind of projector that requires connection to an image transmission source - a DVD / CD player, camcorder, PC or; and the TV is usually equipped with a built-in TV tuner that receives the signal and converts it into an image.
Advantages:
- large screen sizes;
- lack of glare and flickering of the image;
- wide viewing angle;
- naturalness of the transmitted color
Disadvantages:
- high price;
- high level of energy consumption;
- possibility of pixel damage;
Projection TVs
This type of TV works on the principle of a projector, when the image is transmitted to the back or front surface of the screen. Such TVs are capable of transmitting high-quality images in a large format. Often, projection devices are equipped with screens, the size of which reaches 3 meters. These TVs are of two types: translucent and reflective. The diagonal of the screen of translucent projection televisions does not exceed 60 inches, while reflective projection devices are equipped with a screen with a diagonal of up to several meters, as indicated above.
Among other things, projection TVs are divided into three groups: working on kinescopes, on an LCD matrix, on micromirrors.
Screen Format
At choosing a TV it is also important to take into account the screen format (the aspect ratio of the screen - height and width when transmitting an image). TV screens can be presented in two formats: traditional and wide.
Traditional format
This image format is represented by a ratio of 4:3, which is the most familiar and common for most domestic TV channels.
wide format
This format has a 16:9 aspect ratio and is most suitable for watching movies, video clips, photos and home videos. Currently, widescreen image transmission is possible with analogue and satellite television, as well as playing video recordings from discs.
It is noteworthy that TVs with a traditional format are capable of reproducing a widescreen image that will be stretched to fill the entire screen, with obligatory trimming with black stripes on the sides. The same applies to devices with a wide screen, which allows you to transmit an image in a traditional format, which will also be cropped, but only at the top and bottom.
So in this regard, make your own decision about which screen format is right for you.
Screen diagonal
In search of an answer to the question - which TV to choose, it is worth deciding on such an important consumer characteristic as the screen diagonal. At the same time, it is important to take into account all the details in the complex: the size of the living space, the arrangement of furniture and the distance from the TV to the audience for comfortable viewing of your favorite TV shows or movies. Often, most consumers believe that the larger the diagonal, the more comfortable viewing. However, this opinion is erroneous. You should choose a screen size that will be comfortable for all family members.
As a rule, the screen size is indicated in centimeters or inches, indicated by the following symbol ("). For ease of translation, 1 inch is equal to 2.54 cm.
TVs can have the following diagonal sizes:
- less than 27 inches (68.5 cm) - LCD or CRT TVs with this screen size are ideal for small living rooms, kitchens or bathrooms.
- 29 inches (73 cm) - CRT flat screen TVs.
- 32 inches (82 cm) - LCD TVs are suitable for medium-sized rooms - 10-16 square meters, allowing you to view cable and terrestrial channels, as well as HD video.
- from 37 to 43 inches (93 - 109 cm) - LCD or plasma TVs designed for large rooms - 17-20 sq.m., allowing you to receive analog and satellite television.
- from 45 to 55 inches (114 - 139 cm) - plasma and LCD TVs for overall rooms - 22-30 sq.m., on which you can watch movies in HD and Full HD quality, as well as receive satellite and cable TV.
- more than 60 inches (152 cm and above) - plasma and projection TVs for realistic viewing of movies, video clips, home videos in large rooms.
When choosing a screen diagonal size, it is important to remember that the higher this indicator, the larger the dimensions of the TV. When installing a large unit, remember to observe the minimum distance between the TV, the wall and the installed furniture to ensure the necessary air circulation.
Screen resolution
An equally important characteristic when choosing a TV is the screen resolution, which determines the number of pixels that make up a particular image. Most TVs support the three most available resolutions:
- 1366 x 768 (HD Ready) - suitable for watching movies, video clips and TV channels in good quality.
- 1920 x 1080 (Full HD) - suitable for watching videos and TV channels in very high quality.
- 720 x 480 - standard definition, used for broadcasting local TV channels.
Additional functions
Choosing a TV, it is worth considering how important additional functionality is for you and whether you are ready to pay the corresponding price for it.
