17.12.2017 17:00:00
The modern Internet is difficult to imagine without search engines. Every day they process billions of requests coming through desktop browsers and mobile applications. The most complex algorithms literally predict the actions of users, suggest possible options for input data and produce the most accurate results.
But what is the best search engine on the Web today? Why do we prefer a particular search engine? In our article, we will analyze which search engines have gained the greatest popularity and what are their fundamental differences.
Search engine ranking in the world
First, let's find out which search engines are the most popular in the world. To do this, let's turn to the data provided by the reputable analytical agency NetMarketShare. This table displays the top 5 search engines and the percentage of requests from personal computer users for 2017:
It is easy to see that in both positions, the search engine from Google is in the lead with the maximum margin from its competitors. What's more, for mobile devices, Google is essentially a monopoly, processing 93% of all search queries. This is due to the widespread use of smartphones on the Android OS.
In addition, Google is one of the most minimalistic search engines. On the main page, the user sees only the logo and the search bar. Also, users are attracted by interesting doodles - Google logos, which are redrawn in honor of a certain date or event. Very often such doodles are made interactive. Thus, according to all the above indicators, Google is by far the best search engine.
In second place in popularity, both on PCs and on smartphones, the Chinese search engine Baidu has firmly established itself. The fact is that this service is the only one available in China - it is used by 92% of the entire population. From time to time, Baidu tries to expand the geographical boundaries, but it has not gained popularity in other countries. This is largely due to a rather aggressive promotion policy and the conflict between search engine extensions and antiviruses.
Bing is a search engine from Microsoft, which is most often used by owners of personal computers in the United States. A small percentage of requests from mobile devices is due to the fact that smartphones from Microsoft are gradually leaving the market.
Yahoo! - one of the oldest search engines, which was created in 1995. Basically, it is used by residents of the USA, Great Britain and some countries of Southeast Asia.
The search engine from Yandex was only in the top five for requests from a PC. A small percentage of the total number of requests is also due to the fact that users of Russia and the CIS countries use the domestic search engine. And the Dogpile service closes the top 5 in terms of popularity of search engines for mobile devices. Its main audience is residents of the USA, Canada and Europe.
Search engine rating in Russia
To find out which is the best search engine in the Russian Internet segment of the Runet, we will be helped by the data of the LiveInternet counter and the analytical service Seo-auditor.
The LiveInternet counter takes into account search queries from both PC and mobile platforms. As a result, the popularity rating of search engines in Russia looks like this:
The two main competitors, Google and Yandex, are leading by a wide margin. Both search engines are characterized by high speed and efficiency. In addition, each service has its own unique features. For example, the Google search engine gives clear and concise information about each site, and also takes into account the quality of the pages in the issue. Yandex, on the other hand, pays great attention to its additional services, which are connected with each request in a search engine.
In third place in terms of popularity was the search engine from Mail.ru. Many experts note that this service has well-developed search algorithms, fast news updates on the main page. On the other hand, Mail has enough shortcomings. First of all, this is a lack of additional services and an unfinished anti-spam filter.
The once popular Rambler now processes only 0.2% of the total number of search queries on the Russian Internet. Some time ago, the service made a major overhaul: the search engine changed its logo and the main page was redrawn from scratch. However, this, alas, did not help to rise in the ranking of search engines.
However, Rambler has its obvious merits. For example, an associative search system. If the user forgets to change the layout and types in the word vepsrf, the search engine returns results for the query "Music". Now you won’t surprise anyone with this system, only Rambler was the first search engine in Runet that was able to implement such an algorithm with high quality.
Less than 200 thousand requests per year were processed by the Bing search engine. As mentioned above, the service from Microsoft is popular mainly in the West, and, most likely, most of the requests in Runet via Bing are sent from smartphones and PCs of foreigners working in Russia.
Similar data on the popularity of search engines can be observed in the study of the analytical agency Seo-auditor. Compare the numbers as of January and November 2017:
Comparing the data of counters Yandex.Metrika, SpyLog/Openstat, LiveInternet, Hotlog, [email protected], as well as using original algorithms, Seo-auditor experts came to the conclusion that the title of "The Best Search Engine" in Runet is again divided among themselves Google and Yandex. In addition, it is noticeable how the share of requests through the search engines Mail, Rambler and Bing has decreased over the year.
Mobile application search engines
Among the top five most popular search engines, Google, Yandex and Bing have branded mobile applications. To find out how each utility is different, we tested search engines on a powerful and productive smartphone. As a test query, we used one of the most popular, at the moment, not only in Russia, but throughout the world - Star Wars 8. The result can be seen in the video below:
Google in its mobile search engine is guided by the same principle as in the desktop version - a minimum of interface elements. The search query can be entered both from the on-screen keyboard and by voice. In the issuance of the search engine, you can trace a clear hierarchy:
- Film reviews and ratings
- Schedule of screenings in cinemas of the city
- Trailers on YouTube
- List of film cast
- Similar queries
- Links to sites.
A similar picture can be observed in the search engine from Yandex. The Russian service in its application also copies the main version. The main page contains useful services and news, and the search bar is fixed at the bottom of the screen. The results are distributed as follows:
- Trailers and videos on Yandex.Video
- Schedule of screenings in cinemas
- Link to Wikipedia
- List of actors
- Similar queries
- Links to the site (and the first link is the page of the film on Kinopoisk, which belongs to Yandex).
A separate "trick" of Yandex can be called the voice assistant Alice, with which you can not only find the information you need, but also pass the time in a pleasant, and sometimes funny conversation with a digital algorithm.
Bing, like Google, is on the path to being concise. The main screen has a search button on a beautiful background. By clicking on the magnifying glass, the user is taken to the page of the search engine. Despite the fact that the interface is not Russified, the application quickly produces the desired results. True, unlike Google and Yandex, Bing is limited to links to sites without additional services included.
Alternative search engines
In addition to the most popular search engines like Yandex and Google, there are many interesting search services on the Web that, in terms of their functions, can become a good alternative to the recognized giants. We have selected 5 of the most interesting systems that can be used both on PC and on smartphones.
A search engine based on three main principles:
- Lack of a personal data store
- No intrusive ads based on user requests
- No tracking of user actions.
Thus, DuckDuckGo will be appreciated by those who prefer privacy on the Web and want to receive objective information, without regard to past browsing behavior on the Internet. In addition, DuckDuckGo is not geographically tied to the user. This means that information can be searched and received in any language, while Yandex and Google prefer Russian-language resources, even if you type in a request in English.
YaCy
A decentralized search engine that does not have a single server and owner. YaCy is a network of user computers on which a special program is installed. Each PC independently scans the Network and collects the information received into a common database. Each node on the YaCy network is autonomous and therefore not subject to government or corporate censorship.
The only drawback for a domestic user is that YaCy is not Russified.
Pipl
Pipl is a system that is designed to search for specific users on the Web. Sophisticated algorithms collect all the data about a person from social media profiles, comments, open databases, and so on. At the moment, the Pipl search database contains data on more than 3 billion people.
RuNet search for Pipl is still quite a challenge. So this search engine will be more useful for those who are looking for specific users in Europe, the USA or Canada.
Question-answer system, a search engine based on a knowledge base and a set of computational algorithms. Unlike other search engines, Wolfram|Alpha does not display a list of links for queries, but generates a complete response based on a knowledge base about history, culture, science, cinematography, theater and much more. In addition, the algorithm connects data about famous people and pages on the Web.
For example, for a Star Wars films query, the search engine returns a list of all films in the movie universe, for each of which you can view an individual information card. This is followed by a selection of movie posters and details of the box office.
Wolfram|Alpha is constantly updating its database to more accurately display the most relevant information for queries. For students, journalists, analysts and researchers, Wolfram|Alpha is perhaps the best search engine, as it provides not only textual information, but also compiles various graphs, tables and diagrams for greater clarity.
We have introduced you to the most popular search engines. Of course, it is quite difficult to call a certain search engine the best in the world. Each system has its own set of tools that attract certain users. What search engine do you use the most? Tell us about your impressions in the comments to this article!
The search engine is one of the key levels of the Internet along with content and the browser. Yandex search engine or similar systems (Google, Bing, DuckDuckGo and others) allow the user to search for information on the World Wide Web by formulating a request.
The job of the search engine is to find all documents, pages, videos, that is, all content for this query (keyword or phrase).
