When carrying out a local network in apartments and private houses, the problem of crimping the network cable often arises. Sometimes, even with all the necessary tools, this operation cannot be performed correctly. And all because RJ-45 has its own characteristics, which must be taken into account when carrying out such work.
And today we will look at how to properly crimp an Internet cable with our own hands. To do this, you will need to prepare certain tools and carefully read the instructions provided.
Features of network elements
Most often, RJ-45, which is used when connecting a computer to a local network, is called a twisted pair cable. This cable consists of 4 or 8 small wires, twisted together in pairs. Each of them has its own dense shell. Why exactly Everything is very simple - a similar structure of the cable allows you to reduce interference with the passage of electrical signals. By the way, if this is an Internet connection with a speed of up to 100 Mbit per second, it is enough to use only two twisted pairs, that is, four wires, to conduct electrical signals. However, to build faster gigabit networks, you have to use 4-pair cables. Experts say that the use of such conductors will become more common in the future. But so far, most homes with wired internet use RJ-45 with four wires.
Crimping methods
In total, there are two methods of crimping the network wire:
- Straight.
- Cross.
You can see the schemes for both in the photo below.
As we can see, with the straight version, both ends of the cable have the same arrangement of conductors in the connector. The crossover method involves crimping the pair on different sides of the cable. In this case, a different order of connecting the conductors is used.
What method should you use to connect your home network? Everything is very simple - the direct method is used in cases where one computer is connected to the Internet. The cross is used only when there is a need for each other. That is, having one laptop or PC at home, it is better to use a direct cable connection method.
How to crimp an internet cable at home? Cooking tools
In fact, you can cope with a twisted pair with your own hands, even if you do not have a lot of knowledge about local networks. As for the tools, they can be bought at any computer store in the city, and for a small price. So, what we need to purchase:
- 1.5-2 meters of RJ-45 cable.
- Special connectors.
- Caps.
- Scalpel or side cutters.
- LAN tester.
- Well, and most importantly - a tool that will allow you to crimp a twisted pair cable in a few seconds. It's called a crimper. It can be purchased at a price of 500 to 2 thousand rubles, depending on the modification, as well as the number of functions performed. With its help, we will be able to fix the connectors and crimp the cable. Outwardly, this device is a pliers-type mechanism.
How to crimp a 4-core internet cable? Getting Started
Having prepared all the necessary materials and tools, you can get to work. Before crimping the Internet cable, you must first remove the layer of external insulation from it. As for the length, to connect it is enough to remove 2.5-3 centimeters of wire insulation. You can remove the thick plastic shell either with a knife or with the crimper itself. Almost all crimping tools now have a blade for stripping excess insulation from twisted pair cables. After that, a thin nylon thread will be visible near the wires - it can be safely cut off.
By the way, when stripping the cable, the length of the untwisted twisted pair should not be higher than 1.25 centimeters. To make it more convenient, it is advisable to use special "pliers" that have knives with a limiter.
How to crimp internet cable now? We unravel two twisted pairs of conductors and align them for the following operations. After preparation, you can proceed to the crimping procedure. It is done strictly according to the scheme.
Please note that before crimping the twisted pair, it should be as flat as possible, and the wires should be parallel to each other. If necessary, you can shorten the conductor positioned in order by half. This is done with a blade on a crimper.
Working with a crimper
Next comes the most important part of the work. So, we put on the connector and carefully crimp it with a crimper. To do this, we insert the conductors into the RJ-45 network cable connector. It is important to remember that all colors must match each other, that is, white is connected strictly to white, blue to blue, and so on.
But one small point should be noted here. Before crimping the Internet cable, keep in mind that the network will work even if different shades of wires were connected to the connector. True, this applies only to a few types of elements. For example, instead of blue, you can connect white-blue, instead of orange - orange-blue, etc.
Also, make sure that the conductor fits exactly into the designated hole on the connector. Otherwise, the transfer of data, and, accordingly, the work of the Internet on the PC will be impossible. After making sure that the colors and the location of the conductors are correct, we take a crimper and crimp the network cable. This is done like this: the cable and connector are inserted into the device and the handles are compressed on the latter. Please note that this element has several holes for different types of wires (4P2C, RJ-12 and many others), namely three. Specifically for an RJ-45 cable, this hole is in the middle.
