Greetings, dear friends! Today we will talk about twisted pair crimping, consider methods and varieties. The twisted pair crimping procedure is performed by system administrators and installers. If this is the first time you have encountered this concept (which is unlikely), then you should figure out what a twisted pair is.
This is a connection of wires that forms an Internet cable. It is he who is connected to your computer or router, which distributes the Internet to the whole house. And if the cable is damaged, then it must be cut and crimped. But if you decide to perform this procedure yourself, then you need to know the theory and methods of crimping well. For more detailed explanation Material I added diagrams.
Twisted pair crimping: methods, differences, instructions
In this article, we will consider the following questions:
1. Direct crimping method;
2. Cross method crimping (cross);
Necessary tools for crimping;
Detailed instructions.
ATTENTION! The process itself is quite simple, but I strongly recommend that you first familiarize yourself with the crimping methods in order to understand which one to choose in your case. For example, where a cross crimp is used, the direct crimping method is not always suitable.
What is twisted pair crimping?
Fixing special connectors that are located at the end of the Internet cable is called twisted pair crimping. Today, the most common connectors are 7P8C 8-pin connectors. for providers and system administrators they are known as RJ-45. These connectors can be divided into:
Shielded for STP or FTP cables;
Unshielded - they are used only for crimping UTP cables.
In the photo, the transparent connector is an unshielded connector, and the metal connector is shielded:
Connector selection is important point, as some of them are for professionals only. When buying connectors, warn the seller in advance that you are going to crimp the twisted pair cable yourself. IMPORTANT! I do not recommend purchasing connectors with an insert, since they are designed for stranded and soft cables, it will be very difficult to install such a connector for a solid cable.
You can deal with the connector device yourself. Let's take a closer look at twisted-pair crimping. Inside the connector there are 8 grooves in which you need to place the cable cores. Contacts are installed above each recess. First of all, you need to determine from which side the numbering of these contacts begins. To do this, turn the connector so that the contacts are snapped towards you.
The connector is placed in the connector for the Internet cable, which can be in a computer, router or other device. See how the cable is connected to your computer. On the right is the first contact, on the left is the eighth. Remember this point, so if the arrangement of contacts is incorrect, such a cable will not work.
Schemes for twisted pair crimping and their differences
For crimping, installers use two schemes: EIA/TIA-568A and EIA/TIA-568B. Schemes differ from each other in the location of the cores. Due to the fact that inside the core there are retinues with different insulation, you can repeat both the first and second circuits. The pin numbering and differences between the color schemes are shown below:
Study the location carefully. In diagram 568A, under No. 1 there is a white-green core, under the second number - green, and under the last (eighth) - brown. Purpose of scheme 568A: you need this option if you are going to connect several computers together, that is, create a local network.
As for the 568B scheme, here the first number is a white-orange core, the second is orange, and the eighth is brown. The purpose of the 568V circuit: if you need to connect a computer and a router with an Internet cable, then you need a 568V circuit.
Twisted pair crimping: methods
Depending on the task, two twisted-pair crimping options are used - straight and cross (crossover):
Direct crimping is required to create a cable that connects client devices and different types network equipment to the computer. The connection of network equipment to each other is also carried out using a direct method. It is the most common, since the main operation is to connect the main cable to the router, and then to the computer.
Cross (cross) is used only mainly for one purpose: to connect several computers to each other. Not included in this scheme. network hardware. In rare cases, cross crimping is needed in order to combine old cables and create a common network.
Making a direct crimp
Let's return to the diagrams, 568V is most often used for direct crimping. When crimping, the main condition must be met - both ends must be identical.
In some cases, only two pairs are used to create a straight crimp, rather than the standard four. This cable allows you to connect two pieces of equipment to the network. For example, you can take a router and a computer. This best option For home use. The exchange rate will be 100 Mb/s.
For example, we took the standard RJ-45 scheme, in which two main cores are involved - orange and green. If a different type of crimp is selected, the green core must be changed to blue and the orange to brown. The schema does not change.
