How to set up smartphones and PCs. Informational portal
  • home
  • Interesting
  • The scheme of the battery level indicator on transistors. Battery level indicator

The scheme of the battery level indicator on transistors. Battery level indicator

VPN(virtual private network) is one of the best security tools for Internet users. You can use them to surf on public WiFi without worrying about the security of your sensitive data. It can even bypass firewalls. This may allow you to use Telegram and other blocked resources as usual. Most users use it to overcome blocking to various types of content. Whatever the reason, a VPN is a powerful and popular tool.

In today's review, we will look at the best VPN apps for Android and free VPN apps for Android.

Betternet - Free VPN

Betternet is one of the most deserving free VPN apps out there. The service does not keep logs and the speed is also in order. The free version has ads, but there is also a premium version. The application has a simple intuitive interface. This is one of the best VPN apps. However, I would like to see more adequate prices for premium features, otherwise it turns out to be very expensive.

F-Secure FREEDOME VPN

F-Secure Freedome VPN is one of the oldest VPN apps for Android. It remains to be one of the best thanks to frequent updates. There are no logins in it, and you do not need to create accounts. Application developers do not want to know who you are and where you are from. The application has a light antivirus. Intuitive interface. To connect to VPN gently just a few taps. The premium version adds a few extra features and more bandwidth. The prices are also quite reasonable.

Hideman VPN

Hideman VPN is one of the most popular VPN apps for Android. The free version includes 2 GB of data at about 512 kbps. In the premium version, there are no restrictions and more choice of servers. They don't keep magazines for paying subscribers. Free user logs are deleted after 14 days.

Open VPN Connect

OpenVPN Connect is one of the few truly free VPNs for Android. The application is open source, which is a plus for such applications. Most applications do not have a variety of functions, with OpenVPN it is the other way around and requires little training. You can do things like import .ovpn profiles and other advanced settings.

Open VPN for Android

OpenVPN for Android - This app has many of the same features as OpenVPN Connect, but with a friendlier interface. However, you still have to figure it out. At its core, OpenVPN for Android and OpenVPN Connect serve the same purpose in very similar ways, and they're both free, so you can't go wrong. Please note that you need to create and configure the OpenVPN server yourself.

Opera VPN - Unlimited VPN

Opera VPN is a VPN application from the developers of the famous browser. The application is completely free, without ads, etc. You just log in and go about your business. The app also has some interesting features. Five server locations, the ability to show WiFi security levels, and an ad blocker. Please read their privacy policy before using.

ProtonVPN

ProtonVPN is a unicorn when it comes to VPN apps. It impresses with the number of features. The application is absolutely free, without subscriptions and ads. The service provides unlimited traffic, many servers around the world and without registration. This is one of the new VPN apps, so there are a few bugs. However, you won't find a better free VPN app than this one.

SpeedVPN Free VPN Proxy

SpeedVPN is another rare free VPN app. This service has a unique feature, after 60 minutes it disconnects you from VPN. But you can, reconnect as needed. This is a special mechanic to free up a lane for active users. This is a good, simple and free VPN option for Android.

SurfEasy VPN: Proxy Server

SurfEasy VPN is one of the brightest VPN apps out there. From the same developer that provides free VPN servers to Opera. The app has a strict registration policy. In addition, this is one of the few VPN services that has additional conditions for those who download torrents. In total, the service has 500 servers in 28 countries.

Tunnel Bear VPN

TunnelBear VPN is another great VPN app for Android. It works like most VPN apps. You connect, it hides your location and traffic, and that's it. The free version provides 500 MB of traffic per month. You can buy an unlimited plan for 599 rubles or 4999 rubles. The developer does not keep a log of connections, which is good.

VPN Robot Free

VPN Robot is a brand new free VPN app. The application performs all its duties perfectly. It is possible to independently choose the fastest server. The application does not require an account, username and login. The application is distributed absolutely free of charge, without internal purchases, but there is advertising.

VyprVPN Fast, Secure & Unlimited

ZPN has several applications. Both are pretty decent. Their flagship product is Free VPN Proxy. It has a decent, stable VPN. The free version allows you to receive 10 GB of data per month. It's better than most competitors. Paid options allow you to get up to 50 GB or unlimited data. There are other features like OpenVPN support etc.

Super VPN is an application that allows you to hide the true IP address of an Android user thanks to encryption technologies. This increases the security of Internet surfing when using public Wi-Fi hotspots that do not have sufficient protection against the introduction of malware. Helps the user bypass the blocking of specific sites in certain countries.