3D
View 3D images, videos, clips and programs using special 3D glasses. This technology in modern devices allows you to create three-dimensional images by superimposing 2 pictures. In this case, one image is perceived by the left eye, the second - by the right. And the glasses connect these images into one whole. If, say, you do not want to view 3D, disable the option and continue to use the TV as usual.
DVD and Blu-ray players
Built-in players allow you to play video from discs without the use of stand-alone devices. This means that you do not need to additionally purchase a DVD player in order to watch your favorite films and programs, it is enough to buy a TV that supports such functionality.
Interface (control panel and connectors)
The TV interface allows not only to control the device, but also to connect it with any other devices.
USB - the ability to connect flash drives or devices with a USB connection to the TV. This means that you can easily watch a movie, video or photo, listen to your favorite music by connecting a flash drive, external hard drive, or camcorder to the TV.
HDMI - allows you to broadcast video and audio signal in digital form.
Ethernet is a function of connecting to the Internet or accessing an internal network located on a computer.
Wi-Fi - wireless contact with any peripheral device (tablet, PC, phone, video camera) that supports Wi-Fi access.
Inputs : VGA, RGB, HDMI, DVI
Outputs : stereo (audio), component, S-Video, AV-out
File Formats - Most TVs support the most common file formats.
- audio files - MP3
- video files – MKV, WMA, DivX, MPEG4, Xvid
- graphics - jpeg, png, bmp, pic CD
Manufacturers
At the end of the material, a few words about TV manufacturers. The most recognized and reliable brands are Samsung, Panasonic and Sony. Companies offer not only high-quality products, but full service.
Good product quality is guaranteed by the following manufacturers: Hyundai, Toshiba, AEG, Philips, LG, Hitachi, Sharp, HP.
Televisions of medium and low quality are produced by companies from the CIS countries and Asia. These include: West, Thomson, DEX, Mirta, Orion, Daewoo, Saturn, Shivaki, Horizon, Rainford, Rotex, Supra, Electron, Elenberg, Liberton, Ergo.
If you were looking for an answer to the question - " How to choose a TV”, in which case we hope that our material helped to obtain complete information regarding the correct and profitable purchase of this household appliance.
A movie on the big screen… There is probably nothing that compares to the cinematic experience. But what if the rental of the work you are interested in has long ended and the film is presented only on DVD? Or do you just not want to leave the house? Well, there is always a solution - equip a movie theater at home! It's not as difficult as it seems. All you need is a DVD player*, possibly a receiver, a multi-channel speaker system, and of course a TV to watch it all on. The last component is probably the most important - it largely depends on whether you will fully experience the effect of presence, which is so clearly manifested in the dark hall of the cinema, or will you perceive the film as an ordinary picture on the screen.
So what to choose as a big screen? This may be the familiar to most of us kinescope (CRT) TV, projector, projection TV, plasma panel or liquid crystal (LCD) TV. What are the advantages and disadvantages of these solutions?
CRT TVs
Large CRT televisions are perhaps the most common component of low-cost home theaters. The technology, which is noticeably more than half a century old, makes it possible to produce devices with a very affordable price. That's just the screen size of most CRT TVs currently being produced does not exceed 34 inches, this is often not enough to fully feel like a participant in a cinematic action. The kinescope is a very bulky component, so get ready for the fact that the depth of the TV will be around half a meter, and the weight will be about 50 kg. (We are talking about mass models with a diagonal of 29-34 inches, TVs with a smaller screen size can hardly be classified as “cinema”.) The peculiarities of image formation lead to the fact that certain “image” defects are often observed in the corners of the screen, such as - something: non-convergence of rays (the image consists of several colored elements shifted relative to each other), “blurring” (fuzzy, blurry image), geometric distortions (say, circles turn into ovals).
One more factor should be taken into account - kinescope TVs "live out" their age, they are being replaced by new image output technologies. As a result, manufacturers focus on the price of the device, trying to make it minimal, sacrificing other characteristics.