Making a cross crimp
When creating a crossover cable, the first end must be crimped according to the 568A scheme, and the second - according to 568B. This is the main difference from the direct crimping method.
As you can see in the diagram, all eight wires will be needed to create such a connection. In some cases, cross crimping is required, providing speeds up to 1000 mb / s. For this purpose, it is applied alternative way crimp as shown below:
Here we see that under the first number there is a white-green vein, and under the eighth - white-blue. The sequence is preserved here, but the differences from scheme 568A are still present due to the fact that the blue and brown pairs have changed each other.
Necessary tools and materials for crimping
So, you are going to compress yourself twisted pair. Before you go to a specialized store, you need to determine the necessary materials with tools:
We will crimp the twisted-pair cable of the fifth category, which is shown in the photo:
Next, you need to purchase two connectors (connectors) of the RJ-45 model. It is recommended to take a plastic cap that will protect the connectors from accidental damage. A cap is also needed to increase the level of protection against dust and moisture. If the cable will lie in a dry room, then this requirement can be considered optional.
The work is carried out with the help of a crimping tool, which the installers call a crimper or crimping pliers. Using the crimper, you can perform not only crimping, but also cutting the cable. It is suitable for RJ-45 connector and RJ-11 phone jack. When purchasing a crimping tool, specify that you will be crimping an RJ-45 connector. The tool looks like this:
We will also need to remove the outer insulation, this procedure is performed using a stripper. If you bought modern crimping pliers, then most likely there is already a connector for this procedure. In any case, a stripper can't hurt either:
This set is suitable for all schemes. After you have chosen the appropriate crimping method, you can proceed to the instructions.
We crimp the twisted pair on our own: step by step instructions
First of all, we need to cut the end of the Internet cable. For this procedure, you can use a crimping tool or a stripper. If there are no blades in the crimping tool, and you did not buy a stripper, then the end of the cable can be cut with a simple knife.
The next step is to remove the insulation. Here we need the same tool as in the previous step. If you work with scissors or a knife, then the procedure must be carried out doubly carefully, the wires should not be damaged when connected. The insulation is removed like this:
The wires must be carefully untwisted, and then parted so that it is convenient to work with them. Now the most main point- we align them and build them in a certain scheme, observing color sequence. The process is identical for circuits 568A and 568B.
We take the tool and bite the wires, we need about 1 centimeter sticking out of the cable.
We take the connector and place it in the wiring connector. IMPORTANT! It is necessary to position the RJ-45 connector in such a way that the latch is at the top and the hole is at the bottom (in principle, you can turn the connector the other way around to crimp the twisted pair, as it suits you). To be sure, look at how the cable is connected to the computer or router connector. Then you definitely can't go wrong.
Before clamping wires, make sure that all wires are fully inserted into the RJ-45 connector. Sometimes the wires are bent, you need to pull them out and insert them again, after aligning them.
Now we place the connector in place for crimping. Pressing the handles should be done smoothly, but strongly. Check that the connector in the tool matches the correct connector. The photo shows the crimping process:
Done, twisted pair crimping completed successfully. As you can see, the procedure is quite simple. The main thing here is to place the wires in the correct sequence. A device called LAN-tester is used to check the cable's performance and correct crimping. If you are not engaged in connecting the Internet, then there is no point in spending money on it.
So, summing up today's topic, it must be said that the first time you crimp a twisted pair, you may not be able to correctly crimp the twisted pair. There is nothing wrong with that, everyone has the right to make a mistake when crimping, as they say. For today I will complete today's article, I hope that in today's material you have fixed for yourself one more useful experience, which, as practice shows, can be useful in any case.
Life without the Internet is unthinkable for many inhabitants of the earth. It is necessary for work, study, leisure, it is used in offices and at home. There are three types of cable to connect a computer to the network: coaxial, twisted pair or fiber optic. The first one is no longer used today, the last one costs a lot, and the second one is used actively and everywhere.
How to conduct a twisted pair cable in a house or apartment
twisted pair- this is the cable that is used for laying computer network. The provider brings it into the room when connecting to the client's Internet. Cable routing inside is a more difficult task, because the wires should not interfere and spoil the interior.