What is the best search engine? Are there alternative options, something other than Google and Yandex? Which Internet search engine is more suitable for scanning English-language sources or, for example, music? This is exactly what will be discussed in the article.
Rating: market leaders
If we talk about the world as a whole, then Google is the most popular search engine. The corporation occupies almost 70% of the market. The second position in the rating is occupied by "Bing" (share - 12.26%). The Baidu system (6.48% as of September 2015) is fighting for the second line. From time to time they change places.
So, for example, in 2014 the “forces” were distributed differently: the first place was occupied by Google, a search engine with 68.69%, the second by Baidu (17.7%), the third by Bing with a market capitalization of 6, 22%.
But the global data is very generalized. What is the best search engine?
In China, for example, a very small percentage of the population scans with Google, the majority uses the domestic Soso system. In South Korea, most of the residents use their own development - the Internet search engine Naver. True, in the past few months, the number of requests in this system began to decline rapidly.
In Japan and Taiwan, users are more likely to use Yahoo!
Rating: Russian-speaking systems
What is the best search engine? In Russia, the ranking of search engines is not at all similar to the global one. The market leader in the Russian-speaking segment of the Internet is Yandex, which is used by more than 55% of users.
In second place is Google with a score of 37.6%. According to the LiveInternet service, the coverage of Russian-language search queries on the World Wide Web was distributed as follows:
- Universal search engines: Google (37.6%), Bing (0.3%), Yahoo! (0.1%).
- English-speaking and international (AskJeeves, for example).
- Russian-language search engines: Yandex (56.2%), Mail (5.3%), Rambler (0.5%).
DuckDuckGo
Let's start talking about alternative search engines with DuckDuckGo. This is a fairly well-known and widespread open source system. DuckDuckGo servers are located in the United States of America. The search results are quite extensive, since the system uses not only its own algorithms, but also the results of some other sources, such as Wikipedia, the Bing search engine and Yahoo!
The DuckDuckGo search engine ensures maximum security of the user's personal information, privacy and confidentiality. The system does not collect any user data, does not store any history, and limits the use of cookies as much as possible.
The difference with DuckDuckGo is that this system does not personalize search results, as other systems do. In "Google" or "Yandex", for example, the user sees only the information that is consistent with his preferences. But DuckDuckGo forms a real picture and allows you to get rid of intrusive specific advertising. The search service easily searches for information in foreign languages, while Yandex and Google by default prefer Russian-language sources, even if the query is entered in English, German or another language.
You can customize the interface in the system: you can change colors, fonts, links and other parameters in just a few clicks.
So far, this search engine is far from the giant Google, but the duckling is developing, so it is quite possible that in the future DuckDuckGo will take one of the leading positions. The team has created a great product that provides an anonymous, fast and functional search that deserves the attention of the user.
NotEvil
This is a system that searches the anonymous Tor network. The search engine is preinstalled in the browser of the same name. Why is notEvil better? It “passes” where Google or Yandex search engine cannot reach. In general, there are a lot of resources in the Tor network that cannot be visited on the “regular” (law-abiding) Internet. This is such a platform within the network with its social platforms, torrent trackers, media, blogs, shopping malls, forums, libraries, and so on.
By the way, notEvil is not the only search engine of its kind. There is also Look, which is available by default in the same Tor browser, and TORCH is one of the oldest search engines on the anonymous web.
YaCy
The free YaCy search engine is a completely different approach to organizing searches on the World Wide Web. The system works on the P2P principle. This means that each computer on which the module is installed independently scans the Internet, and then all the results are collected in a single database that all YaCy users can use.
The system is completely independent, autonomous, and ensures the anonymity of each user. YaCy will suit supporters of the open Internet, which is not subject to the influence of large corporations and government agencies.
In everyday life, the search engine is not yet very useful, but in the future it is a worthy alternative to Google, even from the point of view of organizing the information search process.
Pipl
Pipl is a system designed to search for information about a particular person. The developers claim that search engine algorithms search for people more efficiently than Google or Yandex, which are common all over the world.
Priority sources are social media profiles, comments, lists of participants, databases where various data about people are published, for example, databases of court decisions. But there is also a drawback. Russian databases are not available for Pipl, so it will only be useful for finding information about US citizens.