Multimedia projectors
An alternative to the usual TV can serve as a multimedia projector. A large screen is placed in front of the audience, and a small box - a projector - is installed in any convenient place, whether it be a shelf on the wall behind the back or a coffee table in front of the audience. Conveniently? Undoubtedly! The screen, the diagonal of which can reach several meters (!), can be moved to a new place at any time or even rolled up and removed. And the modest dimensions and weight of the projector allow you to forget about the problem of free space.
But projectors also have significant drawbacks. The low brightness of the image on the screen forces the room to shade: during the day you have to draw thick curtains, and in the evening you turn off the lights. However, someone even likes it - the atmosphere is like in a real cinema. A powerful lamp hidden in a miniature housing requires intensive cooling, so all projectors are noisy to some extent. And if for most models the noise is at an acceptable level, then some instances are very annoying. Given that the projector itself is not far from the audience, this can seriously spoil the viewing experience.
By the way, about the lamp. Its service life is short and in normal mode is from one to three thousand hours (compare with ten to fifteen years of trouble-free operation for a CRT TV!). Eco mode doubles the lamp life, but at the cost of reduced brightness. However, the drop in projector brightness is often noticeable after a couple of hundred hours of operation. Replacing the lamp is not difficult, but its price is a significant part of the cost of the projector itself.
Projection TVs
But what if you put the projector and the screen in one case, turning the structure into a kind of familiar TV? Such a "hybrid" turned out to be very successful from the consumer's point of view. The use of a projector instead of a kinescope made it possible to significantly reduce the depth of the case compared to CRT models, while maintaining good image brightness, which makes it possible not to obscure the room when viewing. Of course, in terms of maximum brightness and contrast (as well as in terms of thickness), projection TVs are inferior to plasma ones, but with comparable diagonals they are much cheaper. Projection technology allows you to keep an acceptable price even on models with a diagonal of 70 inches.
True, projection TVs have retained the main drawback of conventional projectors - the relatively short service life and the high cost of the lamp. But the problem of noise is no longer a problem: a large case, by the standards of the projector, made it possible to make the cooling system much quieter.
Plasma panels
Plasma panels can be called the first devices that made it possible to fully realize the idea of a home theater. A detailed story about this technology (as, indeed, about competing "liquid crystals") is ahead of us, now, in order to make the comparison look complete, let's briefly touch on the pros and cons of plasma panels. The large flat screen with excellent brightness and contrast provides a much richer picture than a traditional CRT TV. At the same time, the depth of the case for most models does not exceed 20 cm! Of course, the price of the first plasma TVs “bited”, and even now it can hardly be called low, but a high-quality image is expensive. Plasma panels, due to imaging technology, do not have non-convergence of rays and geometric distortions as a fact. Modern models delight with excellent color reproduction, close to the usual CRT TVs (there were some problems with this before).
But there are also disadvantages. First of all, this is the so-called memory effect. When a static image with bright areas is shown, the phosphor of the panel cells burns out, and a ghostly trace of this “image” remains on the screen (TV channel logos can serve as an example). Due to the technological features of the "plasma" it is difficult to make a panel with a high resolution - at least it must have a solid diagonal. Although the viewer does not notice it, the plasma panel constantly flickers, which causes eye fatigue when viewed from a close distance. We'll have to come to terms with high power consumption and, as a result, some noise from the cooling system (fortunately, hardly noticeable in most models).
LCD TVs
But LCD TVs appeared on the market relatively recently - liquid crystal technology was first honed on computer monitors. The diagonal of modern mass models is from 15 to 65 inches. And if the first ones can hardly be classified as "cinema", then LCD TVs of large diagonals are a serious competitor to "plasma". Their advantage is the complete absence of flicker (you can install the screen closer to the viewer) and the memory effect, an average higher resolution (which, given the advent of the era of high-definition television, is very important), lower weight and power consumption, lower price with a comparable diagonal. Naturally, there are no problems with the geometry of the image, with mismatching colors.