To bring the Internet to buildings, preference is now more often given to fiber, and twisted pair is used for laying communication network on interior spaces. This is due to the fact that it is cheaper, easier and more convenient to install.
A twisted-pair cable consists of one or more pairs of insulated conductors twisted together and covered with a plastic sheath.
To lay a cable in an apartment or house, additional investments are needed, so some try to do it on their own. But at the same time, you should remember the basic rules:
- Do not leave wires unprotected, let them hang freely along the walls or lie on the floor. Ideally, the cable should be laid under the plaster, but if this is not possible, then it is hidden in special plastic boxes.
- Do not bend the cables too much, as this may degrade the signal quality.
- It is forbidden to place electrical and network wires nearby. The distance between them should not be less than 5 cm for horizontal and 30 cm for vertical laying.
What is twisted pair crimping and why is it needed
The Internet cable is connected to the computer through a special connector. It's called RJ45. But in order to exchange data, the wire must not only be inserted into the appropriate hole, but must be crimped correctly.
An Internet cable is connected to a computer or laptop through a special connector called RJ45
A cable for connecting to the Internet, as a rule, consists of four pairs of copper wires of different colors and twisted together. Crimping a twisted pair cable means placing the conductors in the correct sequence and pressing them into the connector using a special tool that provides reliable contact for transmitting electrical signals.
How to crimp a twisted pair cable (Internet cable pinout)
For crimping twisted pair are used:
Pinout color schemes
There are two main schemes by which twisted pair can be compressed: straight and cross.
They differ from each other in the way the cable cores are arranged (pinout color scheme). In the first case, at both ends of the wire, the cores are arranged in the same sequence:
This method is used most often, for example, when you need to crimp a cable to connect devices of different purposes (computer, laptop, TV, etc.) with a router or modem.
If it is necessary to cross-pinout the cable cores in the first connector, they have the same sequence as in the previous case, and on the second they are arranged according to this color scheme:
Cross crimping is used when connecting devices of the same purpose, for example, two computers or routers. But today it is almost never used, since modern network cards and routers can automatically detect the cable crimping scheme and adapt to it.
Crimping instructions
Compressing a twisted pair is quite easy:
- Prepare the cable, RJ45 connector and crimping tool.
- Release the cable from the outer winding approximately 2-3 centimeters from the edge. To do this, you can use the crimper: it provides special knives.
Using a crimper requires practice, as it can cut the twisted pair wires when the cable is released from the outer winding. Therefore, some prefer to perform this operation with an ordinary knife.
You can remove the outer winding from the twisted pair using a crimper or a regular knife
- Unwind and align twisted-pair pair wiring. Arrange them in the correct sequence according to the selected crimp pattern. Attach the cable to the connector and cut off the excess. Exposed wires should be left long enough to lower part connector entered the cable in the shell.
To measure the length of free conductors, you need to attach a connector to the cable
- Trim excessively long wires with a crimper.
The crimper has a special knife that can cut long wires.
- Insert all the wires of the cable into the connector to the very end.
The twisted pair wires must go into the connector to the very end, under the contact pads
- Crimp the twisted pair cable with a crimper. To do this, insert the connector into its socket until it clicks and squeeze the tool handles several times.
It is very convenient to crimp a twisted pair cable with a crimper, as it has a special socket for the connector
I have crimped twisted-pair cables at home and at work more than once. It is very easy to do this with a special tool, the main thing is to correctly arrange the wires by color. But you need to carefully cut the outer sheath of the cable with a crimper. My experience shows that if you apply extra effort, then not only the external insulation is cut, but also the internal conductors.
After the twisted pair is crimped, the outer winding should partially enter the connector. If the cable cores peek out of the connector, then the crimping must be done again.