Find Sounds
What is the best search engine? If you need to find music or sounds, then, of course, FindSounds will be the best. This is a specialized search engine where there is a list of tags. Here you can select the desired audio file format or quality. All search results are available for download.
wolfram|alpha
This system does not display pages that contain the information the user needs, but the finished result. For example, maps, graphs, tables, short answers. The service is the best suited for calculating data and searching for specific facts. The search engine does not yet understand all requests, but it is constantly evolving.
Using Wolfram|Alpha, it is convenient, for example, to compare parameters for setting up a camera, smartphone or laptop. Also calculate the level of alcohol in the blood (the system asks the user for weight and height, the amount of alcohol consumed, time, and then reports how long the alcohol will be completely removed from the body).
The tool can convert shoe and clothing sizes, count calories, view currency rates, or tune a musical instrument.
Dogpile
Dogpile displays results from all major search engines at once. The service uses an improved algorithm and, according to the developers, generates the best search results on the Internet. In addition, there are few ads. You can try using Dogpile if the information you need is not in the standard Google or Yandex.
BoardReader
This system searches for information on forums, polls, question and answer services, social communities, narrowing the search field to social sites. You can set filters: language and date of publication, site name, and the like.
The search engine can be useful for advertising specialists who are interested in the opinion of the audience.
Finally
Often alternative search engines are fleeting. They appear as quickly as they die. Most alternative systems today specialize in a narrow niche or test the original algorithm in generating search results.
In the context of describing alternative search engines, the criterion "better" does not mean "better in everything" at all. Each of the services listed above gives a specific user something that is not in Google or Yandex. In any case, getting acquainted with alternative options (against the fact that the system seems to be practically monopolized by search giants) is interesting and useful for every user.
A search engine is a database of specific information on the Internet. Many users believe that as soon as they enter a query into a search engine, they immediately begin scanning the entire Internet, but this is not at all the case. Internet scanning occurs constantly, many programs, data about sites are entered into a database, where, according to certain criteria, all sites and all their pages are distributed into various lists and databases. That is, it is a kind of data file, and the search takes place not on the Internet, but on this file.
Google is the most popular search engine in the world.
In addition to the search engine, Google offers many additional services, software and hardware, including the mail service, the Google Chrome browser, the largest youtube video library and many other projects. Google is confidently buying up many projects that bring large profits. Most of the services are not aimed at a direct user, but at making money on the Internet and are integrated with a focus on the interests of European and American users.
Mail is a search engine popular mainly because of the mail service.
There are many additional services, the key of which is mail Mail, at the moment Mail owns the Odnoklassniki social network, its own My World network, the Money-mail service, many online games, three almost identical browsers with different names. All applications and services have a lot of advertising content. The social network "VKonatkte" blocks direct transitions to Mail services, arguing with a large number of viruses.
Wikipedia.
Wikipedia is a searchable reference system.
A non-profit search engine that exists on private donations, therefore it does not fill the pages with advertising. A multilingual project whose goal is to create a complete reference encyclopedia in all languages of the world. It has no specific authors, is filled in and managed by volunteers from all over the world. Each user can both write and edit an article.
The official page is www.wikipedia.org.
Youtube is the largest video library.
Video hosting with elements of a social network, where each user can add a video. From the moment they were acquired by Google Ink, a separate registration for YouTube is not required, it is enough to register in the Google mail service.
The official page is youtube.com.
Yahoo! is the second most important search engine in the world.
There are additional services, the most famous of which is Yahoo mail. As part of improving the quality of the search engine, Yahoo transmits data about users and their queries to Microsoft. From these data, an idea of the interests of users is formed, as well as a market for advertising content. The Yahoo search engine, as well as, is engaged in the absorption of other companies, for example, Yahoo owns the Altavista search service and the Alibaba e-commerce site.
The official page is www.yahoo.com.
WDL is a digital library.
The library collects books of cultural value in digital form. The main goal is to increase the level of cultural content of the Internet. Access to the library is free.
The official page is www.wdl.org/ru/.
Bing is a search engine from Microsoft.
The official website is www.baidu.com.
Search engines in Russia
Rambler is a "pro-American" search engine.
It was originally created as a media Internet portal. Like many other search engines, it has image search services, video files, maps, weather forecast, news section and much more. Publishers also offer a free browser Rambler-Nichrome.
The official page is www.rambler.ru.
Nigma is an intelligent search engine.
A more convenient search engine due to the presence of many filters and settings. The interface allows you to include or exclude suggested similar values in the search to get better results. Also, when receiving a search result, it allows you to use information from other major search engines.
The official page is www.nigma.ru.
Aport - online catalog of goods.
In the past, the search engine, but after the fact that developments and innovations were discontinued, quickly lost ground and . At the moment, Aport is a trading platform, where goods from more than 1500 companies are presented.
The official page is www.aport.ru.
Sputnik is a national search engine and Internet portal.
Created by Rostelecom. It is currently in the testing phase.
The official website is www.sputnik.ru.
Metabot is a developing search engine.
The tasks of Metabot is to create a search engine for all other search engines, creating positions for issuing results, taking into account the data of the entire list of search engines. That is, it is a search engine for search engines.
The official page is www.metabot.ru.
The search engine has been suspended.
The official page is www.turtle.ru.
KM - multiportal.
Initially, the site was a multi-portal with the subsequent introduction of a search engine. The search can be carried out both within the site and on all tracked Runet sites.
The official page is www.km.ru.
Gogo - does not work, redirects to a search engine.
The official page is www.gogo.ru.
The Russian multiportal, which is not very popular, needs to be improved. The search engine includes news, TV, games, map.
The official page is www.zoneru.org.
The search engine does not work, the developers suggest using the search engine.
Hello, dear readers of the blog site. , then its few users had enough of their own bookmarks. However, as you remember, it happened exponentially, and very soon it became more difficult to navigate in all its diversity.
Then directories appeared (Yahu, Dmoz and others), in which their authors added and sorted into categories various sites. This immediately made life easier for the then, not yet very numerous users of the global network. Many of these directories are still alive today.
But after a while, the size of their databases became so large that the developers first thought about creating a search inside them, and then about creating an automated indexing system for all Internet content to make it available to everyone.
The main search engines of the Russian-speaking segment of the Internet
As you can imagine, this idea was realized with resounding success, but, however, everything turned out well only for a handful of selected companies that managed to not disappear on the Internet. Almost all the search engines that appeared on the first wave have now either disappeared, or vegetate, or were bought by more successful competitors.
The search system is a very complex and, importantly, very resource-intensive mechanism (meaning not only material resources, but also human ones). Behind the outwardly simple, or its ascetic counterpart from Google, there are thousands of employees, hundreds of thousands of servers, and many billions of investments that are necessary for this colossus to continue to work and remain competitive.
Entering this market now and starting everything from scratch is more of a utopia than a real business project. For example, one of the richest corporations in the world, Microsoft, has been trying to gain a foothold in the search market for decades, and only now their Bing search engine is slowly starting to justify their expectations. And before that there was a whole series of failures and failures.
What can we say about entering this market without any special financial influences. For example, our domestic search engine Nigma has a lot of useful and innovative things in its arsenal, but their attendance is thousands of times inferior to the leaders of the Russian market. For example, take a look at the Yandex daily audience:
In this regard, we can assume that the list of the main (best and most successful) search engines of the Runet and the entire Internet has already been formed, and the whole intrigue lies only in who will eventually devour whom, well, or how their percentage will be distributed if they all survive and stay afloat.
Russian search engine market is very well visible, and here, probably, two or three main players and a couple of secondary ones can be distinguished. In general, a rather unique situation has developed in Runet, which, as I understand it, has been repeated only in two more countries in the world.
I'm talking about the fact that the Google search engine, having come to Russia in 2004, has not yet been able to take the lead. In fact, they tried to buy Yandex around this period, but something didn’t work out there, and now “our Russia”, together with the Czech Republic and China, are the places where the almighty Google, if not defeated, then, in any case, met with serious resistance.
In fact, see the current state of affairs among best search engines in runet anyone can. It will be enough to paste this URL into the address bar of your browser:
http://www.liveinternet.ru/stat/ru/searches.html?period=month;total=yes
The fact is that most of them use .
After entering the given Url, you will see a picture that is not very attractive and presentable, but it reflects the essence of the matter well. Pay attention to the top five search engines from which sites in Russian receive traffic:
Yes, of course, not all resources with Russian-language content are hosted in this zone. There are also SU, and the Russian Federation, and common areas such as COM or NET are full of Internet projects focused on Runet, but still, the sample is quite representative.
This dependency can be drawn in a more colorful way, as, for example, someone online did for his presentation:
It doesn't change the essence. There are a couple of leaders and a few very, very far behind search engines. By the way, I have already written about many of them. Sometimes it is quite entertaining to plunge into the history of success or, conversely, delve into the reasons for the failures of once promising search engines.
So, in order of importance for Russia and the Runet as a whole, I will list them and give them brief characteristics:
Google search has already become a household name for many inhabitants of the planet - you can read about that at the link. I liked the “results translation” option in this search engine, when you received answers from all over the world, but in your own language, but now, unfortunately, it is not available (at least on google.ru).
Also, recently I have been puzzled by the quality of their issuance (Search Engine Result Page). Personally, I always first use the search engine of the Runet mirror (there is, well, I got used to it) and only if I don’t find an intelligible answer there, I turn to Google.
Usually their issuance made me happy, but lately it has only puzzled me - sometimes such nonsense comes out. It is possible that their struggle to increase their PPC revenue and their constant shuffling of SERPs to discredit Seo promotion could backfire. In any case, this search engine has a competitor in RuNet, and even what one.
I think that hardly anyone will specifically go to Go.mail.ru to search in Runet. Therefore, traffic on entertainment projects from this search engine can be significantly more than ten percent. Owners of such projects should pay attention to this system.
However, apart from the prominent leaders in the market of search engines in the Russian-speaking segment of the Internet, there are several other players whose share is quite low, but nevertheless the very fact of their existence makes me say a few words about them.
Runet search engines from the second echelon
Internet-wide search engines
By and large, on the scale of the entire Internet, there is only one serious player - Google. This is the undisputed leader, but he still has some competition.
First, it's still the same bing, which, for example, has very good positions in the US market, especially considering that its engine is also used on all Yahoo services (almost a third of the entire US search market).
Well, and secondly, due to the huge share that users from China make up in the total number of Internet users, their main search engine called Baidu wedged into the distribution of places on the world Olympus. He was born in 2000 and now his share is about 80% of the entire national audience in China.
It is difficult to say something more intelligible about Baidu, but on the Internet there are judgments that the places in his Top are occupied not only by the most relevant sites, but also by those who paid for it (directly to the search engine, and not to the Seo office). Of course, this applies primarily to commercial issuance.
In general, looking at the statistics, it becomes clear why Google easily goes there to worsen its issuance in exchange for increasing profits from contextual advertising. In fact, they are not afraid of the outflow of users, because in most cases they have nowhere to go and nowhere to go. This situation is somewhat sad, but let's see what happens next.
By the way, in order to further complicate the life of optimizers, and perhaps to maintain the peace of mind of users of this search engine, Google has recently been using encryption when transmitting requests from users' browsers to the search string. Soon it will no longer be possible to see in the statistics of visitor counters what queries users from Google came to you for.
Of course, in addition to the search engines voiced in this publication, there are more than one thousand others - regional, specialized, exotic, etc. It will not be possible to try to list and describe them all within the framework of one article, and, probably, it is not necessary. Let's say a few words about how easy it is to create a search engine and how not easy and not cheap to keep it up to date.
The vast majority of systems work on similar principles (read about that and about) and pursue the same goal - to give users an answer to their question. Moreover, this answer should be relevant (corresponding to the question), exhaustive and, which is not unimportant, relevant (of the first freshness).
Solving this problem is not so easy, especially considering that the search engine will need to analyze the content of billions of Internet pages on the fly, weed out unnecessary ones, and form a list (output) from the remaining ones, where the most appropriate answers to the user's question will first go.
This extremely complex task is solved by preliminary collection of information from these pages using various indexing robots. They collect links from already visited pages and load information from them into the search engine database. There are text-indexing bots (normal and fast bots that live on news and frequently updated resources so that the most recent data is always presented in the results).
In addition, there are robots indexing images (for their subsequent output to), favicons, site mirrors (for their subsequent comparison and possible gluing), bots that check the performance of Internet pages that users or through tools for webmasters (here you can read about, and) .
The indexing process itself and the subsequent process of updating index databases are quite time-consuming. Although Google does this much faster than its competitors, at least Yandex, which takes a week or two to do this (read about).
Usually, the search engine breaks the text content of a web page into separate words, which leads to the basic foundations, so that later it will be possible to give correct answers to questions asked in different morphological forms. All unnecessary body kit in the form of Html tags, spaces, etc. things are removed, and the remaining words are sorted alphabetically and next to them their position in this document is indicated.
This shnyaga is called a reverse index and allows you to search no longer on web pages, but on structured data located on the servers of the search engine.
The number of such servers at Yandex (which searches mainly only on Russian-language sites and a bit on Ukrainian and Turkish) is in the tens or even hundreds of thousands, and Google (which searches in hundreds of languages) is in the millions.
Many servers have copies that serve both to increase the safety of documents and help to increase the speed of processing a request (due to load distribution). Estimate the cost of maintaining this entire economy.
The user's request will be directed by the load balancer to the server segment that is currently least loaded. Then the analysis of the region is carried out, from where the user of the search engine sent his request, and its morphological analysis is done. If a similar request was recently entered in the search line, then the data from the cache is slipped to the user so as not to load the server once again.
If the request has not yet been cached, then it is passed to the area where the index base of the search engine is located. The response will be a list of all web pages that have at least some relation to the request. Not only direct occurrences are taken into account, but also other morphological forms, as well as, etc. things.
Them needs to be sorted and at this stage, the algorithm (artificial intelligence) comes into play. In fact, the user's request is multiplied due to all possible options for its interpretation and answers to many requests are searched simultaneously (due to the use of query language operators, some of which are available to ordinary users).
As a rule, in the issue there is one page from each site (sometimes more). are now very complex and take into account many factors. In addition, for their adjustment, and are used, which manually evaluate the reference sites, which allows you to adjust the operation of the algorithm as a whole.
In general, it is clear that the matter is dark. You can talk about this for a long time, but even so it is understood that user satisfaction with a search engine is achieved, oh, how not easy. And there will always be those who do not like something, like, for example, you and me, dear readers.
Good luck to you! See you soon on the blog pages site
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At first glance, it may seem that only Yandex can be better than Google, and even that is not a fact. These companies invest huge sums in innovation and development. Does anyone really have a chance not only to compete with the leaders, but also to win? Lifehacker's answer: "Yes!" There are several search engines that have succeeded. Let's look at our heroes.
What is it
It is a fairly well-known open source search engine. The servers are located in the USA. In addition to its own robot, the search engine uses results from other sources: Yahoo! Search BOSS, Wikipedia, Wolfram|Alpha.
The better
DuckDuckGo positions itself as the ultimate privacy and privacy search. The system does not collect any data about the user, does not store logs (no search history), the use of cookies is as limited as possible.
DuckDuckGo does not collect or share personal information from users. This is our privacy policy.
Gabriel Weinberg, founder of DuckDuckGo
Why do you need this
All major search engines try to personalize search results based on data about the person in front of the monitor. This phenomenon is called "filter bubble": the user sees only those results that are consistent with his preferences or that the system considers as such.
DuckDuckGo forms an objective picture that does not depend on your past behavior on the Web, and gets rid of Google and Yandex thematic advertising based on your requests. With the help of DuckDuckGo, it is easy to search for information in foreign languages: Google and Yandex prefer Russian-language sites by default, even if the query is entered in another language.
What is it
"" is a Russian metasearch engine developed by Moscow State University graduates Viktor Lavrenko and Vladimir Chernyshov. It searches for Google, Bing, Yandex and other indexes, and also has its own search algorithm.
The better
Searching through the indexes of all major search engines allows you to generate relevant results. In addition, "Nigma" divides the results into several thematic groups (clusters) and prompts the user to narrow the search field, discarding unnecessary or prioritizing. Thanks to the "Mathematics" and "Chemistry" modules, you can solve mathematical problems and request the results of chemical reactions right in the search bar.
Why do you need this
Eliminates the need to search for the same query in different search engines. The cluster system makes it easy to manipulate search results. For example, "Nigma" collects results from online stores in a separate cluster. If you do not intend to buy something, then simply exclude this group. If you select the "English-language sites" cluster, you will receive search results in English only. Modules "Mathematics" and "Chemistry" will help schoolchildren.
Unfortunately, the project is currently not being developed, as the developers have shifted their activity to the Vietnamese market. Nevertheless, "Nigma" is not only not outdated, but in some things it still outperforms Google. Let's hope that development resumes.
What is it
not Evil is a system that searches the anonymous Tor network. To use it, you need to go to this network, for example, by launching a specialized browser with the same name. not Evil is not the only search engine of its kind. There is LOOK (default search in the Tor browser, accessible from the regular Internet) or TORCH (one of the oldest search engines on the Tor network) and others. We settled on not Evil because of the unambiguous allusion to Google itself (just look at the start page).
The better
He is looking for where Google, Yandex and other search engines are denied access in principle.
Why do you need this
There are many resources on the Tor network that cannot be found on the law-abiding Internet. And as the authorities tighten control over the contents of the Web, their number will grow. Tor is a kind of Network within the Network: with its social networks, torrent trackers, media, marketplaces, blogs, libraries, and so on.
YaCy
What is it
YaCy is a decentralized search engine that works on the principle of P2P networks. Each computer on which the main software module is installed scans the Internet on its own, that is, it is an analogue of a search robot. The results obtained are collected in a common database, which is used by all YaCy participants.
The better
It is difficult to say here whether this is better or worse, since YaCy is a completely different approach to organizing search. The lack of a single server and owner company makes the results completely independent of anyone's preferences. The autonomy of each node excludes censorship. YaCy is capable of searching the deep web and non-indexed public networks.
Why do you need this
If you are a supporter of open source software and a free Internet that is not influenced by government agencies and large corporations, then YaCy is your choice. It can also be used to organize searches within a corporate or other autonomous network. And although YaCy is not very useful in everyday life, it is a worthy alternative to Google in terms of the search process.
Pipl
What is it
Pipl is a system designed to search for information about a specific person.
The better
The authors of Pipl claim that their specialized algorithms search more efficiently than "regular" search engines. In particular, priority sources of information are social media profiles, comments, lists of participants and various databases where information about people is published, such as databases of court decisions. Pipl's leadership in this area is confirmed by Lifehacker.com, TechCrunch and other publications.
Why do you need this
If you need to find information about a person living in the US, then Pipl will be much more efficient than Google. Databases of Russian courts, apparently, are inaccessible to the search engine. Therefore, he does not cope so well with the citizens of Russia.
What is it
Another specialized search engine. Searches for various sounds (house, nature, cars, people, and so on) in open sources. The service does not support requests in Russian, but there is an impressive list of Russian-language tags that you can search for.
The better
In the issuance of only sounds and nothing more. In the search settings, you can set the desired format and sound quality. All found sounds are available for download. There is a search for sounds by pattern.
Why do you need this
If you need to quickly find the sound of a musket shot, the blow of a sucking woodpecker, or the cry of Homer Simpson, then this service is for you. And I chose this only from the available Russian-language queries. In English, the spectrum is even wider. But seriously, a specialized service implies a specialized audience. But will it come in handy for you too?
The life of alternative search engines is often fleeting. Lifehacker asked the former CEO of the Ukrainian branch of Yandex, Sergey Petrenko, about the long-term prospects for such projects.
As for the fate of alternative search engines, it is simple: to be very niche projects with a small audience, therefore, without clear commercial prospects, or, conversely, with the complete clarity of their absence.
If you look at the examples in the article, you can see that such search engines either specialize in a narrow but in-demand niche, which, perhaps only so far, has not grown enough to be noticeable on the radars of Google or Yandex, or are testing an original hypothesis in ranking, which is not yet applicable in conventional search.
For example, if a Tor search suddenly turns out to be in demand, that is, at least a percentage of the Google audience will need the results from there, then, of course, ordinary search engines will begin to solve the problem of how to find them and show them to the user. If the behavior of the audience shows that a significant proportion of users in a significant number of queries seem to be more relevant results, data without taking into account factors that depend on the user, then Yandex or Google will begin to give such results.
"To be better" in the context of this article does not mean "to be better at everything". Yes, in many aspects our heroes are far from Google and Yandex (even far from Bing). But each of these services gives the user something that the giants of the search industry cannot offer.