Checking the results of work
But on this the question of how to squeeze a 4-core with your own hands has not yet been fully resolved. Next, we have to check the correctness of the work done. This is not done "by typing", but with the help of a special device - a LAN tester. How to use this tool? First you need to insert the cable connectors into the tester. Then the device is connected to power supply. If the tester does not find any errors, all indicators on it will light up in turn, one after another. If you notice that the tool “missed” one of the conductors (one indicator did not light up), then there is a loose contact of the contacts in the socket. In this case, the network cable is re-crimped and tested again.
What if re-crimping does not solve the problem?
In this case, the problem may be hidden in the connector. It so happens that at the entrance, the conductors can twist in it, and then it is simply impossible to guarantee the tightness of the connection of the contacts. Try replacing the connector with a different one. In most cases, this helps when connecting a local network.
Conclusion
That's it, at this stage our cable is ready for use. Similar to the above case, we process the second end of the wire. After that, you can safely bring it to your computer. The main thing here is not to forget the order of connecting the conductors.
So, we figured out how to crimp an Internet cable with our own hands. As you can see, the whole procedure is very simple and straightforward, and it only takes a few minutes in time.
In this tutorial, I will show you how to crimp a LAN network cable and make an Internet cable with your own hands without a tool. Instead of crimper (special tool for crimping twisted pair to RJ-45) we will use a regular screwdriver. And for stripping the twisted pair - a knife.
In the article, I showed the whole process using a crimper. And he promised to prepare a guide for crimping an Internet cable without crimping pliers. Everything is simple here: if you already have a special tool, then you most likely do not need all these instructions, you are already in the subject. And if you are looking on the Internet how to make a network cable with your own hands, then you most likely do not have a crimper. And you are not going to buy it, for the reason that you simply do not need it. The tool is not cheap, and buying one to crimp two connectors is not a good idea. Therefore, you can do everything with a regular screwdriver and a knife. Yes, it may turn out to be a little kolkhoz and not the first time, but it will work out. But on a budget and without outside help.
We need the following materials and tools:
- The cable itself is twisted pair. I took a small piece, your cable must be of the required length. Buy a little with a margin.
- RJ-45 connectors. To make one network cable, you need two connectors. But be sure to buy more. The connector is disposable. And if something does not work out the first time, you will have to go to the store again.
- A screwdriver with which we will crimp the twisted pair into an RJ-45 connector.
- Twisted pair stripping knife.
- And preferably more wire cutters to trim the wiring. You can also use the wire cutters that are usually found on the pliers. If you don't have any wire cutters or pliers, you can cut the cable with scissors or a knife. This is not very easy right, but as a last resort it is possible.
Here's a set I have:
My knife is a little big for this kind of business, but it doesn't matter. The main thing is to be sharp 🙂
As it turned out (I found out about this while writing the article) that there are so-called toolless connectors. An interesting thing. With their help, you can make an Internet cable even without a screwdriver. All you need is a cable stripper. They look something like this (pictured is a SUPR connector):
How they work: we strip the cable and insert it into the connector. On the connector itself, there is even a diagram of where to insert which wiring. Then we simply snap it in and the cable is crimped. The thing seems to be not very popular. I don't even know if you can buy such a connector in a regular store. You have to ask.
Before proceeding to crimping a twisted pair using our screwdriver, you need to decide on the scheme according to which we will make the cable.
Crimping circuits for LAN cable
There are two ways you can make an internet cable. Most likely you want the first method, direct crimp. Let's figure it out in more detail.
1 If you need a cable to connect a laptop, computer, TV, or other equipment to a router or modem, then you need to make a cable according to this scheme. This is a direct crimp order. The easiest and most common way. Such a network cable, for example, comes with a router.There are two crimping methods: T568A and T568B. I did it according to the T568B circuit, which you can see below. It turns out that we crimp both connectors the same way.
I think you have decided on the scheme. You can read more about this in the article:. I will be making a simple cable (straight crimp) using the T568B scheme.