Among the shortcomings, it is worth noting the lower contrast of LCD TVs compared to plasma panels, smaller viewing angles, some inertia of the LCD matrix (on dynamic scenes, the image looks slightly “blurred”). However, the last two problems are practically not relevant for modern models. But the display of a low-resolution “picture” (TV broadcast or a signal from a DVD player) by some instances of LCD TVs still cannot be called ideal - not all manufacturers have managed to “teach” their models to scale the image with minimal loss of clarity.
In 2014, the production of television receivers with a cathode ray tube ceased. Today you will no longer be able to find CRT TVs with a diagonal of 21 inches and above. There are still models with a screen diagonal of 14 inches or less. The time of CRT TVs has passed, and today, basically, all manufacturers produce LED TVs.
TV that uses to display the image on the screen cathode ray tube (CRT) aka CRT (Cathode Ray Tube), and is called a kinescope or CRT TV. There are three cathode guns (red, green, blue) in the kinescope, which fire (an analogy with guns) at a screen covered with a phosphor, causing a glow. The work of the CRT TV is aimed at controlling these guns. And the perfection of the picture that we see depends on the quality of the kinescope and the quality of the control circuit. Therefore, when choosing a CRT TV, you need to look at the kinescope class and the availability of circuit solutions to improve quality (filters, amplifiers, etc.).
Traditional CRT TVs have been on the market longer than others, so manufacturers have already worked out the technology almost to perfection, and thanks to this, you can choose a reliable, well-displaying, durable TV. If you will be using it to watch TV mainly and want to save some money, then you need to choose a CRT TV. It will serve you for more than ten years and such TVs are easier to repair than others.
The appearance of the kinescope television receiver
How to choose a CRT TV according to its characteristics
The main disadvantages of CRT TVs are:
- geometric distortion(for modern TVs in the high price range, they are almost invisible, especially with flat kinescopes);
- ray convergence problem(for TVs with a high price, they are almost invisible);
- big sizes(in depth, different thickness) than LCD and plasma (if there is a place for installation, then you can ignore it);
- exposure to magnetic fields(just do not put loudspeakers and other sources of magnetic fields closer than 1 meter);
- screen size limit(up to 38 inches), for a small room, a diagonal of 90 centimeters is enough;
- harmful effects on humans due to radiation(thanks to modern technologies, it was possible to reduce it so much in CRT that you can ignore it);
100 Hz sweep in kinescope TVs
Another disadvantage of a CRT TV is the flickering of the screen. Due to the introduction of 100 Hz technology, this flicker is almost removed. Then the picture will be stable, which will be especially noticeable when reading small letters, and, accordingly, your eyes will get less tired. With this method, the signal is received from the air with a frequency of 50 Hz, but in a 100 Hz CRT TV, frames are stored and played twice in the time it takes to play one frame in a conventional TV. But there are also drawbacks to this method. On fast scenes, trails will be noticeable, steps will be visible at the edges of transitions, and jitter will be noticeable along the edges of the screen. To eliminate these shortcomings in CRT TVs, various circuit solutions are used. Applying 1-2-1-2 frame interleave eliminates judder in the picture. Digital filters, suppressing noise, reduce the loop. Creating intermediate frames inserted between working frames further improves the picture, making the transitions more natural. Therefore, do not rush to choose a CRT TV with a 100 Hz scan. Look at the picture with a quick change of scene (sports, racing) and then make a decision.
CRT TV sound
If you are not going to buy an additional audio system, but want to listen to high-quality sound, then pay attention to the presence of built-in decoding processors Dolby sound on crt tv.
When buying an expensive crt model, pay attention to the presence of the "picture in picture" and "picture and picture" functions, which allow you to watch two channels at once on one screen. There is also a function to view still images from different channels.
kinescope parameters
When choosing diagonal for CRT TV you need to measure the distance from which you will watch TV, and divide by 5. This value will be the diagonal in centimeters (the distance is also in centimeters). With this size, watching TV will be comfortable, you will not see the graininess of the picture and you do not need to strain your eyes to see small objects.
When choosing a 3x4 or 16x9 format you need to know what you are going to watch. If you watch a lot of DVDs, where films are widescreen, then you need to pay attention to the 16x9 format. If you are going to watch only terrestrial television, then choose 3x4 format.