The outer sheath of the cable must partially fit into the connector
Screwdriver crimping instructions
You can compress the cable not only with a special tool, but also with an ordinary screwdriver. This method is more time consuming, and the probability of a poor-quality result is higher. But it will be the only possible one for those who do not have a crimper at hand. To complete the work you will need:
Crimp the cable as follows:
Video: how to compress a twisted pair with a screwdriver - visual instructions
Crimping a four-wire twisted pair
In addition to the eight-wire twisted pair, there is also a four-wire. It is used less often because it provides a data transfer rate of no more than 100 Mbps (on standard cable speed can reach 1000 Mbps). But such a cable is cheaper, so it is actively used in small networks with small and medium volumes of information.
The crimping process for a four-wire twisted pair is the same as for an eight-wire twisted pair: the same connectors and crimping pliers are used. But at the same time, only a part of the contacts is used in the connector, namely 1, 2, 3 and 6, and the rest remain empty.
Color designations of conductors in a four-wire twisted pair can be different, but two options are most common:
- White-orange, orange, white-blue, blue.
- White-orange, orange, white-green, green.
The first and second contacts are always inserted with white-orange and orange wires, respectively. And in the third and sixth there will be either blue or green wires.
Photo gallery: four core twisted pair crimping color scheme
4-wire twisted pair is easier to crimp than 8-wire 
When crimping a four-wire twisted pair, orange conductors most often occupy the first and second contacts 
When crimping a four-wire twisted pair, green wires can be used in the third and sixth contacts 
The crimping scheme for a four-wire twisted pair with blue and brown conductors is very rare
Video: twisted pair crimping on 4 cores
How to extend the internet cable
Getting the Internet into an apartment or house, the provider leaves a small supply of cable. But if the computer needs to be moved to another room, problems can arise. There are several ways to extend the wire :
- Replace cable. To do this, you usually need to contact your provider, who will change it. But first you need to buy a twisted pair cable of the required length, and then pay for the services of a technician.
- Install a network switch. Solving the problem in this way is not the most cheap option, but in addition to extending the cable, it makes it possible to connect other devices in the house to the network.
- Use wifi router. Wireless transmission data will eliminate the need for a cable altogether. You can connect to the Internet anywhere in the apartment.
- Buy a special extension adapter. It is easy to use, small in size and inexpensive. This is the most popular way increase the length of the Internet wire.
- Twist the wires by hand. This method will allow you to increase the cable to the desired length at no additional cost, but the signal quality is often reduced.
Photo Gallery: How to Connect and Extend an Internet Cable
Cable twisting reduces quality transmitted signal
Using the adapter is the easiest and in an inexpensive way extend internet cable 
You can use a switch to extend the Internet cable, but this will be the most expensive solution.
How to twist the cable
Since twisting wires does not require any additional costs and special tools, many people use this method to lengthen the cable at home. This can be done in different ways.
- If you do not want to re-crimp the cable, then the twisted pair cable already brought into the house or apartment must be cut in any convenient place and inserted into a piece of wire of the required length. But it is important to remember about a significant minus: there will be two places of twisting on the way to connect to the Internet, and this cannot but affect the data transfer speed. And what longer wire, the worse.
- If you're ready to re-crimp the cable, cut off the crimped end, lengthen the wire, and attach a new RJ45 connector. This way, your cable will only have one twist point.
It is necessary to connect the cores of the same color to each other, and the junction points must be well insulated.
Video: how to twist an internet cable
How to split an internet cable
Often netizens wonder how to split an Internet cable. Such measures may be required in several situations:
- when moving a laptop around an apartment / house, i.e. the need to connect it to the Internet in different rooms;
- if you have several computers / laptops and need to connect them to the Internet.
The problem is solved in different ways.
- In both cases, the easiest way out is to buy a Wi-Fi router. But not everyone wants to connect to the network in this way.
- If a cable connection is required, then the most reliable option- switch. Its advantage is that all devices connected through it access the Internet at the same time. Moreover, there can be as many such devices as there are ports in network equipment.
- The splitter adapter is another convenient and inexpensive option. But connect to world wide web through it you can only two computers, no more.
- Some netizens suggest manually branching the internet cable. To do this, you need to wind two of the same color to each core, insulate everything well and separate the wires in the room. But this method does not guarantee the quality of the connection, so experts do not recommend using it. In addition, you can only connect to the network with such a cable one by one, two computers will not work simultaneously in such a situation.
Photo gallery: ways to connect two or more devices to the network
The RJ45 splitter adapter is the simplest and most convenient way connect two PCs to the internet at the same time 
Branching a twisted pair cable by twisting the cores does not guarantee good signal transmission and quality internet
WiFi connection give a chance wireless connection to the internet 
network switch allows you to connect as many devices to the network as it has ports
For fast and reliable transmission and receipt of information is used the local network, which is created using cables. And in order to reduce the impact of various interferences, a twisted pair is used, which is laid from the router to the computer. The design of the device consists of 8 cores, which are twisted together. There are such unpleasant moments when the conductor fails. In order to fix everything, it is enough to crimp the twisted pair cable again. In this article, we will take a detailed look at how to compress network cable with and without a crimper, with a regular straight screwdriver at hand.
What tools are needed for the job?
It will be difficult to compress the cable without a special tool. What tool is needed for the job? In order to carry out crimping, you must have the following tools:
- Directly network cable or, as it is also called, twisted pair.
- Connector (using RJ-45).
- Ticks or crimper. This is a special device that has several working areas.
If there is no crimper, and crimping is done at home and one-time, then it can be done with a screwdriver or pliers. As for the connectors, you should buy a few of them so that there is a supply, if it does not work out the first time.
Twisted Pair Pinouts
Before starting work, you should decide according to which scheme you need to compress the network cable. There are two types of schemes that differ in purpose, technology and data transmission standard. The difference between the T568A and T568B schemes also lies in the location of the cores.
The color scheme for crimping RJ45 twisted pair is as follows:
If you need to establish an Internet connection from a router to a computer, then you can apply this scheme:
Crimping technology
There are two ways to crimp a network cable:
- direct crimp (used when connecting a computer to a router or switch);
- cross crimp (used for connection schemes such as computer-to-computer or router-to-router).
There is a certain course of action. The first thing to do is to strip the insulation of the network cable. You just need to be careful not to damage the insulation of the wiring itself. About that, we talked about in the corresponding article.
As a result, 4 cores should be visible different color. They need to be disconnected from each other and cut so that they are the same length. Then you should choose the scheme by which you want to compress the network cable.
straight type
If you choose the direct type, then it is suitable for any traffic. There is only one condition - it is necessary to compress the network cable equally on both sides. In most cases, this type is used in the T568B circuit. The photo shows how the wires are divided by color:
If there is no need for high local traffic, then the twisted pair is crimped as follows:
After the outer braid has been removed, it is necessary to straighten all the wires and lay them out in the sequence indicated in the drawing.
The next step requires special attention. You need to insert the wires into the grooves. In this case, it is very important not to confuse the sequence of wires. If you do this, then nothing will work. In order to properly crimp, the network cable should be inserted into the connector until it stops.
After that, you need to insert the device into the appropriate slot in crimping pliers. There are several connectors depending on the type of electrical wire. Squeeze the pliers tightly and firmly until the wires in the device cut through the insulation and come into contact with the cord. Thus, the twisted pair is crimped.
It is important that the outer braid fits securely into the device. This will prevent damage to the mechanism.
cross type
This method of crimping the Internet cable is suitable if you want to connect two computers. In this case, the wires at the ends have a different order (one end according to principle A, and the second according to principle B).
Then crimping follows the same sequence as the straight type.
Crimp without tools
You can crimp the network cable without a crimp. If there is no special tool at hand, then you can use a regular flat screwdriver. But such crimping of a twisted pair may not be of very high quality. For example:
- it is not always possible to compress high-quality;
- increases the likelihood of damaging the electrical wire.
To make a crimp without pliers, you must do everything the same. Namely, clean the outer sheath, align the wires and arrange them in the appropriate wiring diagram. Then you also need to cut off the extra wiring and insert it into the grooves of the connector.
After that, you need to turn the connector over so that the contacts are on top and the latch is on the bottom. Place the connector on a flat surface so that it rests securely on the base and use a screwdriver to secure the latch.
Compressing the network cable with a screwdriver is more difficult, as the work takes more time. You need to press the tool until the latch stops protruding beyond the edges of the connector. Only in this case the electrical wire will be securely fixed and fixed.
The twisted pair is squeezed with a screwdriver as follows:
- Alternately, you should press on each conductor. And so with all eight contacts until they are pressed all the way.
- Then it is necessary to press the tool on the central part, thus fixing and securely fixing all the contacts in the connector.
Crimping a twisted pair in this way should be done carefully, since the contact plates, and the connector itself, are very fragile. If you do everything right, then as a result you will be able to connect the Internet.
Crimping a twisted pair is both a simple and complex procedure that anyone can do. The main thing is to approach twisted-pair crimping carefully and responsibly.
Quite often on the forums you can find questions on how to compress a network cable. Let's understand this thoroughly and start with what we need when crimping a network cable.
Crimping a twisted pair - what tools are needed
So, you decide to conduct a network or make wired Internet, which by the way has a number of advantages over (for example, communication stability). How to do it? It's simple, for this we need.
- Network cable or, as it is also called, twisted pair. Here we will not describe where and where it should go, since situations are different. The main thing is that the compression of a twisted pair implies its direct presence. Of course, the network cable is designed for a computer or laptop that must have a network card. It looks like this:
- Special tool - crimping. They will need to crimp the network wire. Usually, the crimp looks like this:
- Jackie. These are special RJ-45 connectors that need to be connected by crimping to the cable. Here's what they look like:
So, we have everything we need. Let's move on to the direct compression of the network cable.
The twisted-pair crimping scheme, that is, its pinout, is standardized, and if you decide to make a network cable with your own hands, you will have to follow the specific layout of the network wire wires.
And there are only two such schemes, and it is not so difficult to remember them. It should be noted here that if you decide to make a twisted pair connection or simply increase the network, then, depending on the situation, you need to apply desired scheme crimping. And if you decide to simply connect a computer to a router, then we advise you not to deviate from generally accepted standards, and compress the twisted pair cable according to scheme B. How to do this? Read on!
So, as we said, there are 2 twisted-pair wiring diagrams for connecting a computer through a router. Everything is shown in detail in the picture:
The figure shows how the twisted-pair wiring must be placed in order to properly connect the computer to the network. It shows two schemes - A and B. In principle, when connecting a twisted pair and just when connecting, they are equivalent. But in practice, scheme B is more often used.
Further, we note that in order to connect a computer or laptop to the network through a router or switch, you need to crimp both ends of the cable in the same way. And if you decide to do without a router, then you need to crimp the wire using the "Cross" method or, as they also call "Crossover", as in the picture:
With this method, the patch cord (twisted pair crimped at both ends) will have a different sequence at each end of the wire. We told how to make a network cable for a computer in theory, let's move on to practical advice.
Proper crimping of the network cable
Of course, when you crimp a twisted pair for the first time, certain difficulties will arise. Our following tips on how to properly compress a network cable will help you do it faster and better. this work. Let's try to do everything in sequence:
- Carefully cut the cable insulation, remove it from the twisted pair.
- We untangle the wires and straighten them to make it easier to put in the right order.
- Align them and carefully insert them into the RJ-45 connector. It is important to insert the wires completely, to the end, and not confuse the beginning of the sequence. More details can be seen in the picture:
- Try to make sure that the twisted pair braid fits into the RJ-45 connector. This will protect the wires from damage and make the cable reliable.
- We insert the twisted pair with the connector put on into the crimp and crimp the cable.
If you do everything carefully, you will definitely succeed.
Twisted pair connection
Connecting the network cable is not tricky. It is enough to insert the twisted pair cable into the connector network card computer or laptop, and plug the other end into a router or other network card.
If the pinout of the network cable was correct, then the network will work stably and without loss of data packets. Many providers connect the Internet via a network cable, which is common today in almost any city in Russia. We hope that the article was useful, and now you figured out how to make a network cable yourself.!