Twisted pair crimping without tool (crimper)
If you have everything you need, you can start making the cable. I will try to show everything as detailed and step by step as possible.
1 Remove the external insulation from the twisted pair. About two centimeters. Cut the insulation lightly in a circle and pull it off. Just watch carefully so as not to damage the insulation of the wires themselves.
We insert the wiring all the way. They should go completely and rest against the front wall of the connector.
5 Once again, we check whether the twisted pair has entered the connector correctly, and proceed to crimping. Take our screwdriver (maybe you have something else), and press the contacts in turn. Look carefully, do not hurt your hand!
The contacts must be pressed hard. So that they pierce the cable. The contact itself should not just align with the connector body, but be slightly recessed into the body. The lesson is not the easiest one. When I pressed the cable with a screwdriver, it was hardly inserted into the LAN port of the router (but it already worked), after which I still pressed the contacts with a screwdriver.
After I squeezed each pin, I also snapped the cable clamp into place. It is simply pressed inward and the outer insulation is pressed in.
Everything is ready. We do the same on the other side of the cable. I got it like this:
As you can see, the contacts themselves are slightly damaged by the screwdriver. When crimping with a crimper, there is no such damage.
I tested the cable by connecting my laptop to my router. The Internet appeared on the laptop, which means that everything worked out and works. I managed to make a network cable the first time. Even without a special tool, using a regular knife and screwdriver. I hope you did the same.
What if the network cable doesn't work?
Maybe this. But I would not rush to dump everything on the cable at once. It is possible that the problem is with the router, computer, or other device you are connecting. Need to check.
- Connect using the manufactured cable to another device. If possible, check the devices by connecting them with another cable. To make sure that it is the network cable that we just pressed.
- Be sure to carefully check the sequence of wires in the connector in accordance with the diagram.
- If you mix up the sequence of wires, then bite off the connector and redo it.
- If everything is according to the scheme, then take a screwdriver and squeeze the contacts on the connector. It is possible that there is no contact.
That's all. Write in the comments about your results, ask questions, and share tips. Good luck to all!
Almost no local area network is complete without wired segments, where computers are connected to the network using cables. In this material, you will learn what types and types of cables are used to create local networks, as well as learn how to make them yourself.
Almost no local area network, be it home or office, is complete without wired segments, where computers are connected to the network using cables. This is not surprising, because such a solution for transferring data between computers is still one of the fastest and most reliable.
Types of network cable
In wired LANs, a special cable called "twisted pair" is used to transmit the signal. It is called so because it consists of four pairs of copper conductors twisted together, which reduces interference from various sources.
.jpg)
In addition, the twisted pair has a common external dense insulation made of polyvinyl chloride, which is also very little susceptible to electromagnetic interference. Moreover, on sale you can find both an unshielded version of the UTP cable (Unshielded Twisted Pair), and shielded varieties with an additional foil shield - either common for all pairs (FTP - Foiled Twisted Pair), or for each pair separately (STP - Shielded Twisted Pair).
It makes sense to use a twisted pair cable modification with a shield (FTP or STP) at home only with high pickups or to achieve maximum speeds with a very long cable length, which should preferably not exceed 100 m.In other cases, a cheaper unshielded UTP cable, which can be found, will do. at any computer store.
Twisted pair cable is divided into several categories, which are labeled from CAT1 to CAT7. But do not be immediately afraid of such a variety, since for building home and office computer networks, mainly a CAT5 cable without a screen or its somewhat improved version of CAT5e is used. In some cases, for example, when the network is laid in rooms with high electromagnetic interference, you can use the cable of the sixth category (CAT6), which has a common foil shield. All of the above categories are capable of transferring data at speeds of 100 Mbps when using two pairs of wires, and 1000 Mbps when using all four pairs.
Crimping schemes and types of network cable (twisted pair)
Twisted pair crimping is the procedure for attaching special connectors to the ends of the cable, which are 8P8C 8-pin connectors, which are usually called RJ-45 (although this is somewhat incorrect). In this case, the connectors can be either unshielded for UTP cables, and shielded for FTP or STP cables.