It is better choose a flat kinescope than convex. A flat kinescope has less distortion and a better picture, less glare from other light sources. But if you watch TV a little (dacha, kitchen), then this is not so important. And yet, flat-panel TVs are more expensive.
CRT TVs have good performance in terms of brightness, contrast and color reproduction. According to these indicators, they are ahead of many LCD and plasma TVs and CRT TVs are inferior to them only in the set of functions and appearance. And expensive models with flat kinescopes also have many additional functions, which improves the picture and makes it convenient to control. And at the price of CRT TVs are cheaper than LCD TVs and plasma panels.
Nowadays, even a child knows what a TV is and uses it all the time. Technology is constantly improving, CRT TVs are becoming a thing of the past. They are being replaced by liquid crystal monitors, as well as LED technologies.
Nevertheless, we will focus on CRT TVs, because many continue to use them for certain reasons. They are also called CRT.
Device
If you get very close to a CRT TV, you will find that the picture on its screen consists of miniature dots. They flicker, burn brighter or dim. If you move away, what is happening on the screen is perceived as a moving picture. This is due to the ability of the human brain to collect everything into a single whole.
The screens of kinescope TVs are shaped like a pear. In place of the "shank" is the so-called electron gun, which directs the electron streams on the screen. The screen surface is filled with phosphor dots. This is a substance that glows when an electric beam hits it. From these smallest points, the whole picture is formed on the screen of kinescope TVs.
Where does color come from?
The screen of a color kinescope TV is even more complicated. On it, phosphors have different properties and glow green, blue and red. All other colors are obtained by mixing these three.
The electron beam shoots rapidly at the screen and impacts the phosphor dots 25 times per instant. As a result, the human eye sees a moving image. Electric beams "run" through all the lines on the screen in the shortest moments.
Specifications
CRT TVs differ in technical parameters:
- Screen size. The larger it is, the larger the TV itself. This means that the largest TV can not fit in all rooms. If the dimensions of the room are modest, the technique must also be chosen small. The smallest TV has a diagonal of 10 inches. Popular models with diagonals from 14-15 inches, as well as 20-25. The largest are 29- and 34-inch. When choosing a screen, you should determine in advance the location of the device in the room. A mandatory requirement is the presence of space between the housing and the wall. Otherwise, the equipment will quickly fail.
- Screen Format. Usually 4:3 is used. 16:9 widescreen is preferred for watching movies. TVs also have auto aspect ratio.
- The scan, or rather its frequency, indicates the quality of the image. In previous models, it was equal to 50 Hz, so the viewer had the feeling that the picture was constantly flickering. Later the frequency was increased to 100-120 Hz.
- Speakers. In small models, they are usually built in, large-sized options have stereo speakers.
- Connectors for connecting devices. Models that are produced today are already equipped with more than just antenna connectors. As a rule, they have audio and video outputs to which you can connect video and DVD equipment.
Advantages and disadvantages
The advantages of CRT TVs are:
- affordable cost;
- variety of choice of models;
- excellent picture quality;
- color realism;
- long service life.
The disadvantages of technology include:
- large dimensions;
- negative impact on the organs of vision during prolonged viewing.
Image problems
Consider the most common malfunctions of CRT TVs:
- Blurred image on the screen. This is due to a broken kinescope. During the repair, the master can perform an additional winding on the transformer, but in the future it will be necessary to change the screen. If a bright glow with thin horizontal streaks appears on the screen, such a kinescope cannot be restored.
- The screen is off. This occurs when a filament breaks or a shorted cathode is detected. With such a malfunction, the master checks for the presence of a circuit between the contacts. If there is no circuit, the screen cannot be restored. In another case, the master solders the contacts and fixes the breakdown.
- Image offset. In this case, the incidence of rays on the phosphor is disturbed. You can try tapping a rubber object around the edges, but most often you have to change the kinescope.
Typical defects of some models
There are also typical defects in some models. For example, in Samsung kinescope TVs, the power supply often burns out. The master changes the mains fuses. It is also possible that the image is disturbed due to a malfunction of the thermistor, it is changed to a new one.
