After the appearance digital television many users wanted to switch to its reception. It's not just about frequent discussions and the desire to try a new product. Signal quality is an order of magnitude higher, and ease of access increases attractiveness. It is possible to connect digital TV to outdated CRT models using additional devices, and to modern TVs.
Digital signal reception methods
There are several ways to connect quality signal for TV:
- Cable TV. Reception is carried out via a common cable. The disadvantage is the subscription fee and not ubiquitous availability;
- Satellite television. Signal transmission is carried out via satellites, and reception - using an individual dish. You also need a subscription fee plus the purchase of special equipment;
- Broadcast television. The digital TV signal spreads from terrestrial repeaters, you can receive it from an antenna, indoor or outdoor. It is perfect free method watching TV programs in a modern format. It has drawbacks: often a low signal level, the quality of the picture can be affected by the weather, the location of the tower, etc.
The least expensive way is to receive digital television through an antenna installed and configured by the user.
How does digital television work
The transmission of picture and sound for digital television is performed by encoding the video signal and sound over digital channels. Digital coding differs from analog coding by immunity to interference (external obstacles). A blurry, indistinct picture, stripes are impossible here. The image is either clear or completely absent.
If the reception is not sure, then it is possible that the picture will disintegrate into squares, from time to time disappear and reappear. It depends on how you tune the antenna. Alternatively, you can install a different antenna or raise and unfold the existing one, pointing it at the TV tower.
Necessary equipment for viewing
- Antenna;
- A separate set-top box with DVB tuner T2, which supports the MPEG 4 standard and can operate in Multiple PLP mode.
The antenna can be used with a conventional analog antenna. If the TV is released relatively recently, then it may have a built-in tuner desired format(outdated DVB format T is no longer supported). Then you do not need to acquire anything else.
To find out if there is a built-in DVB T2 tuner, you can look at the data in the data sheet. It is even easier to find a TV model on the Internet and get a comprehensive answer.
Choosing a digital tuner
At first glance, all set-top boxes are the same. The main thing is not to be mistaken in the main technical characteristics. But there are other features that affect further work equipment and the breadth of functions covered:
- The absence of buttons on the external panel of the set-top box will oblige you to use it only with the help of the remote control, which is not always convenient;
- If the tuner does not have a USB port, this technique cannot be used as a media player. If available, you can record TV shows and play photos and videos.
Important! A box with a separate power supply is a good choice. It is usually built inside. The most common reason for a tuner failure is a defective power supply. If it breaks down, you need to repair or replace the entire set-top box, and the removed power supply unit must be replaced separately without problems.
Many people hang the TV on the wall, and quite high. Then it is inconvenient to use the usual construction of the attachment. There are equipment modifications - compact set-top boxes that are attached to the back of the TV with adhesive tape. The strength of the fastening must be considered. Such a receiver is controlled by a remote control through a separate sensor attached to the same tape on the outer panel of the TV. Power is supplied via a wire from the USB port of the TV.
The set-top box can also be used in conjunction with a computer monitor (if there is an HDMI port). Then you can watch digital TV from a conventional antenna. If the built-in TV tuner fails, it can be easily replaced using the receiver.
What channels are available for viewing
To watch free digital channels through a regular antenna, the 2017 list contains two multiplexes:
- first RTRS 1 - frequency 546 MHz, channel 30;
- second RTRS 2 - frequency 498 MHz, channel 24.
The technical data are valid for Moscow and the region. They may differ in other regions. A total of twenty television channels and 3 more radio programs are available.
Important! The TV does not catch additional channels. Antenna tuning will not affect the number of received channels, but only their quality.
How to locate a TV tower
Users living in the city, in the area of reception of the signal from the TV tower, are not puzzled by such questions. But for the inhabitants of remote towns and villages, the information is relevant. What knowledge is needed to better choice and correct setting antennas:
- The exact location of the tower and the distance to it;
- Technical parameters (channels and broadcasting frequencies), using which you can catch digital signal in the area. This is necessary in order for the user to manually tune the TV channels on the set-top box;
- Whether the entire list of channels is available for reception. There may be one or two packages.
Full information about TV towers is on the official website of the RTRS. There are maps where you need to search string enter the name of a specific settlement. A map of the area will immediately open, on which all transmitting TV towers are indicated (green - operating, black - under construction). If you click on the cursor hovering over the selected village, information will be available about where and for how many kilometers operating transmitters are installed, channel numbers (TVK), broadcasting frequency, number of packets).
The active menu includes a function, by activating which you can find out the coverage areas of individual repeaters.
Now, armed with knowledge, it is necessary to determine whether it is enough to install an indoor antenna or an outdoor, more powerful one is required.
Antenna types
An analog signal is received by the MV antenna. Antennas DVB are more compact. There are combined samples that can accept both ranges. From such a combined design, you can remove unnecessary items, and you get an excellent UHF antenna. For example, if there is a long mustache (an element for the MB signal), they can be removed.
All antennas are divided into:
- active;
- passive.
Active are those in which amplifiers are used. An antenna with an amplifier must be connected to a power source. If you are using a receiver, 5-volt power for the amplifier is supplied through the receiver. This is done in the menu settings. The option is called "Antenna Power".
Amplifier does not always mean best welcome, in some cases, its use will even harm:
- In the area next to the TV tower, turning on the amplifier can lead to the complete disappearance of reception due to a too strong signal;
- The amplifier is the weakest element of the antenna, often failing. Plus a power supply unit and additional wires, which also require repair and replacement;
- The intensity of the TV signal itself is provided by the design of the antenna. And the amplifier in parallel increases the level of noise and interference;
- If you want to connect another TV to passive antenna it's easier to do.
Passive designs do not have additional amplification; they are usually used in areas with a stable signal.
Antenna selection and installation
An old antenna may be suitable for receiving a digital signal if it consists of short elements or a combined one. In the presence of working serviceable antennas, it remains only to find out whether they will effectively catch the "digital" in local conditions.
The decimeter signal does not have a wide coverage area. Therefore, for its distribution, it is necessary to build a network of transmitters. The surrounding landscape, the presence of high-rise buildings, mountains, woodlands, the power of the repeater strongly affect the signal quality. Antenna installation should be done with all these factors in mind.
Zone of confident reception
A stable and reliable signal zone is considered to be an area within a radius of no more than 10 km from a television tower. Here, a simple indoor antenna will do a great job of receiving reception. If you have an amplifier, you do not need to use it.
If the signal disappears, the image breaks, then it is necessary to connect the existing amplifier through the attachment, using the corresponding menu item. Power will be supplied via the antenna cable.
Multi-storey buildings can be a problem due to the reflection of decimeter waves. But the same reflection can be used. Let's say the antenna does not catch when it is oriented towards the TV tower. Aim it at nearby tall buildings, reception of the reflected signal will probably be much more effective.
It is necessary to check the presence of electrical appliances (third-party power supplies, etc.) near the room antenna, as well as metal blinds on the windows. They can significantly attenuate the signal.
Short circuit
There are times when the set-top box suddenly stopped responding to the use of the remote control, buttons, the image and sound disappear, and the screen displays “ Antenna short". The problem does not mean that digital television is not working. There is simply a short circuit in the antenna cable or in the receiving device itself.
Why did the short circuit happen? There may be several reasons:
- The presence of a short circuit in the cable associated with careless installation, in all likelihood, at the points of connections. The antenna plug can only be damaged by a factory defect;
- An active receiving device is in operation, the amplifier is powered. The amplifier is sensitive to lightning discharges and can be damaged during bad weather;
- A passive antenna is connected, and the amplifier's power is turned on in the receiver menu. Passive devices are often short-circuited.
In the latter case, you need to disconnect the receiver from the mains, separate the antenna from it, then turn on the power again, on the connected tuner in the menu settings, set the “Antenna Power” to the “Off” position.
Important! Finding and eliminating the causes short circuit is performed after separating the set-top box from the mains.
Area remote from the TV tower
The distance is considered to be more than 30 kilometers from the repeater. With a powerful transmitter and line of sight, we install a small receiving device such as a wave channel or log-periodic. You need to direct the antenna towards the TV tower. In such conditions, it is even possible to use a room unit with an amplifier.
With an increase in distance and when a settlement is in low places, the requirements for the antenna increase. More powerful samples are needed. A good receiving device necessarily includes an amplifier, and its boom is quite long. There are samples with multiple arrows, but they will only be needed in extremely bad conditions.
Many users have a Polish antenna, since in the recent past it was popular due to its democratic cost. Its other name is lattice. Can this design be adapted for digital TV?
It is fully functional, but a number of changes are required. Antenna amplifier does not help, but interferes with signal reception. Therefore, it must be taken out of work. Simply disconnecting the power supply is often ineffective. More reliable - dismantle on the amplifier board tv cable and connect it in the same place to the two upper bolts: to one - the central core, to the other - the shielding braid. Thus, the amplifier is excluded from the circuit, and the antenna becomes passive.
Antenna and TV Tuning
There are several ways to properly tune a digital signal. The choice depends on the conditions of admission.
Autosearch
This method is the simplest, but it requires a strong steady signal... The equipment is installed, included in the work, digital channels are selected in the settings menu, and auto search is turned on. TV in automatic mode finds and saves the entire channel list.
Manual mode
For example, in autosearch mode, the TV cannot catch anything. Or noisy channels were found. These pictures are not digital. Perhaps the TV went through the entire frequency range and caught a few analogue channels.
Now it will be useful to know the numbers of TV channels (TVCs) through which the signal is transmitted for each multiplex. Information about the location of the TV broadcaster will also come in handy for directing the antenna in the right direction. If the house is surrounded by other residential buildings, you can navigate by neighboring receiving devices, but not by satellite dishes who "look" at their satellite.
- In the menu you need to enter manual setting after selecting DTV (digital television);
- Enter the channel number or its frequency by dialing from the remote control;
- Two indicators will appear at the bottom of the menu, displaying the strength of the TV signal and its quality. Sometimes there is one indicator;
- When even a small signal is present, you can begin to rotate and move the antenna to achieve its amplification. It is not worth waiting for an instant reaction when changing the position of the receiving device. It will appear in a few seconds. The search should be carried out stepwise, with pauses. When the antenna is outdoor, it is difficult for one to do this, it is better to take an assistant;
- Immediately after the appearance stable signal With good level you can start searching for channels and saving;
- The channels of the second multiplex are tuned in the same way, if its reception is technically possible in the given area.
Important! If the signal disappeared, then it reappeared with the filling of the scale at 100%, and so it continues in turn, this means no reception.
Complete lack of signal reception
This situation is typical for particularly unfavorable conditions, in low places, closed by mountains, next to high-rise buildings, with far-away low-power towers.
The search for a TV signal must be manual. At the same time, for its initial display on the indicators, you need to show patience and endurance, having tried different methods:
- Purchase a powerful active antenna;
- If there are other towers nearby, you can sometimes try manual search on a TV set to alternative repeaters. Perhaps the signal transmission conditions will be better;
- A good effect is given by raising the antenna to a height using a mast;
- When the TV tower is located close, and the house is in the center of an area densely built up with high-rise buildings, you should not rush to buy an expensive powerful receiving device. It is better to experiment with the reflected signal, alternately aiming the antenna in different sides to neighboring buildings or place it on the roof.
Tuning through the receiver
Older TVs, models without built-in tuners with DVB support T2 requires adjustment through the receiver.
CRT TVs are connected to digital set-top box Cinch (RCA) cables, LCD models - HDMI cable. In the first case, when setting up, the AV mode is selected, in the second - HDMI. The mode is selected from the TV remote control. On the consoles, the choice of modes is located under different buttons: INPUT, SOURCE, VIDEO, just a rectangle with an arrow.
Subsequent configuration is performed using autosearch or manual using a set-top box. The antenna must be connected to the set-top box.
Receiving a digital television signal on a conventional antenna is an easy way to provide yourself with a high-quality picture, requiring minimal financial costs and physical effort. With the development of the network of TV towers, the signal reception conditions will improve.
Video
In most apartments and even private houses within any even a small town, there are almost no problems with the quality of television signal reception, since cable television is almost everywhere. In most apartment buildings in cities with a population of over one million, several cable TV operators can be present, which gives residents a fairly good choice.
But as you move away from the city center, the availability of high quality cable TV is gradually "reduced to naught." And outside the city, as a rule, cable TV completely absent.
Therefore, summer residents for the most part are content with watching several channels at most. terrestrial television, which manages to catch on. And image quality is often poor... Especially if the summer cottage is located far from the emitting station of terrestrial television, then on the TV screen you can see a lot of interference from "snow" to "stripes" and black and white image instead of a color picture.
Over the greater territory of Russia, terrestrial television is still transmitted to analog format... This method of signal transmission has one significant disadvantage: signal-to-noise ratio drops dramatically with distance from the emitter.
Noise (interference) with distance from the TV center begins to dominate more and more over the main signal. This is exactly what is shown in the appearance of "snow" on the screen. If the cottage or village is very far from the transmitting station, then the noise will eventually interrupt the signal completely, and it becomes completely impossible to watch a TV channel.
Now the country is introducing the transmission of a TV signal in digital format, and over time it is planned to completely abandon the transmission television programs in analog format.
What is the advantage of digital TV over analog TV?
Signal transmission "digitally encoded" in comparison with direct transmission in analog format gives several advantages:
- Improving the noise immunity of transmission and recording paths for television signals.
- Reducing the power of the transmitters.
- A significant increase in the number of TV programs broadcast in the same frequency range.
- Improving the image and sound quality in TV receivers.
- Creation of TV systems with new standards of image decomposition (high definition television).
- Creation of interactive TV systems, using which the viewer gets the opportunity to influence the broadcast program (for example, video on demand).
- Start Transfer function.
- Archive of TV programs and recording of TV programs.
- Transmission of various additional information in the TV signal.
- Choice of language (more usual two) and subtitles.
- Extension functionality studio equipment.
- Ability to add radio to multiplexes
But there are also some limitations:
- Fading and scattering of the picture into "squares" with an insufficient level of the received signal, the data is either received qualitatively at 100% or restored, or poorly received with the impossibility of recovery.
- Almost complete signal fading in a thunderstorm.
- Even a transmitter with a power of 10 kW and a suspension height of a transmitting antenna of 350 m provides reliable reception at a distance of 50 km, and, as a result, the need for a larger number of transmitting centers than with analog TV (more frequent location of transmitting antennas).
Since we are discussing from the point of view of an ordinary user, basically only image quality, then we can single out only one main feature of digital terrestrial TV over the outdated analog one:
Digital TV is highly immune to interference... For this, the signal is encoded with some redundancy. Digital tuner will give a perfect picture even when there is a lot of interference. And he will do this until the signal-to-noise ratio drops to a minimum, when the signal arrives completely on the verge of the capabilities of the equipment.
That is, in analog broadcasting, as the signal level drops, you will see the picture worse and worse. In digital broadcasting, you will not notice a drop in the signal until the tuner is already able to recover the lost parts of the image, and it “falls into squares” and then disappears altogether.
Types of digital television
By transmission channel, digital TV can be divided into four types:
- Cable (DVB-C)
- Terrestrial (DVB-T2)
- Satellite (DVB-S)
- Internet TV (IP TV)
We will not consider cable TV and IP television at the dacha due to their great rarity. But satellite and terrestrial digital television broadcasting in the country is relevant.
Moreover, satellite DTV has been used by consumers for quite a long time, and in especially remote areas there are no alternatives at all. We will consider it in a separate article.
But on-air DTV began to enter the life of gardeners and summer residents relatively recently. Let's talk about him in more detail today.
Terrestrial digital television in the country
Terrestrial network digital TV broadcasting in the Russian Federation still in the process of construction and available so far mainly near large cities... But it already covers a significant part of the dacha territories. Therefore, the issue of connection is becoming very relevant lately.
How to connect to terrestrial DTV?
If you want to try to connect digital television in the country, first you need to determine Does your site fall within the coverage area of one of the DTV transmitting antennas... The location of the site will determine how your TV receiver will pick up the digital signal.Most reliable way to find out this - to interview the neighbors in the summer cottage, perhaps one of them is already watching TV channels in digital form... Then you can be completely sure that "the signal is reaching you."
If no one in the district has ever heard of digital TV, then you need to try to find out if your site falls within the boundaries broadcasting radius of the local emitting DTV station.
Coverage area
The broadcasting radius of a DTV station usually lies within 20-50 km, depending on the terrain and building density. On average, about 30 km is reliable reception area.
Each region has its own local organization – on-air DTV operator, which is responsible for building and maintaining the network. On their website, you can usually see the locations of broadcasting stations and even coverage maps. Or you can get information from them by phone or written request.
The DTV network in the Russian Federation is being built by the Federal State Unitary Enterprise Russian Television and Radio Broadcasting Network.
Each region has a subdivision of this organization.
You can call and find out everything by the phones of your region from the page.
If you are lucky, and you found out that your summer residence is in the "digital" broadcasting zone, then it's time to decide on necessary equipment for receiving DTV.
Equipment
So, you already have a TV set at your dacha, a plot in the DTV broadcasting zone. We proceed to the installation of digital television in the country. What else do you need to receive a signal? At the very least, you need an antenna.
Antenna for receiving digital television
Universal antenna MV / UHF for digital TV reception
If the digital TV tower is nearby, then it is enough and indoor antenna... I will say even more, I personally was sure to catch the DTV signal in the city of Ufa with a meter piece of wire.
If the signal level is not so perfect, then you will need to install an antenna in the country to receive digital channels. Now most of the antennas on the market are well suited for this, since they support reception of signals in the decimeter range (UHF / UHF).
For example, you can put the antenna "GAL", "Locus", "Zenith", "Meridian", "Ether", etc. I bought my antenna in Auchan for 1000 rubles.
If you know the exact location of the DTV tower, then everything is simple: pointing the antenna on her and that's it. This is usually enough to pick up the signal and watch digital TV without any problems.
If the exact direction is not known, then you need to gradually turn the antenna until you find the best position. Most digital set-top boxes have signal level and quality indicator which is displayed on the TV screen and from which you can find the best antenna position. This is usually done together: one person turns the antenna, the second monitors the signal level.
When you have found the maximum possible signal level and the antenna is installed in the desired direction, you need to search for channels on the set-top box.
Setting up digital television in the country
The easiest way is to find the item "Autosearch for channels" in the STB menu, and then the STB will do everything by itself: it will find all available digital channels and number them in order.
Digital terrestrial television channel list
Now for the fun part: what channels does digital TV show for free?
Since my dacha is in the suburbs of Ufa, and I write from my own experience, it means that I am considering digital terrestrial television in Ufa. But as far as I understand, list of channels throughout Russia will be the same, with rare exceptions, so the information will be useful to everyone, not just the residents of Bashkortostan.
At our dacha, DTV shows 20 channels: 10 for each multiplex.
Digital TV Channel List
Here full list channels in Ufa:
| 1 | "First channel" |
| 2 | "Russia 1" |
| 3 | "Match TV" |
| 4 | "NTV" |
| 5 | "Petersburg-5 channel" |
| 6 | "Russia K" |
| 7 | "Russia 24" |
| 8 | "Carousel" |
| 9 | "Public television of Russia" |
| 10 | "TV Center - Moscow" |
| 11 | REN TV |
| 12 | "SAVED" |
| 13 | "The first entertaining STS" |
| 14 | "Home" |
| 15 | "TV-3" |
| 16 | Friday |
| 17 | "STAR" |
| 18 | "PEACE" |
| 19 | TNT |
| 20 | "Muz TV" |
I hope I helped you understand all the nuances of digital TV. If you have any questions, write, I will definitely try to help you.
How to connect several dvb t2 consoles to one antenna? One antenna can connect a large number of digital terrestrial consoles... Depending on the number of attachments and their location, they are used for these purposes. various schemes connections.
Connecting digital set-top boxes to a passive antenna
If the antenna is conventional, without an amplifier, then the set-top boxes are connected through an ether divider, such as SAH 204F for two TVs, such as SAH 306F for three TVs, in total, you can connect a maximum of eight TVs with a divider such as SAH 812 F. When you need to connect more TVs, then combinations are used dividers and couplers.If, when dividing the signal into attachments, the signal power is not enough, then an amplifier with autonomous power supply must be installed at the input of the divider.
Fig. 1. Wiring diagram for connecting three DVB-T2 set-top boxes to a passive antenna
Fig. 2. Wiring diagram for two attachments through the loop output of the receiver 1 (attachments)
The second set-top box, receiver 2, can be connected to the antenna via the loop output of receiver 1. Power is supplied to the active antenna from receiver 1.
Which connection option should you choose from the proposed ones? Probably, everything is determined by the conditions for wiring a television cable in a house or apartment.
Connecting digital set-top boxes to an active antenna
An active antenna usually refers to an antenna equipped with an amplifier. The antenna amplifier built into the antenna matching device must receive power, which is most often supplied through coaxial cable connected to the antenna.If there is a single digital set-top box, then the supply voltage is supplied to antenna amplifier from the antenna jack of the set-top box, and when two or more set-top boxes are connected to the antenna, then the use of special dividers with a power pass, for example, satellite ones, is required.
The supply voltage from each of the attachments goes to the divider, and then from the input of the divider to the antenna amplifier.
Fig. 3. Power supply from the set-top box to the active antenna
Attention! Connecting antennas equipped with an antenna amplifier with a supply voltage of more than 10 V to a digital set-top box will have a negative effect. Connecting to a set-top box, with activated antenna power, antennas without an amplifier, but only with a matching device, can damage the set-top box.
You will need
- - antenna amplifier;
- - splitter;
- - antenna cable;
- - knife (scalpel);
- - nippers;
- - soldering iron.
Instructions
When unstable and insufficient strong signal use an aerial amplifier when connecting the cable. To connect several television receivers, also prepare a splitter (scrub).
Amplifier, splitter and antenna cable install in close proximity to the TV distribution. In a private house, it is more convenient to do this in the attic. If there is no TV wiring, extend cable directly to the place where the TV will be installed.
By assembling cable, lead it outside the wall or attach it to internal communications, and hide it inside the room under the baseboards.
Connect the cable lead from the antenna to the corresponding terminal on the amplifier. From it, the signal is fed to a divider, directly to which television receivers are connected.
When using a satellite dish, use an intermediate device - the receiver. In this case, connect the cable directly to the receiver via the antenna jack.
Before connecting the cable to antenna prepare it for connection. Cut the upper braid of the cable with a sharp knife or scalpel approximately 40 mm from the end. Peel back the shield under the braid and expose the next insulating layer.
Peel off the cut off part of the second insulating layer, leaving the copper strand exposed. Strip the core with the tip of a knife and cut to the required length (approx. 20 mm).
Screw the bottom of the detachable plug onto the braid, threading the cable core into the plug. Insert the bare core into the second part of the plug and screw both parts on. Carefully remove the remnants of the antenna cable sheathing. The cable is ready for connection.
Before turning on television receiver carefully check the correct connection of the switching devices and the reliability of the fastening of the plugs in the sockets. If the screen displays weak signal or ripples, adjust the antenna amplifier referring to the technical documentation supplied with it.
Sources:
- how to connect antenna cable
Satellite television is becoming more and more popular. Conventional antennas cannot give the image of the desired quality. But using a plate, everyone can watch TV channels in digital format... Purchase necessary equipment costs a lot, so people sometimes look for a way to save money. For example, you can connect your TV to satellite dish on one's own. All modern TV satellites operate in the Ku-band (10.7-12.7 GHz).
Instructions
First, you need to choose an installation location. It is important that from the installation point to is open. All satellites are located in a southerly direction, from southwest to southeast. You can calculate the position of the cymbal using two formulas.
Formula for calculating the elevation angle:
F = arctan (/ sqrt (1 - Cos2 (g2 - g1) x Cos2 (v)])
Formula for calculating azimuth:
φ = 180 ° + arctan (tg (g2 - g1) / sin (v))
g1 is the longitude of the satellite, g2 is the longitude of the receiving location, v is the latitude of the receiving location.
The SATTV program will also help you in this matter.
Make sure that there are no obstacles at all. Buildings, trees - all this will be a hindrance. But at the same time, it should be located in an easily accessible place for you.
Assembly instructions should be included with the antenna. Accurately following it, you will be able to cope with the installation yourself without any problems. The support must be fixed very rigidly. Be careful not to damage the parabolic mirror. Even small deviations lead to signal degradation.
Now you can start connecting the equipment. In this case, you, being near the equipment, should see and. You may probably need it. The converter is connected with a cable. Will appear dark screen... Now you need to set the frequency for the receiver using the on-screen menu.
Next, you need to tighten the screws that adjust the movement in the azimuth and elevation directions. But do this not all the way, but so that you can move the cymbal up and down and left and right, making some effort. In this case, the antenna should be stationary, if not touched.
Read the instructions for the equipment carefully. Each plate can have special requirements to installation.
The second and even the third TV at home is not a luxury, but an integral part of a comfortable life. But in order to enjoy it to the fullest, you need to properly connect the antenna.
You will need
- - antenna splitter;
- - TV cable;
- - plugs;
- - knife.
Instructions
Select the place where you plan to install the antenna splitter... Mark the future locations of the splitter and your television receivers.
Take a tape measure and measure the distance to each of the TVs that you will connect. Write down the result. Add up the measurements. You have received the total cable length. Add to this number a couple of meters for belay.
Buy the required amount of cable, as well as everything you need: splitter, plugs (according to the number of TVs), mounting brackets (if you are going to mount the cable to the wall). When purchasing, check if the inner diameter of the splitter nuts matches the outer diameter of the cable.
Cut the cable into pieces according to your measurements. Use a sharp knife to remove the outer sheath from the end of the cable. Separate the foil shield and braid from the center and bend over the uncleaned part of the cable. Be careful not to cut them accidentally. Also strip the central part of the cable.
Slide the splitter nut onto the end of the cable. Peel back the shield and braiding. Insert the center core of the cable into the socket of the splitter and tighten the nut. Repeat these steps for the rest of the cable sections. Anchor splitter at the selected location.
Run each piece of cable to the TV for which it is intended. If necessary, fix it using purchased brackets or put it in the skirting board cable channel.
Place the plug on the free end of the cable. To do this, prepare the cable as described above. Put on the plug cap. Peel back the shield and braiding. Insert the center wire into the hole in the plug and secure with the screw. Crimp the braid around the cable sheath with a cable tie. Screw the cap onto the body. Insert the plug into the TV aerial socket.
Switch on all televisions to evaluate the reception quality. If it does not suit your requirements, you need to install an antenna amplifier.
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Useful advice
A dedicated cable cutter can be used instead of a knife.
Receiver working on ultrashort waves, has long become commonplace. We use the radio at home, in the country, and even in the car. But with distance from the broadcasting station, the signal quality deteriorates noticeably. It is not always possible to install an effective receiving antenna, so the solution to the problem may be to use an antenna amplifier. If you know how to handle a soldering iron and understand the fundamental electronic circuits, you can make such amplifier do it yourself.
Instructions
Check out schematic diagram antenna amplifier. It is made on a low-noise transistor providing a gain of about 20 dB. At the input, low-pass filters with a cut-off frequency of 115 ... 120 MHz and a high-pass filter with a cut-off frequency of 60 ... 65 MHz are connected in series. This allows you to amplify the signals of broadcasting stations operating in the VHF range.
List the required parts. In addition to the transistor, you will need several resistors and capacitors, as well as inductors. The parameters of the elements are shown in the figure for step 1.
Take the transistor type KT3120A or KT368A (the second option is less preferable). It is advisable to use imported capacitors in the device, similar in parameters to domestic K10-17. Resistors of MLT and C2-33 types will be quite suitable for the amplifier. Wrap the coils from the PEV wire using a mandrel with a diameter of 4 mm. Coil L1 contains 3.5 turns and L2 contains 4.5 turns of wire.
If you plan to use amplifier in the car receiver, add two relays and an additional power filter to the circuit. When power is applied, both relays turn on amplifier between the antenna and the receiver. When the power is turned off, the input of the receiver is connected to the antenna. Be sure to provide the car version of the amplifier with a metal case.
Prepare a printed circuit board made of fiberglass foil-coated on both sides for mounting the device elements. The pattern of the printed tracks can be different (depending on the layout of the parts you choose). Leave the other side of the board metallized and connect with foil along the contour to the common conductor of the upper side. Make the board for the automotive version of the amplifier more elongated so that you can easily place the power filter and relay on it.
Assembled amplifier connect between the input of the receiver and the antenna socket, making the connection as short as possible with a shielded cable. When installing the device in a car, place it near the receiver in a shielded casing.
Check how effectively the device amplifies the signal. If necessary, reduce the capacitance of the capacitors and increase the inductance of the coils (but not more than one and a half times). Please note that in an urban environment where the signal strength of radio stations is high, the antenna amplifier should be turned off to avoid signal distortion.
Sources:
- antenna amplifier make
If your TV is located at a considerable distance from television antenna either from a satellite TV cable, you have to make a little effort to lengthen the cable. In this case, there is no need to move furniture along with appliances.
You will need
- - antenna cable;
- - F-connector;
- - I-connector;
- - antenna amplifier;
- - soldering iron;
- - solder;
- - insulating tape.
Instructions
See which antenna cable brought to your apartment. It could be cable with solid or stranded wire in the center.
Buy an additional television cable the required length, having previously measured it and added a couple of meters. Necessarily the same type as the existing one. This can usually be done in any store that sells television and radio equipment, or on the radio market.
Buy two F- and one I-connectors, i.e. two male connectors and one female connector. You can also use one male-to-female mated connector.
Prepare both cables. To do this, cut the edge of the cable evenly, carefully cut about 15-20 millimeters of the top layer of insulation. Most importantly, do not damage the cable sheath. Also, carefully wrap the braid back, remove the foil that covers cable.
Expose the center wire by cutting off 10-15 millimeters of insulation from it. Try not to break or cut it off with a careless movement.
Enter cable into male F-connector. Screw it on until it stops. In this case, the core of the central cable should fit into the protruding central connector, and the wrapped braid will be clamped between the outer sheath of the cable and the connector body. A small piece of wire from the central core will protrude beyond the outer edge of the connector. Cut it off with scissors or wire cutters, leaving about 2-3 millimeters.
Do you want to watch your favorite TV channels in high quality for free? Use the digital terrestrial service DVB television T2. In many countries this standard has already become the main one over the past few years. Unfortunately, in Russia it is just beginning to gain popularity. For today, the 20 most popular are already available Russian channels, and in the near future, the organization responsible for the development of technology promises to add another package of channels.
If you need to pay a regular monthly fee for cable TV subscription fee, then the benefits of digital terrestrial television are obvious - having paid only once for a set of equipment, after about a year its cost is fully paid off and in the future you watch TV for free. In addition, it is very rare that you need the entire package of channels that are provided by cable or satellite providers.
In today's material, we will tell you in detail what features the DVB T2 digital terrestrial television service has, as well as what is needed for self installation and equipment settings. Once armed with knowledge, installation terrestrial antennas will be very simple and you can save significant money by refusing to call the wizard. So let's get started.
More recently, terrestrial television was associated with poor quality Images, big amount various interference, as well minimal set channels. It was necessary to manually tune each frequency separately, while different channels could work in different bands, which led to the fact that it was necessary to install several antennas or one multi-band. In some cases, and along with the signal, Additional Information, for example, teletext, when it was possible to receive information about a TV program or various entertainment content directly on the TV screen. Today, in the era of the Internet, such additional services have lost their relevance, but in the era of high-quality video and high-resolution screens, high-quality television pictures have become more in demand than ever. Therefore, a digital television standard was developed.
It is the use digital technologies allowed to reach completely new level quality. If earlier for this it was necessary to use exclusively satellite television, which entailed additional installation difficulties, and the set of equipment was not affordable for everyone, now it is enough to install and configure an almost ordinary decimeter antenna, in some cases an amplifier as well set-top box... And if you consider that many modern TVs already have a built-in DVB receiver T2, you can get by with just one inexpensive antenna.
Let's take a closer look at the advantages and disadvantages of T2 digital terrestrial television.