Avoid buying so-called plug-in connectors. They are designed for use with soft stranded cables and require some skill to install.
To lay the wires, 8 small grooves are cut inside the connector (one for each core), above which metal contacts are located at the end. If you hold the connector with the contacts up, with the latch towards you, and the cable entry will look at you, then the first contact will be located on the right, and the eighth on the left. Pin numbering is important in the crimp procedure, so keep this in mind.
There are two main wiring diagrams within connectors: EIA / TIA-568A and EIA / TIA-568B.
When using the EIA / TIA-568A scheme, the wires from the first to the eighth pin are laid in the following order: White-green, Green, White-orange, Blue, White-blue, Orange, White-brown and Brown. In the EIA / TIA-568B scheme, the wires go like this: White-orange, Orange, White-green, Blue, White-blue, Green, White-brown and Brown.
For the manufacture of network cables used when switching between computer devices and network equipment in various combinations, two main options for crimping the cable are used: straight and cross (cross). With the help of the first, most common option, cables are made that are used to connect the network interface of a computer and other client devices to switches or routers, as well as interconnect modern network equipment. The second, less common option, is used to make a crossover cable that allows two computers to be directly connected to each other via network cards, without using switching equipment. You may also need a crossover cable to connect old switches to a network via up-link ports.
What to make straight network cable, it is necessary to compress both ends of it along the same scheme. In this case, you can use both the 568A and 568B options (it is used much more often).
It is worth noting that it is not at all necessary to use all four pairs to make a direct network cable - two will be enough. In this case, using one twisted pair cable, you can connect two computers to the network at once. Thus, if high local traffic is not planned, the consumption of wires for building a network can be halved. However, keep in mind that in this case, the maximum data exchange rate for such a cable will drop 10 times - from 1 Gbps to 100 Mbps.
As you can see from the figure, in this example, Orange and Green pairs are used. To crimp the second connector, Brown takes the place of the Orange pair, and Blue takes the place of the Green one. In this case, the connection diagram to the contacts is preserved.
For the manufacture of crossover cable necessary one compress its end according to the 568A scheme, and second- according to the 568V scheme.
Unlike straight-through cable, all 8 cores are always required to make a crossover. At the same time, a crossover cable for data exchange between computers at speeds up to 1000 Mbps is manufactured in a special way.
One end of it is crimped according to the EIA / TIA-568B scheme, and the other has the following sequence: White-green, Green, White-orange, White-brown, Brown, Orange, Blue, White-blue. Thus, we see that in the 568A scheme, the places of the Blue and Brown pairs have changed, while maintaining the sequence.
Finishing the conversation about the circuits, we summarize: crimping both ends of the cable according to the 568V scheme (2 or 4 pairs), we get straight cable to connect a computer to a switch or router. Crimping one end according to the 568A scheme, and the other according to the 568B scheme, we get crossover cable for connecting two computers without switching equipment. The manufacture of a gigabit crossover cable, which requires a special circuit, stands apart.
Crimping network cable (twisted pair)
For the cable crimping procedure itself, we need a special crimping tool called a crimper. Crimper is a pliers with several working areas.
In most cases, knives are placed closer to the handles of the tool to cut twisted pair wires. Here, in some modifications, you can find a special recess for stripping the outer insulation of the cable. Further, in the center of the working area, there is one or two sockets for crimping network (marking 8P) and telephone (marking 6P) cables.
Before crimping the connectors, cut a piece of cable to the correct length at right angles. Then, on each side, remove the common outer insulating shell by 25-30 mm. In doing so, do not damage the own insulation of the conductors inside the twisted pair.
Next, we begin the process of sorting the cores by color, according to the selected crimping scheme. To do this, untwist and align the wires, then lay them in a row in the desired order, pressing them tightly together, and then cut the ends with a crimper knife, leaving about 12-13 mm from the edge of the insulation.
Now we carefully put the connector on the cable, making sure that the wires do not get confused, and each of them goes into its own channel. Push the strands all the way until they are against the front of the connector. With the correct length of the ends of the conductors, all of them must go into the connector all the way, and the insulating shell must be inside the case. If this is not the case, then pull out the veins and shorten them somewhat.