If the TV suddenly smokes, you need to turn it off and urgently call the master. Usually the cause of the breakdown is swollen capacitors, which are replaced with serviceable ones.
Erisson TVs may not transition from standby to working over time. This is due to the fact that the kinescope burn protection is activated in the device if there is a breakdown in the frame scanning nodes. Replacing a faulty transistor with a working one can help.
The LG CRT TV is prone to another breakdown. Over time, it may not turn on. The master will inspect and check:
- Are the capacitors good?
- are there any microcracks in the board and power circuit;
- whether there was a detachment of contacts.
If breakdowns are detected, the master eliminates them, and the equipment pleases its owner with a working condition.
Of course, the repair of CRT TVs should be entrusted to professionals. In this case, you can be sure of the quality of the service, and the TV will last more than one year.
The types of modern TVs and their typical classification according to certain criteria are quite diverse. Therefore, when deciding to purchase new television equipment, many consumers face difficulties in choosing. After all, this is a complex device that is purchased for a long time, so it must have a high degree of reliability. Choosing this type of device, I want it to have an up-to-date set of necessary functions and high technical equipment in a few years. In order with the necessary parameters and optimal functionality, it is important to understand how the types of TVs differ from each other.
There is no specific generally accepted classification of these devices. Most often, experts divide TVs by:
- technologies by which an image is built on the screen;
- functional features of the device;
- opportunities .
Technologies for creating an image on a TV
This group of TVs is divided into five types:
- kinescope;
- projection;
- plasma;
- liquid crystal;
- thin OLEDs.
CRT TVs
Although today it is unlikely that such devices will be found in stores, they are still functioning in many homes. CRT technology was widely used in the 90s - 2000s. The advantages of kinescope equipment include:
- budget price (compared to modern devices);
- the possibility of repair;
- wide viewing angle;
- natural colors;
- long service life.
Disadvantages of TVs based on cathode ray tubes:
- inability to broadcast digital broadcasting(many models do not even provide);
- large size and weight;
- image distortion;
- consume more electricity than modern models;
- limited functionality.
The technology of kinescope TVs has been studied and developed to the limit.
Projection TVs
They are based on an optical system that projects a small picture onto the main screen (RPTV). There are two types:
- based on cathode ray tubes;
- based on liquid crystals.
The first type of projection TV has three small kinescopes(lamps). Each has its own color: red, green and blue. Their rays, before projecting an image onto a large screen, pass through a complex system of lenses, prisms, and mirrors. This type of TV is very similar to kinescope TVs, only it has a larger diagonal (up to 80 inches), better image quality and lower energy consumption.
Plasma technology (PDP)
These thin panels with a perfectly flat screen and excellent image quality (bright and rich colors) are significantly different in appearance from previous types. The source of image formation is a large number small pixel cells. There are no problems with focusing in such equipment, TVs have a wide viewing angle without loss of quality. But in PDP - TVs with a small diagonal (less than 42 inches), it is rather problematic to apply the Full HD resolution that is relevant today. We are not talking about innovative 4K and 8K. In addition, even the smallest plasma panel than the old CRT "box". In addition, the cost of PDP equipment is quite high. And at the moment this technology is not able to compete with relatively inexpensive LED screens. Production often suffers losses, although the image quality of plasma significantly outperforms LCD panels in terms of viewing angles, color flow and matrix response. Despite this, plasma technology has ceased to be developed by many leading manufacturers.
This is the most popular group among consumers. The operation of liquid crystal devices is based on polarization of the light flux. The light source here, unlike plasma TVs, is ordinary fluorescent lamps, or, as in new models, LEDs. They illuminate the white reflective screen behind the glass plate. Liquid crystals are applied to it, which, under the influence of an electric current, form a picture.
Members of this group differ economical energy consumption and light weight, they can easily be used with. In addition, compared to plasmas, LCD equipment maintainable, this characterizes them as practical devices.
The disadvantages of budget models include a delay in dynamic frames and a limited viewing angle.