Program Features

Using the application, the user has the ability to bypass any blocking that is imposed in the country. This is achieved thanks to the huge number of servers available for connection in various parts of the world, from the UK to Japan.

Other features:

  • connection to servers can be independent or automatic - in the second option, the program itself will select the best option;
  • simple interface consisting of several buttons;
  • providing access to resources blocked in a number of countries - for example, a user from Russia gets the opportunity to freely access the Netflix website.

The optimal setting can automatically match the connection to the servers depending on the site that the user decides to visit. For full access to all the functions of the application, registration is not required. You just need to download, go to the main menu, then select a country and get to work.

Application advantages

Super VPN ensures a stable internet connection. When connected, the speed will never drop, but will remain at the same level. There are no usage restrictions. You don't have to worry about the session time, the amount of missed traffic and other parameters, since the application is free.

Additional benefits include:

  • connection protection from third party connections;
  • the program applies to all installed applications, i.e. at launch, its design and pricing will change depending on the selected country.

Super VPN for Android allows you to completely hide actions from the provider, which is useful when visiting blocked sites. The lack of a full-fledged interface can also be considered a virtue that simplifies the use of the program.

Who needs a VPN?

Those who are confident in the right of everyone to a free Internet and unhindered access to information. Those who want to securely protect their data. For those who need anonymity.

    Protection from hackers

    Do you often connect to public Wi-Fi and shared hotspots? With CloudVPN, data transmitted over the network is only available to the recipient.

    Servers on different continents

    Change your virtual location at any time. Connect to one of 92 servers in 34 countries around the world.

    DoubleVPN - double protection

    Is one secure channel not enough for you? CloudVPN will create an additional encrypted tunnel between its servers. Try security and anonymity multiplied by two.

    Any resource is now available

    Can't download music, a movie, a book or read an interesting article due to blocking? Connect to our service and bypass any restrictions.

    Anonymity

    We value the user's right to privacy. Therefore, our service does not keep any logs. This is confirmed by our reputation.

Download VPN for Android: instructions for installing the application

The development of Internet technologies for mobile phones has significantly expanded the capabilities of gadgets. Android phones and tablets are used for work, shopping, and various financial transactions. What is the best way to protect your data from malicious intent?

The answer is simple - download VPN for Android and create a secure Internet connection. You, like most users, have applications for paying for services. If you run them in a public WI-FI zone, then no one guarantees that your bank card details will not be intercepted by intruders. In order not to lose money or break off relations with colleagues or relatives, install special software.

How to set up VPN on Android

VPN for Android is a virtual private network that allows you to create one or more encrypted connections. The CloudVPN app is designed specifically for smartphones by a team of experienced professionals to protect your data. With it, you can safely use any application without fear of losing pin codes and access passwords, as well as get access to blocked social networks and other inaccessible sites.

Most manufacturers of modern gadgets choose Android as their system. First of all, it's about a user-friendly interface. Even the most inexperienced user will be able to customize any program on this platform.

You can download VPN for Android in Google Play. For the play store, enter your password. By installing a VPN on your phone, you can immediately launch it and start accessing the network without hindrance. However, before that, you need to do the following:

  1. Choose a tariff from three offered: for a month, for half a year or for a year.
  2. Having decided on the tariff plan, purchase it on our website.
  3. After payment, you will receive an activation code, which you must enter in the appropriate field when starting the program.
  4. Choose a country to connect from the proposed list and get started.

Do you still doubt whether you can download and set up VPN on Android on your own? The developers of CloudVPN aimed to create an application that would require minimal skills to work on the device. Following the installation instructions, you can activate and run the program without any problems. After you download the apk and enter the activation code, you will be able to use the application for the period you choose.

Why change the IP address?

The use of VPN does not at all mean the intention to commit illegal acts. Reasons to use the program may be different:

CloudVPN is the best protection for your gadget

Among the various vendors offering data protection service for tablet and phone, CloudVPN stands out due to the following features:

  • lack of customization;
  • launch with one touch of the screen;
  • 95 different servers in 41 countries of the world;
  • quick change of IP address;
  • the ability to start when the device is turned on;
  • technical support of operation;
  • payment in any convenient way.

You can download VPN for Android in Russian, which further simplifies the installation and use of the application. To make sure the program is useful, you can download it for 1 day for free.

Do-it-yourself battery charge indicator on two LEDs- Properly maintained batteries will work well for you and share. Maintenance includes, in particular, regular monitoring of the battery voltage. The circuit shown in Figure 1 is suitable for most types of batteries. It contains a reference LED REF , which operates at a constant current of 1 mA and provides a reference light output of constant intensity, independent of battery voltage.

This constancy is provided by a resistor R1 connected in series with the LED. Therefore, even if the voltage of a fully charged battery drops to a full discharge, the current through it will change by only 10%. Thus, we can assume that the radiation intensity remains constant in the battery voltage range corresponding to the transition from the state of full charge to full discharge.

The luminous flux of the measurement LED VAR changes according to changes in the battery voltage. By placing the LEDs close to each other, you can easily compare the brightness of their glow, and thus determine the status of the battery. Use diffused lens LEDs as clear lens fixtures irritate your eyes. Provide sufficient optical isolation for the LEDs so that the light from one LED does not hit the lens of another.

Measuring LED operation

The meter LED operates at a current ranging from 10mA with a fully charged battery to less than 1mA with a fully discharged battery. A zener diode D z with a series resistor R 2 is necessary so that the current has a sharp dependence on the battery voltage. The sum of the zener voltage and the voltage drop across the LED should be slightly less than the lowest battery voltage. This voltage drops across the resistor R 2 . Changes in the battery voltage cause large changes in the current of the resistor R 2 . If the voltage is about 1V, 10mA of current flows through the LED VAR and it glows much brighter than the LED REF . If the voltage is lower than 0.1 V, the intensity of LED VAR var will be less than that of LED REF . indicating that the battery is low.

DIY battery charge indicator- immediately after the battery is charged, the voltage on it exceeds 13 V. This is safe for the circuit, since the current is limited to 10 mA. If the LEDs are bright, quickly release the S 1 1 button (to prevent damage to them (Figure 2). Although in the example in Figure 2 the charge indicator is connected to a 12-volt lead-acid battery, you can easily adapt this circuit to other battery types.Also, you can use it to monitor the voltage.

Two green LEDs induce the state when the battery charge exceeds 60%. A set of red LEDs indicates that the battery has fallen below 20%. The LED REFG and LED REFR are connected through resistors R 1 and R 2 with a resistance of 10 kOhm. Consistent measuring LEDs, the brightness of which changes, include zener diodes and resistors R 3 and R 4 with a resistance of 100 ohms. Diodes D 1 , D 2 and D 3 set the required clamping voltage. The dependence of the brightness of the LEDs on the state of the battery is shown in Table 1.

The following expression can be used to calculate the intensity of the green measurement LED:

V BATT = 10 G x 100 + V D1 + V D2 + V LEDG + V DZ1

V BATT =10 3 x 100+0.6+0.6+1.85+9.1=1225V.

The voltage drop on the LEDs used at a forward current of 1 mA is 1.85 V. If the characteristics of the LEDs differ, the resistances of the resistors must be recalculated. At this voltage, the LEDs glow the same, which corresponds to a battery charge of 60%. A description of lead-acid batteries can be found at. The following expression can be used to calculate the light intensity of the red measuring LED:

V BATT = I R x IOO + V D3 + V LEDR + V ZD2

At 1 mA green LED current

V BATT \u003d 10 -3 x 100 +0.6 + 1.85 + 9.1 \u003d 11.65 V.

Since both red LEDs glow the same at this voltage, it means that the battery is 20% charged. The LED VARG varg is off. Figure 3 shows that both measurement LEDs are brighter than the reference LEDs, indicating that the battery is 100% charged.

Not all cars have an indicator that displays the battery charge level. The motorist must independently monitor this indicator, periodically checking it with a voltmeter, after disconnecting the battery from the machine's electrical network. However, a simple electronic device will allow you to get approximate figures without leaving the cabin.

The choice of circuit and components

Finished construction

Structurally, a self-made battery charge control indicator consists of an electronic unit, on the body of which there are three LEDs: red, blue and green. The choice of color may be different - it is important that when one of them is activated, the information received is correctly interpreted.

Due to the small size of the device, you can use an ordinary prototyping board. The optimal scheme of the device is preselected. You can find several models, but the most common and therefore workable version of the battery charge indicator is shown in the figure.

Diagram of the board and its components

Before installing the components, it is necessary to arrange them on the printed circuit board according to the diagram. Only then can you cut it to the desired size. It is important that the indicator has a minimum size. If you plan to install it in a housing, you should take into account its internal dimensions.

This circuit is designed to control the operation of a car battery with a mains voltage of 6 to 14 V. For other values ​​of this parameter, the characteristics of the components should be changed. Their list is shown in the table.

Top Related Articles