After you put the connector on the cable, it remains only to fix it there. To do this, insert the connector into the corresponding socket located on the crimping tool and gently squeeze the handles until it stops.
Of course, it's good when you have a crimper at home, but what if you don't have one, but you really need to crimp the cable? It is clear that you can remove the external insulation with a knife, and use ordinary wire cutters to cut the veins, but what about the crimp itself? In exceptional cases, you can use a narrow screwdriver or the same knife for this.
Place a screwdriver on top of the contact and press it so that the teeth of the contact cut into the conductor. It is clear that this procedure must be done with all eight contacts. Finally, push the center cross section to secure the cable insulation in the connector.
And finally, I will give a little advice: Before the first crimping of the cable and connectors, buy with a margin, since not everyone can do this procedure well the first time.
And here the question arises: how to compress a twisted pair of 8 cores? After all, the connector itself is "tightly" attached to the wire. What now, to call the provider again, call specialists, pay them for their work?
As it turned out, the twisted pair crimping scheme is not so complicated. It is quite possible to make such a connection with your own hands. In addition, a twisted pair cable, the connection of which is done by hand, will save your personal budget. And how to crimp the cable for the Internet, let's try to figure it out now.
But first, it's worth understanding what the Internet cable itself is and how to connect the wires to the connector for its correct operation.
Wire, connector and crimper
The Internet cable contains 8 copper wires, which are twisted in pairs. That is why such a wire is called a twisted pair. Twin cores are similar in color. For example, a pair can be blue and blue-white or brown and brown-white.
There are two types of wires on the counters - shielded (STP) and unshielded (UTP). But, ultimately, these types of cables do the same job, and therefore it makes no sense to overpay for the screen. Therefore, the second option will be the best, as it is more accessible for connection. In addition, it has different categories, among which it is worth choosing.
UTP cables can be categorized into 3, 5, 6, and 7 (the most common). It is necessary to understand that the lower the category, the lower the quality and, as a result, the price. Today, the 5th category can be distinguished, which has proven itself well in operation and, at the same time, has a completely acceptable cost. It is currently the most common.
As for the connector, nowadays, almost all devices use Rj-45. Its cost is low, and therefore it is worth buying these switching parts with a margin, since there is a risk of ruining them during work due to inexperience.
Also, for work, you may need a tool called a crimper, i.e. special pliers for crimping the plug. Although you can do without them, provided that you only need to compress one or two wires - in this case, you should not spend money on it.
Twisted pair crimping methods
Having dealt with the necessary tool and material, you can start choosing the option for crimping. After all, the speed of transmission of Internet traffic and other information, and the types of devices with which the cable will be compatible, depends on what it will be.
There are two types of pinouts: these are 568 A and 568 V. In turn, they make up two subspecies - direct connection or cross (cross). In addition, there is a simplified pinout, i.e. crimping twisted pair 4 wires, not 8. However, with this arrangement, the traffic speed is reduced from 1 Gbps to 100 Mbps. It is necessary to consider each of the options separately, and you should start with the simplest ones.
Straight on 4 and 8 wires 568V
Twisted pair, which is crimped in a 2-pair way, is used when connecting a computer to switching devices such as a modem, router, etc. When crimped on both sides, the sequence of wires on the contacts is as follows:
- orange with white;
- Orange;
- green with white;
- green.
This color layout leaves pins 4, 5, 7 and 8 unused. Thus, you can connect the Internet via an ADSL line at a speed of no more than 100 Mbit / s, but at the same time a twisted pair of 4 cores, of course, is much easier to install.
Twisted pair, the connection of which must be high-speed, requires the use of all 8 wires when crimping. This network cable connection scheme allows you to increase the data transfer rate up to 1 Gbit / s. The order of arrangement of the veins by color is as follows:
- orange with white;
- Orange;
- green with white;
- blue;
- blue with white;
- green;
- brown with white;
- Brown.
A slightly different connection procedure in the crossover version, for which the 568 A type of conductor arrangement is used.