The most popular liquid crystal among consumers. LEDs act as backlighting of the matrix. At this stage, manufacturers use two types of backlighting: Direct and Edge. In the first case, the LEDs are installed behind the matrix. This allows you to achieve low black levels, so you can use the Local Dimming technology (local dimming of the screen) and avoid side light. In the second (Edge) light sources are located along the screen(can be located on one side, on two or four - depending on the size of the diagonal). Such models are energy efficient and more affordable for consumers.
In addition to the above advantages of such TVs, the strengths of LED screens include:
- a wide range of models and a choice of manufacturers;
- any currently available diagonal solutions;
- absence of visible flicker and beam focusing defects;
- there are no problems with image geometry and clarity;
- are perfect for broadcasting not only analog channels, but also modern digital television.
OLED TVs
The matrix is based on organic LEDs. The picture is displayed on the screen using self-emitting diodes - no backlight is required, as in LCD technology - this is the main thing. Multi-colored semiconductor devices act as independent light sources. OLED technology allows you to create the thinnest screens to date (several millimeters), including .
Such devices are many times superior to their predecessors. Organic LEDs allow you to get the highest possible level of image brightness, contrast, color reproduction. Practically unlimited viewing angle which is in no way inferior to plasma technology. In addition, they are much lighter, thinner and more energy efficient than plasma devices. In LCD-models, OLED technology wins in the smoothness of the transfer of dynamic scenes, the lack of constant backlighting.
At the moment, two leading manufacturers are engaged in the production of such TV models:. They have already released and presented several serial samples, the price of which significantly exceeds similar LCD and plasma TVs. Also, as a disadvantage of such models, one can note, as in the case of plasma, the degradation and burnout of pixels over time, which leads to afterimages.
At the moment, OLED devices have a short service life of about 10,000 hours, while LCDs claim about 60,000, and plasmas up to 100,000 hours of operation.
Experts divide TVs by screen resolution into three large groups:
- Ultra HD.
For older CRT TVs, only SD TV is available. Since most TV channels are still broadcast in this mode, models with a resolution of 720 × 576 pixels, 720 × 480 pixels are relevant and used by a large number of users.
For such a TV, you can access paid channels in high quality using. It is issued by the provider for connection either directly to the TV, through, or through the set-top box.
New generation TVs - LED, OLED and plasma - support TV high and ultra high definition. The most relevant format is HDTV (from 1280×720 pixels to 1920×1080 pixels). It is available on digital TV.
For some models of OLED devices, the best available today (3840×2160 pixels); 8K (7680×4320 pixels) - Ultra HD.
It is worth noting that the future belongs to HDTV. But at present, only a few TV channels are broadcast in this format. Cable operators and satellite service providers are constantly expanding the list of channels transmitted in high definition.
Toshiba 4K TV
If we talk about innovative formats 4K (8K), then owners of equipment with their support for a long time will have to view video content of this resolution only through a Blu-ray player. But such a screen is perfect for video games. A small distance to the panel will not affect the image quality, and the high frame rate and excellent picture will allow gamers to get the most out of the game.
Device functionality
Modern models can be divided into four groups with the ability to:
- universal models;
- no extra features.
Equipment with the supportSmart-technologies have . Thanks to this, using the TV remote control or wireless keyboard, you can easily access social networks, use the built-in browser and web services supported by the device.
Supported by Smart technologies
3 Dmodels may differ in technology: active and passive. In the first case, the image is transmitted alternately, to each eye (this is available thanks to glasses with a power source). Due to this, the viewer sees the image in the resolution in which it is transmitted, with a minimum level of distortion. With passive 3D, the image is transmitted from different angles to both eyes of the viewer at once. Such technology, as well as accessories for its use, is much cheaper. But the image quality and resolution is inferior to active 3D.
Both technologies are available in universal models.
Having considered several classifications of TVs, we can conclude that the most popular today are LED-models. They have access to high resolution video content transmission, which is currently being actively developed, and the necessary functions that are relevant for modern devices. Such devices are rich not only in a wide range of models, but also in the price category. Plasma TV technology, due to expensive production, is gradually declining. They are being replaced by OLED, which contain all the latest achievements of developers and manufacturers of television equipment.