Advantages:
In spite of great amount pluses, there are a number of certain disadvantages:
The state of digital television in Russia
In a way, Russia has lagged behind other European countries. Their television format DVB T2 long ago became generally accepted standards and in many places analogue broadcasting is not conducted at all. In Russia, today, there is a transitional stage, when everyone realizes the need to abandon analog television but the digital infrastructure is underdeveloped yet. In general, in most large cities you can easily get the number, but if you live in very remote regions, you will either have to be content with one multiplex, or just be patient. Fortunately, there are practically no such places left, the signal covers by and large all settlements.
Now let's talk about filling channel packages or, as they are officially called, multiplexes. Today there are 2 multiplexes broadcasting 10 channels each. In the coverage area of digital terrestrial television DVB T2, reception of the first multiplex is guaranteed, while the second is not yet available everywhere. There are talks about the launch of the third package, but due to the lack of frequency resources and the need to free up frequencies for it by disconnecting analog broadcast the launch date is still unknown.
What channels are included in each of the packages? At the beginning of May 2017, their composition is as follows:
Please note that the content of multiplexes is not constant and changes from time to time. This has happened several times over the past few years. In any case, the set is quite diverse and channels are provided for every taste and for every audience.
Necessary equipment
So, what kind of equipment you need to purchase to watch digital terrestrial TV DVB T2? Depending on the equipment you already have and the distance from the transmitting center, you may need the following set:
Antenna installation
It is almost impossible to list all special cases and conditions of admission in one article. Therefore, we will only give general recommendations which should be taken into account when installing an antenna for digital television DVB T2.
Room
Place the antenna on a windowsill and turn it towards the transmitting tower. Make sure there is no radio signal nearby, such as a Wi-Fi router. The distance between them should be at least a few meters.
Outdoor
Outdoor antennas also need to be turned towards the tower and securely fastened so that the wind or other weather could not disturb her position. It is best to first install a reliable bracket and attach it to the wall or roof of the house, and then attach the antenna to it. This will allow you to vary the position of the device. When installing, be sure to note that for fine tuning you will have to rotate it, so do not fix it right away, it is better to do this after the complete installation is complete.
- Don't rush to use the amplifier. Try experimenting without it at first. Twisting the antenna or moving it slightly to the side can sometimes help a lot. If all else fails, only then use the amplifier.
- If you plan to use several TVs, the antenna must be outdoor. By the way, in this article you can learn how to connect multiple TVs to one antenna.
- Minimize situations where the signal is shielded or blocked. For example, do not place the antenna under a metal roof or near a multi-storey building that obstructs a tower, as well as high-voltage lines. True, in some cases, you can use the signal reflected from a tall structure and amplify it with an amplifier.
Fine-tuning the signal quality
You can, of course, accurately catch a signal of proper strength and quality on your own, without using additional equipment... However, in the conditions difficult reception it is best to use a special device for tuning terrestrial antennas. What is such a device? This is usually a small box with a mechanical dial or LCD display that displays the signal strength. On the one hand, the power is connected, and on the other, an input for connecting the antenna cable is provided. Since tuning the antenna according to the visual perception of the image on the screen is not the most reliable, such a device will greatly simplify your task.
- Take the device and connect the antenna cable to it, and also supply power either from the built-in batteries or from an external battery pack.
- Turn the antenna towards the receiver. In case of correct directionality, the device will immediately begin to emit sound signal, and on the scale, numbers or an arrow run in.
- If the device shows insufficient signal strength, change the position of the antenna by turning to the side, raising it higher or lowering it lower. Achieve maximum performance signal.
- Turn off the device, fix the antenna and you can start setting up the equipment.
Connecting the antenna to the TV
With a built-in DVB T2 receiver
- Find on your TV special entrance to connect external antenna... He is usually signed by Ant In.
- Connect the cable from the antenna to this connector. During this time, the TV must be turned off for safety reasons.
- Turn on the TV and activate the digital tuner in the settings.
- Execute automatic search channels.
- Enjoy watching.
When using a digital set-top box tuner
- Connect the cable from your antenna or amplifier to the antenna input on your set-top box.
- Connect the set-top box to the TV. Ideally, this should be an HDMI cable as it provides highest quality video signal. If this interface is not available, connect the two devices using traditional analog connectors, the so-called tulips. There should be 3 of them, they are indicated different colors... These are usually yellow, red and white. Two of them are audio connectors, while the third is video. Most often, the connectors on both the TV and the set-top box have the same color designation, so it is rather difficult to confuse them.
- Turn on the TV and use the remote control to select the source external signal to which the tuner is connected. It can be either HDMI or AV. It all depends on the connection method.
- Perform an automatic search television channels or customize each one manually.
Conclusion
We showed you a detailed step by step guide how to install and configure digital television DVB T2. Now you can watch up to 20 without any problems free channels... If you still have questions, or something does not work out, ask in the comments or contact our masters.