Cross
A similar connection option uses the 568 A and 568 B types for low transmission speeds, namely, one of the sides of the wire is crimped according to the previous 8-wire method, but the second one swaps the orange and green pairs. It turns out the pinout of the twisted pair 568; A:
- green with white;
- green;
- orange with white;
- blue;
- blue with white;
- Orange;
- brown with white;
- Brown.
If you need a high traffic speed, the pinout of the cable for the Internet will be as follows: one of the sides is crimped in the 568 V sequence, and the other side is 568 A, but with the replacement of the blue-brown pairs.
Procedure for crimping with a crimper
First, you need to strip the outer layer of insulation about 2.5–3 cm. For such manipulation, there are special recesses on the crimper. In this case, you need to be very careful not to damage the insulation of the twisted pair wires.
After that, it is necessary to carefully straighten the veins, placing them in the desired sequence, and cut them so that an even perpendicular edge is obtained. Then, along the grooves inside the plug, bring the wires inside so that they enter the contacts of the plug. In this case, the outer insulation of the wire must also go inside. Otherwise, after a few bends, the connector will fail and the wires will break.
After that, it is already possible to crimp the wire and the second fastening place with a crimper, on which there is a special groove for the 8P network wire. If the crimp is sufficient, the contacts pierce the core insulation. This action has two functions - it creates a strong contact and additional fixation.
As long as the instructions are followed carefully, the twisted pair connector will function as intended. If something went wrong, the colors of the veins were confused, etc., it is for such a case that a supply of plugs is needed, which was mentioned above.
Tool-free crimping
The procedure here is the same as in the previous method - the insulation is removed, the conductors are arranged in the right order and the conductors are cut, inserted into the plug along the grooves. After that, a screwdriver squeezes the part fixing the cable itself, and only after that you can proceed directly to the contacts themselves.
The same screwdriver (or scissors - as it is more convenient for anyone), carefully, one at a time, crimp the contacts until they pierce the insulation and firmly rest against the conductors. In this case, the contacts will remain embedded in the grooves of the plastic plug.
But still, of course, the connector crimped with a crimper, even the most budget one, will be of much better quality. By the way, on new computers and laptops it no longer matters whether the connector is crimped in a straight or cross way, because these models already adjust themselves to the pinout. Of course, this does not mean that you can perform such a procedure at random. Simply, if you need to connect an Internet modem or another computer, you can do it by directly crimping a twisted pair or twisted pair 4 cores (at low traffic speed).
Summarizing
As it became, for sure, clear, the question of how to crimp a network cable is not so difficult, and everyone can do such work, even without special education. The main thing, as in any work, is attentiveness, accuracy and strict adherence to the instructions (images of various cuts are available above). Therefore, it makes no sense to call the master, wait for him and pay money for the work that can be done by hand. But if you have doubts about your abilities, then, of course, you can entrust this business to a professional, but still it will not hurt to try to crimp it yourself. After all, the costs of plugs are the smallest, and you can save a lot.
Despite the seeming simplicity of the issue and the presence of the necessary information in the network, difficulties can arise with crimping a twisted pair, especially for those whose professional activities are not related to the installation of local networks. In this collection, we tried to collect all the information that reveals this topic as much as possible, from the necessary tool to various crimping schemes.
What do you need to crimp?
When choosing a crimper, you should pay attention to the following points:
- The tool must be massive enough... Lightweight pliers, as a rule, do not have sufficient strength and quickly fail. On the other hand, a heavy tool will cause fatigue quickly.
- Halves press pliers should not be bent (displaced) relative to each other. The slightest displacement will break the connector during crimping.
- Ergonomic, the tool should be comfortable.
The advantage of this tool is that removing the outer insulation does not damage the coating of the wires. Please note that stripping the FTP cable (with a foil shield, that is, shielded) is not allowed.
As a rule, simple models with a minimum set of functions consist of two blocks: the main and the remote, the accepted designation in English is master and remote, respectively. Each unit has LEDs numbered 1 to 8 and a ground wire G.
Testing is done as follows:
- The cable under test is connected to the main and remote modules.
- If the conductor is intact, the corresponding indicator lights up green, if there is a break, the LEDs do not light up, in the event that pairs are mixed up or there is a short circuit, a red color is displayed. Some devices, in addition to light indication, can also emit tones.
- Cross crimping tool, used when connecting outlets, patch panels, etc. It is not used for crimping the cable, we brought it up because it is included in standard kits for cutting a twisted pair.
Actually, there will be enough universal pliers for crimping, but it is more convenient to remove the insulation with a stripper, and to test the correctness of the wiring, use a tester.
On the Internet, you can find a description of how to crimp connectors using a flat screwdriver. This is really possible as a last resort when the crimper is not at hand. The quality of such a connection will be unreliable, therefore, as soon as possible, it is necessary to pinch the cable using pliers.
Crimping sequence 8-core twisted pair + circuit
There are two standards for crimping an 8-core twisted pair: T568A and T568B. Below is the accepted pinout for these standards.
Now let's move on to the process of crimping the UTP cable. The sequence of actions is as follows:
Screwdriver crimping
We will briefly talk about this method, although we do not recommend using it, but if there is no tool, then this option may be the only alternative. If we take the above instructions as a basis, then it will be changed only in the fourth paragraph. With a flat screwdriver, we press the knives in the connector (8 pieces).
Then we clamp the plastic tongue fixing the cable. We recommend preparing several connectors for this process, as practice shows, having no experience breaking the connector in the process of "barbaric" compression is elementary.
4-core twisted pair: crimping rules + circuit
A twisted pair of 8 cores is used for a gigabit network, if a 100 Mbit LAN is planned, then the 4th core will be enough. In the connector in such cases, contacts "1", "2", "3", "6" are used. Below are shown three possible pinout options for a 4-wire twisted pair.
Crimping and cutting is done according to the same principle as for a 4-pair cable.
Straight and cross crimping
Now let's move on to the crimp options. They are of two types:
- Straight, that is, both ends of a twisted pair are crimped to the same standard.
- Cross, in this case one of the ends is crimped according to the T568A standard, the other - T568B.
Figure 12. Direct (A) and cross-over (B) connection This specificity is associated with the connection diagram. There are actually three options:
- Router router. In this case, a cross line connects two routers or hubs.
- PC-PC. Everything is clear here, a network cable is used to directly connect two personal computers.
- Router-PC. That is, the personal computer is connected to a network node.
Let's take a quick look at the listed wiring diagrams.
Crimping twisted pair according to the router-router scheme
With this connection option, it is supposed to use a direct circuit (see A in Fig. 12). However, when using intelligent nodes in a network topology, this restriction is not required. That is, a direct and crossover connection scheme is allowed, since the router is able to recognize its type. But, it is considered correct to adhere to the selected standard for a particular LAN.
Crimping twisted pair according to the computer-computer scheme
A completely different situation arises when connecting PCs to each other. In this case, only a crossover circuit can work - a crossover. This type of connection has been demonstrated in Figure 12 (B).
Crimping twisted pair according to the router-computer scheme
It is customary to perform this type of connection in a straightforward manner. For intelligent switches (switches), this condition is not necessary, but nevertheless, it is considered "good form" to adhere to this condition.
Let's summarize
In this collection, we have collected all the necessary information, thanks to which it will not be difficult to do it yourself, using the necessary tools, to crimp the twisted pair for one or another connection scheme. The main thing is to adhere to the basic rules, it will not be superfluous to repeat them again:
- Crimping must be done in accordance with the color scheme.
- It is important to follow the rules for cutting the cable. Recall that the wires must rest against the stop of the channels. The clamp should fix the cable without stripped insulation (see in fig. 8).
- The crimping procedure allows direct and reverse methods, but it is unacceptable to connect a four-core and two-core connection scheme.
- Although Smart Hubs allow a combination of direct and crossover connections, it is recommended that you adhere to one type of standard.
- Checking the cable with a tester allows you to quickly detect the problem.
- A quality tool guarantees a consistent result. You can also purchase Chinese tongs, but in this case, the quality of the crimp and the service life of the tool will be on the conscience of the manufacturer.
Read the articles in the topic on the site:
