Anton Ionov, Yuri Konovalov, Alexey Novodvorsky, Daniil Smirnov, Ilya Trunin, Anatoly Yakushin
General information about the OpenOffice.org office suite
OpenOffice.org is a free suite of office programs that includes the following components:
OpenWriter (word processor and HTML editor);
OpenCalc (spreadsheets);
OpenDraw (graphics editor);
OpenImpress (presentation system);
OpenMatch formula editor;
data access module.
OpenOffice.org is a full-fledged free office suite, not inferior in its capabilities to such popular proprietary programs as Microsoft Office. It contains components for working with text, spreadsheets, works with databases, processes graphics, and creates complex documents for Internet publications.
The developers of OpenOffice.org, introducing advanced document processing technologies, tried to make work as easy as possible ordinary users. Therefore, when you first meet, you find yourself in a familiar environment, familiar from MS applications, and can immediately start working. There is no need to relearn - Microsoft Office skills are quite enough. If you have books on Microsoft Office, then they are also suitable for your first acquaintance with OpenOffice.org - the basic working techniques are extremely similar.
Once you start using OpenOffice.org, you can continue to work with all the files that you previously prepared in the Microsoft Office environment, and easily exchange documents with users of other programs.
OpenOffice.org reads and saves documents in most popular formats. These include Word, Excel, PowerPoint, RTF, html, xhtml, DocBook files, and simple text files in various encodings. In addition, OpenOffice.org allows you to export complex documents with illustrations and graphs in pdf format. The OpenImpress presentation system allows you to export presentations to Macromedia Flash (.swf) format.
OpenOffice.org contains all the necessary components to create complex systems. It supports templates, can work with databases, contains its own OOBasic programming language, much like MS Visual Basic for Application, and runs programs written in the Java programming language.
OpenOffice.org runs on several platforms: Microsoft Windows, Linux, FreeBSD, Solaris, Mac OS X and many others. At the same time, the appearance of the applications and the format of the files used remain unchanged, which allows users of a variety of operating systems to collaborate on documents.
This guide describes programs from OpenOffice.org version 1.1. However, at the moment a new, still unstable version of the package has already been released - 2.0. In version 2.0, some fundamental changes have been made: in particular, document formats have been changed; the Open Document standard is now used, file extensions have changed. Version 2.0 is currently available along with 1.1 in a separate package; they can be installed in parallel.
Launch of OpenOffice.org
OpenOffice.org can be launched both from the main menu (where it appears in the “Office” section) and by command ooffice - key . You can view available launch keys using the key -help. When launched without a key, the main OpenOffice.org window starts. For each application from the kit there is also a separate command of the form oo application , For example oowriter .
Table 1. Basic keys for launching OpenOffice.org
Using command line options, it's easy to create icons to launch OpenOffice.org applications.
In file managers that support MIME file types (for example, Konqueror), you can establish an association between a file with a certain extension and one of the OpenOffice.org applications: in this case, when you open the file in the file manager, the desired application will automatically launch.
OpenOffice.org 1.1 adopted the following extensions files:
OpenWriter text editor
Appearance
The main window of the OpenWriter text editor after launch looks something like what is shown in Figure 1, “Appearance of the OpenWriter text editor”. Currently, active work is underway on a new translation of the OpenOffice.org interface, so some Russian names of interface elements may differ from those given in this manual.
Figure 1. Appearance of the OpenWriter text editor
You can change the appearance of OpenWriter using the View menu, or by right-clicking on the desired element. This way you can add or remove an element from the screen or change the set of standard buttons. The most complex interface settings can be made through the menu Service → Settings.
The user can choose one of three options for displaying the document - standard, full screen and web layout mode. Switching modes is done in the menu View → Full screen or View → Web page mode. In addition, you can switch between standard and full screen modes using a keyboard shortcut Ctrl -Shift -j .
Figure 2. OpenWriter Full Screen Mode
The scale of the displayed text is indicated in the document status bar. You can change the scale in different ways:
select the menu item View → Scale;
double-click with the left mouse button over the scale size in the status bar to open a dialog box;
If you have a mouse with a scroll wheel, press the key Ctrl and, holding it, rotate the scroll wheel.
Entering text
When entering text, you don't have to worry about breaking the end of the line; OpenWriter will do it automatically. The enter key should only be pressed when a new paragraph begins.
The most convenient way of working is to first enter the text in full, then correct typos, and only then format the text.
After a while of filling a document with text, OpenWriter begins to suggest options for continuing long words. One of the most convenient features of OpenOffice.org - autocomplete - has started working. To agree with the proposed option, just click Enter; If the suggested word continuation option does not suit you, just continue typing. This feature is very helpful when entering long terms or words in another language, especially for those who have not yet learned to type quickly.
If there are several words in the text that begin with the same combination of letters, then using key combinations Ctrl -Tab or Shift -Ctrl -Tab, you can choose the right words from the list of words that OpenWriter has remembered.
To configure auto-fill, select Tools → from the menu. AutoCorrect/AutoFormat → Completing a word. In the same section of the menu, by entering the Replace item, you can set up automatic correction of the most common typos. Now, even if you type a word incorrectly, OpenWriter will change it without waiting for the spell check. In the Exceptions item, you can assign abbreviations after which the sentence does not automatically begin with a capital letter.
Figure 3. Dialog box AutoCorrect/AutoFormat
Move through text
You can use the cursor keys in conjunction with the Ctrl- in this case, the left and right arrow keys move the cursor one word (before the space or punctuation marks) to the left or right, and the PageUp And PageDown- to the beginning or end of the document.
When working with large documents, problems often arise with orientation in the text and rapid movement through it. To make it easier to work with multi-page texts in OpenWriter, there is a special tool - “”. It can be called by the function key F5, the "" button on the function bar or double-clicking on the page number in the status bar.
Figure 4. Navigator
The navigator is an interactive table of contents of a document, in which all the elements that make up the document are presented in a hierarchical form.
In the Navigator window, there is a function panel at the top, possible document objects are listed in the center, and a drop-down list at the bottom contains a list of all open documents.
To quickly move between document objects, it is convenient to use the “Navigation" window, which can be called up with a button from the Navigator function panel or the button located at the bottom right of vertical stripe scroll.
Figure 5. Window "Navigation"
By selecting the required document element in this window, for example “Page” or “ Graphic object", you can click on the "up" or "down" arrows to move between the selected elements. To move to the desired page, enter the number of this page in the window on the Navigator function panel and click Enter .
The central window of the Navigator lists all possible text elements. The objects used in this document are presented as a drop-down list. By double-clicking on it with the left mouse button, you can see the structure of objects and their hierarchy, and using the group of tools in the right corner of the function panel you can change the levels of these objects and move them.
Working with text fragments
OpenWriter provides several alternative methods for highlighting text. You can select text character by character by holding down the key Shift and moving the cursor using the keys. Holding Ctrl -Shift, you can select text not character by character, but word by word. Key combination Shift -PageUp highlights the text up the page, and Shift -PageDown- down the page. Key combination Ctrl -A Highlights all document text. You can also select all text through the menu item Edit → Select all.
You can also select text character by character by holding left button mouse and moving the cursor. Double-clicking the left mouse button selects a word, and triple-clicking a line of text. When a key is pressed Shift left click will highlight text from position text cursor to the mouse cursor position.
You can select several pieces of text in different places in the document by pressing and holding the key Ctrl, left mouse button to select the necessary text fragments. This function is called " Group text selection».
You can change the selection mode by clicking on the status bar above the STANDARD label. You can also switch between STANDARD and ADD modes by pressing F8. The following abbreviations are used in this line for the different modes:
Selected text can be moved by holding the left mouse button and dragging the selected fragment to the desired location; you can also copy it to the clipboard, paste it from the clipboard, or delete it (cut it from the text and place it in the clipboard). There are several ways to do this:
via the Edit menu;
through a pop-up menu accessible by right-clicking;
key combination: copy - Ctrl -c, insert - Ctrl -v, cut - Ctrl -x .
Document exchange: import and export
You can save the document using the menu File → Save, the “Save" button on the function bar or the hot key Ctrl -s. If the document has already been saved, the button on the toolbar will be inactive. When you save a document for the first time, a dialog will open where you need to enter a file name and, possibly, specify the document type (if you are not satisfied with the default document type).
Figure 6. Save Document Dialog Box
The file name is entered in the “File name” field; it can be entered indicating a relative or absolute path. To go to another directory, double-click on the directory name in the list. To make it more convenient to navigate through the catalogs, you can sort the list by clicking on one of the column headings. For example, to sort by file type it is obviously "Type"; Clicking the same heading again will sort by reverse order(indicated by an arrow).
The up level button is used to go to the parent directory; If you hold it for more than one second, a menu will appear that allows you to go up several levels at once.
The next button is used to create a new directory (in the current directory): you will need to enter the name of the new directory and confirm its creation.
The rightmost button is used to navigate to the directory where all documents will be saved by default. You can change this directory in the dialog: Tools → Options → OpenOffice.org → Paths → My Documents.
Option " Automatic file name expansion" is used to set the extension according to the " File type " field. Option " Save with password» allows you to save a file that can only be opened by entering a password (at least 5 characters).
In addition to saving in your own format, OpenWriter allows you to export and import documents in formats such as:
Portable Document Format (PDF);
into formats for handheld computers with PalmOS and PocketPC operating systems.
Microsoft Word different versions;
Rich Text Format (rtf);
StarOffice format versions 3–5;
text file;
To export to a simple text file, you must select the file type " Coded text", specify the file name and click the "Save" button. In the window " ASCII Filter Options» you can select the required encoding. To open a plain text file with an encoding other than Latin-1, you must specify the file type " Coded text» and select the required file encoding in the dialog box.
Figure 7. Selecting encoding when saving a text file
Portable Document Format (PDF) is a document developed by Adobe. universal format electronic submission documents, including typography, layout and graphics. By creating a document like this, you can be sure that anyone will be able to see and print it exactly as it was originally intended. The type of document does not depend on which operating system you are viewing the document in; viewing and printing do not require any additional fonts or other components - everything necessary for display is already included in the document.
In order to convert the created document into a pdf file, click the “ Export to PDF" button on the function bar and specify the file name in the dialog box. In order to set the parameters of the created file, select the menu item File → Export to PDF, set the file name in the dialog box and click the “ Export” button. will appear dialog window, where you can select the area of the document to export and optimization options.
On Linux operating systems, received PDF documents can be viewed using xpdf, GhostView, or KghostView.
Printing a document
OpenOffice.org provides special team for printing and utilities for setting up the printer. Printers are configured through the File menu → Printing options, where you can select the printer and set its properties.
The fastest and easiest way to send a document for printing is by clicking the button with a stylized image of a printer on the function panel - immediately after clicking, the entire document will be printed.
Sometimes you need to set special printing options. To do this, use the menu item File → Print or the keyboard shortcut Ctrl -p; in the dialog that opens, select the printer to which you will print and, by clicking on the “Properties” button, set its properties.
Perhaps, before printing, you would like to see on the screen how the document will look on paper. To do this, you can use the menu item File →. Tools for setting viewing properties will appear in the toolbar, but you cannot edit the document in this mode. Button " Close preview» on the toolbar serves to return the editor to normal mode work.
Figure 8. Dialog " Page Preview»
The button for full-screen viewing of a document hides menus, toolbars, scroll bars and leaves only the preview panel. The next two buttons allow you to print the document and set viewing options accordingly.
In Preview mode, you can display multiple pages at a time. In addition, from the window " Page Preview» You can print the text in such a way that on one standard sheet there are several reduced copies of the pages of the document. To do this, set the required number of document pages per sheet by clicking the button Page settings → several pages on the lower context panel, and then click the “Print” button with an image of a printer and two sheets on the same context panel.
Spell check
In OpenWriter, spell checking can be done automatically as you type, or you can call it manually. To automatically check you need to press the button " Automatic spell check» on the left on the main toolbar or through the Tools menu → Spellchecking → Automatic spell check. In this case, words that OpenWriter could not find in its dictionary will be underlined with a wavy red line. If you right-click on a highlighted word, you will be offered options for correction, opening a spell check dialog, adding the word to the dictionary, skipping the word throughout the document, and automatically replacing the word with one of the options selected in the submenu.
To check spelling manually, click on the " Spellchecking» on the left on the toolbar, or through the Tools menu → Spellchecking→ Check or key F7; the check starts from the current cursor position. The icon behind the “Word” field shows its status.
Figure 9. Dialogue for working with a specific word
A certain word can be skipped if it is spelled correctly. Alternatively, you can set the option " Always skip”, if this word appears more than once in the document.
If a word is spelled incorrectly, you can either enter the correct spelling in the “Word” field, or select the appropriate one from the list of options. To replace a word only in this case, click the “Replace” button; to replace it in all similar cases (in the entire document) - “Replace always”.
The Thesaurus button is used to add synonyms to the dictionary; this dialog can also be opened using the Tools → Thesaurus menu or a keyboard shortcut Ctrl -F7. It requires you to enter a word to replace. Please note that not all languages are currently supported.
The "Options" button is used to set parameters and dictionaries that are used to check spelling and hyphenate. The same parameters are set in the settings dialog Tools → Options → Language settings → Linguistics.
If a word is spelled correctly, but it is not in the dictionary, then it can be added to the dictionary. To do this, select the required item in the “Dictionary” field and click on the “Add” button. In this case, all added words that appear later and in other documents will be considered correctly written.
It is possible to check spelling only in part of the text - to do this, before checking, you will need to select a fragment of the text that needs to be checked.
Sometimes words that are known to be correctly spelled are highlighted as incorrectly spelled. This may occur due to the wrong document language being selected. To change the language, you need to select the word, right-click, select Font from the drop-down menu and specify the required language of the word in the Font tab. The same dialog is available through the menu Format → Font.
Figure 10. Language selection dialog
There are no words with the letter e in the standard dictionary, so all words with this letter will be considered incorrect. In order to check texts with the letter ё, you need to install an additional dictionary.
Processing of Cyrillic documents
When working with files containing Cyrillic alphabet, some problems may arise. One of the most common is the incorrect conversion of files created in Microsoft Office 95 to the OpenOffice.org format.
To display such a file correctly, open it in OpenWriter or OpenCalc and select the entire file. Then open the Macro dialog from the menu bar Tools → Macros → Macro. Select the Tools section in the list of macros, and in this section the macro
For the convenience of working with Cyrillic documents, Vladimir Bukhal and Alexey Kryukov developed the CyrillicTools package - a collection of various macros on OpenOffice.org Basic, designed for working with Cyrillic text in the OpenOffice.org 1.1 and higher environment. This package can be downloaded from the website openoffice.ru. In addition to correcting the encoding of Microsoft Office 95 files, the package allows you to enter the amount in words and correct Cyrillic text incorrectly entered in English letters.
Formatting
After the text has been typed and checked, it is advisable to give it an appearance that makes it easier to perceive what has been written. To do this, it is customary to highlight different semantic parts of a document using different typefaces (for example, serif and sans serif) or different styles (italic, bold), indents, additional line spacing (spaces) and other methods.
For example, it is advisable to type the title of the document in larger size and place it in the center of the page, captions to pictures should be in italics, and page numbers should be placed in the lower right corner of each page. Assigning design parameters to certain parts of a document is called formatting.
Formatting can be tough or soft. At hard formatting each specific part of the document - a character, word, paragraph or page - is given certain display parameters. At the same time, formatting is in no way connected with the logical structure of the document and objects that logically belong to the same type may turn out (and almost always turn out to be, as practice shows) designed differently. For example, one of the figure captions will not be in italics, unlike the others.
At soft formatting describes the appearance not of a specific fragment of text, but of the logical part of the document - headings, body text, footnotes, footers, and for each specific part of the document only its role in the document is specified: for example, “ caption for the picture" The description of the design for a certain logical part of a document is usually called a style.
When using styles, it is necessary to logically mark up the document, i.e., indicate its structure. It is noted what in the document is the heading, what is the main text, and what is other elements. In this case, each element will take on the appearance in accordance with the style that is defined for it.
Using logical document layout and soft formatting makes it easier to work with large and complex documents and allows you to automate many stages of working with text - automatically create tables of contents, easily navigate through large documents, quickly change the design, and much more.
Working with styles
When you create a new document, a set of styles from a standard template is automatically loaded. When typing text in a new document, the default style is normal. In the window of used styles, which is located on the left of the context panel, other styles are not displayed.
For logical (soft) document markup, you need to launch the “” function key F11, button on the function bar or from the menu item Format →.
Figure 11. Style Wizard
In the Style Wizard window, the toolbar at the top left contains five buttons for the following style groups: paragraph, character, frame, page, and list. On the right there are three buttons: style fill, create a style from a selection, and update a style based on a sample. The window displays the styles of the current group according to the parameter specified in the list at the bottom of the window. If you set this list to “Automatic”, the Style Wizard will try to select a suitable set of styles for the document you are editing.
To assign a style, you need to place the cursor in the desired paragraph or on the desired page, select the appropriate style in the Style Wizard, and click Enter or double-click with the left mouse button - it will be assigned a new style. To assign a style to a symbol or group of symbols, they must be selected in a standard way.
Let's show how to work with styles using an example. We've already looked at page numbering. However, you can notice that after the numbering is arranged, the number is also on the first page. This is inconvenient in many cases. To remove the number from the first page, you need to assign it the First Page style. To do this, call the Style Wizard, go to the Page Styles section, select the First Page style and click Enter .
The standard template contains a large number of styles, and among them you can almost always choose the most suitable one. However, there are times when standard set is not enough and you need to change the existing style or create a new one.
The easiest way to create a new style is to use the Style Wizard feature Create style from selection. To do this, give the paragraph, character or page the desired format using hard formatting, select this fragment and click the " Create style from selection» on the Style Wizard toolbar. In the window, enter a new name for the style and click OK. A new style has been created. You can now assign a new style to document sections.
Figure 12. Creating a style from a selection
You can make changes to any style in a similar way. Select the required fragment of text and set the fragment to the style to which you plan to make changes. Then give it the format you want using hard formatting and in the Style Wizard, click the button Update style based on sample" The style will take the form you want.
For fine-tuning, open the style editing window. You can call it from the menu Format → Styles → Catalog → Edit or right-click on the desired style and select Edit.
Figure 13. Edit style dialog box
A set of styles created while working on a document can be reused. You can import styles from another document or save them in a template.
To import styles from another document, select Format → Styles → Load from the menu and click the “From File” button. Then select required document. The downloaded styles will be added to the Style Wizard. However, for reusing styles, it is more convenient to use templates.
Templates
A template is usually understood as a file that contains document formatting elements, but does not contain the text itself. When you create a new document from a template, the document inherits styles, page settings (size and orientation), built-in macros, margins, and other values. At the same time, the template itself is protected from accidental changes. Templates are convenient to use when creating documents of the same type - letters, memos, reports, etc.
To create a template, select the required document, remove unnecessary text from it, check the styles and remove unnecessary ones. Please note that styles that are loaded by default cannot be deleted. To make it easier to find and manage a template, give it a name by opening the menu item File → Properties → Description → Title. Then save the new template by selecting File → Templates → Save from the menu. In the dialog box that opens, specify the desired directory and save the new template in it. To create a new directory, click the “Manage” button. In this dialog box, you can create new directories for templates and move templates between directories.
Figure 14. Saving a new template
Now the saved template can be used to create a new document. To do this, use the menu item File → New → Templates and documents and select required template.
Users are often unhappy with the default settings that OpenWriter loads. They can be changed by loading a different template by default. To do this, open the dialog box " Template management", select the template you want, right-click and select " Set as default template" Now, when creating a new document, the necessary parameters will be loaded.
Figure 15. Defining a default template
Hard formatting
Page formatting
To format a page, you need to call the menu item Format → Page. In the Page Style dialog box, you can set its orientation (portrait or landscape), paper size, presence or absence of headers and footers, and other parameters.
Figure 16. Page Style dialog box
Page numbering in OpenWriter causes some difficulties for novice users. The fact is that, unlike other editors, in OpenWriter the page numbering is part of the footer.
A footer is a reference line above or below the main text of a page. In addition to numbering, this line can display other reference information, such as the title of a section or the entire document.
To arrange page numbers, include a header or footer. This can be done using the Insert menu → Page header or Insert → footer, as well as through the Page Style dialog box.
Once the footer is enabled; Select Insert → Fields → Page Number from the menu and page numbers will be automatically placed in the document. If header and footer support is not enabled, the page number will appear at the current cursor position.
Paragraph formatting
A paragraph (from the German absetzen - to move aside) is usually understood as a structural part of the text, which consists of one or several sentences containing a complete micro-topic. When typing, one paragraph is separated from another by a carriage return character, which is entered by pressing a key Enter .
Before formatting paragraphs, it is advisable to remove all unnecessary characters, such as extra spaces at the beginning of lines. In order to make such symbols visual, click the " Non-printing characters» on the vertical main toolbar.
Figure 17. Display of non-printing characters
To format a paragraph, there is no need to select it; just place the cursor anywhere in the paragraph and select the menu item Format → Paragraph, or the Paragraph item in the right-click drop-down menu. In the dialog box that appears, you can configure all paragraph formatting parameters: line spacing, indentation for the first line (paragraph indent) and for the entire paragraph, tabulation, as well as the border and background of the paragraph. Buttons for paragraph alignment are placed on the context panel by default.
Figure 18. Paragraph dialog box
The button for changing the tab mode is located to the left of the horizontal ruler. Consistently clicking on it with the left mouse button changes the tab type:
Left
The text will be limited to the left and typed from this position in right side.
On rightText is constrained to the right and flows to the left from that position.
CenteredText appears evenly to the left and right of the tab stop.
DecimalText printed before the delimiter character (the "Mark" field) will appear to the left of the tab stop, and text after it will appear to the right. This type is primarily needed to align columns of numbers with an unequal number of digits before and after the decimal point. When using it, all commas in such numbers will be exactly one above the other. However, if you change the value of the Sign field, you can use this type of alignment for other purposes.
Hyphenation
Using paragraph alignment in many cases increases the distance between words in the text, which is especially noticeable when there are long words. In this case, it is advisable to use hyphens.
In order for OpenWriter to be able to hyphenate text, you need to set the language properties to Russian (menu Tools → Options → Language settings → Languages, field “Western”).
Hyphenation can be done automatically or manually. Automatic hyphenation is set in the paragraph properties - in the “Paragraph” dialog on the On page tab in the section Hyphenation you need to enable the “Automatic” option.
You have the opportunity to manually designate the location for the desired transfer: to do this, you need to place a so-called soft transfer. Place the cursor at the position in the word where you can hyphenate, and insert a soft hyphen using a key combination Ctrl -- . You can search for all words that can be hyphenated using the function Hyphenation in the Service menu.
Figure 19. Dialog box " Hyphenation»
The = sign indicates the location of possible transfer; - indicates the place where it will definitely be produced. To set up a transfer, click the “Transfer” button; To stop hyphenation, use the “Cancel” button. You can move to the next word without hyphenating the current one by clicking on the “Next” button. A previously installed transfer can be canceled using the “Remove” button.
To ensure that a word is never hyphenated, you need to add it to the dictionary with an = sign at the end.
Formatting lists
OpenWriter has extensive list formatting capabilities. Numbered and unnumbered lists with great nesting depth are supported. To format the list, place the cursor on the paragraph with which you intend to start the list and click the “Numbering" or "Bullets" button on the context panel, depending on what type of list you need. All paragraphs following the current one will be converted to a list.
When working with a list, the context panel will change its appearance. An arrow-shaped button will appear in the right corner, which opens or removes the contextual numbering panel. By calling this panel, you can adjust the nesting depth of lists, the appearance and methods of text marking.
Figure 20. Contextual numbering panel
The contextual numbering panel can also be accessed using the function key F12, and the dialog box Numbering/labeling right-click from the drop-down menu, or through the Format menu → Numbering/labeling.
Figure 21. Dialog box " Numbering/labeling»
Formatting a character or group of characters
To format a group of characters, you first need to select them. Then you can select the required font, its style and size, design effects, position of the group of characters relative to the line in the menu Format → Font.
Figure 22. Symbol formatting dialog
Some sections of this dialog box are placed on the context panel to speed up formatting. From the default context panel you can select the font name, its size, main styles and color. You can add or remove a button from the context panel by right-clicking over it and selecting Show Buttons from the drop-down menu.
Spreadsheets
OpenCalc main window
After loading OpenCalc, the main window appears on the screen. The main difference between this window and the similar one in OpenWriter is that an input line appears under the context menu. It is intended for entering values and formulas into table cells.
Figure 23. OpenCalc main window
Sheet working area
The sheet field consists of cells. A cell is the smallest structural unit of a spreadsheet; it has an address determined by vertical and horizontal coordinates. The first is the column name (the first part of the address); it can have values from A to IV. The second is the line number (the second part of the address) and has a value ranging from 1 to 32000.
To the right and top of the worksheet there are rulers with the names of the columns and rows. To select an entire column, click on the cell with its name in the top ruler; to select the entire row - by the cell with its name on the left ruler. The name of the selected row or column is displayed in bold; If you select one cell, both parts of the address located on the rulers will be displayed in bold.
IN status bar information about the operating modes of the table is displayed.
Selecting a sheet for work is done by clicking the left button; if you right click on sheet navigator, a dialog box will open where the following operations will be available:
Insert - creates a new sheet.
Delete - used for unnecessary sheets.
Rename - allows you to assign a different name to the sheet.
Move/copy - allows you to make copies of sheets, transfer existing sheets to other documents, and change their order.
Select All - selects the entire sheet.
Data input
Data is entered into a specific cell: before you enter anything, you need to select the cell. The text you type will appear in the cell where you type and in the input line (above), which is especially useful since the cell may contain more characters than its current width allows for display.
If the adjacent cells to the right do not contain values, then the entered string will be displayed in full; otherwise, only part of the line will be displayed and a red arrow will appear in the cell.
To display the entire information, you must either stretch the cell width or allow line breaks.
Figure 24. Entering data into a cell
You can change the width (height) of a line in several ways:
Automatically
Double-click on the right-hand border bar of the column title and OpenCalc will adjust the width for the column, choosing the width needed to display the cell with the longest content. The same can be done through the menu: Format → Column → Optimal width
ManuallyLeft-click on the column title border strip and, without releasing it, move it to the desired width.
ExactlySelect any cell in the column whose width you want to change, and then select the menu Format → Column → Width; In the window that opens, enter the exact size.
To enable line breaks, click Ctrl -Enter, or right-click on the cell and select Format Cells, or select the menu item Format → Cell and then select the “Alignment” tab; Here check the box “Line break”.
Figure 25. Cell Attributes dialog box
In the same window you can set the vertical and horizontal alignment text and writing direction (text rotation angle). Alignment allows you to determine the position of text in a cell (left, right, center, bottom, top). Writing direction allows you to write in cells at a given angle.
It should be noted that if text begins with an = sign, it will not appear in the cell because OpenCalc considers such text to be a formula. If you need to print text starting with the = sign, then you must put a single quote as the very first character. If you need to start a line with a quotation mark, you must enter the quotation mark twice.
Entering formulas
One of the purposes of spreadsheets is calculations, so we will now look at the basic rules for typing formulas.
As already noted, entering a formula begins with an equal sign, then the formula itself is written. For example: =4+16. By writing this formula and clicking Enter, we will see the number 20 in the cell. Of course, formulas without variables usually don’t make much sense, so now let’s see how to use variables, which are cell addresses in OpenCalc. For example, if we wrote the number 20 in A1, then if we write the formula =A1^2 in B1 and press Enter the number 400 appears in cell B1.
Basic arithmetic operations, accessible by OpenCalc:
In addition to these operations, OpenCalc offers a wide range of functions in the following categories:
working with databases;
time and date processing;
financial;
informational;
brain teaser;
mathematical;
working with arrays;
statistical;
text;
additional.
For the convenience of writing formulas in OpenCalc, "". To call it, click the "" button to the left of the input line.
In the Wizard window, you can enter functions and check that they are entered correctly; The list of available functions depends on which category you select. In addition to the categories listed above, for convenience, “All” and “ Recently Used».
Figure 26. Function Wizard
The “Formula” edit field displays the current formula, which can be directly edited, or you can, by placing the cursor in the required position, double-click on the function name from the list, and the selected function will be inserted into the input window. All that remains is to either enter the argument from the keyboard, or press the button with the cell image and select the cell whose value will be the argument.
In the “Structure” tab, the typed formula is expanded into a tree, which is very helpful when editing formulas, allowing you to track the order in which the formula is calculated.
For the case when the formula is quite simple (contains the signs +, -, *, /, ^), but consists of a relatively large number of variables, consider the following example:
Let it be necessary to calculate A1+C5*B4 ; for this:
Press = , then use the cursor arrows to select cell A1 (the first time you press the cursor key, a red rectangle cursor will appear). Then press + and select C5, press * and finally select B4. In this way, you can quickly create formulas using the keyboard (cells can also be selected with the mouse pointer).
After entering = followed by a letter, OpenCalc automatically displays the name of the function starting with that letter. This feature allows you to type not the entire formula, but only its first letters, and then, if the proposed function is exactly the one you need, all you have to do is press Enter .
It happens that when entering formulas, you need to pass not a cell address, but an entire area as their arguments - for example, you need to sum all the values in column A, starting from address A2 to address A11. Of course, you can write =A2+A3+...+A10+A11 - but it is much easier and in any case more correct to write =Su, then use the hint (Sum) and click Enter, enter the range A2:A11 in brackets.
The worksheet area is specified by indicating the address of the upper left cell, followed by a colon and indicating the lower right cell. The area can also be specified using the mouse.
Autofill
Sometimes it is necessary to perform the same type of calculations for large quantity same type of data. The spreadsheet allows you to enter the formula only once - when you copy it to another cell, the parameters will be automatically replaced with new values.
Let the task be to calculate cos(x), where x is given in degrees. To solve it, we perform the following steps:
Enter the text “Angle” in cell A1, the number “0” in cell A2, and “1” in cell A3. Select cell A2 and, without releasing the mouse button, also select cell A3. Cell selection can also be done using the cursor keys: select A2, then press Shift -arrow to down .
Next, move the mouse over the lower right corner of the selected area; the cursor will take the form of a cross. By clicking and holding the left mouse button, select an area of 360 cells with a red rectangle, that is, the last cell selected should be cell A361. In this case, the number 360 will appear in the yellow tooltip rectangle.
An example of auto-completion has just been discussed. OpenCalc automatically increases cell values by one when the red selection area expands. In principle, it would be enough to just enter "1" and simply multiply the cell, since OpenCalc by default multiplies cells by arithmetic progression in increments of "1". If you hold Ctrl, then the cell values will be multiplied by simple copying.
Now we can just as easily calculate the values of the cosines of all angles; first you need to return to the top of the page using Ctrl -Home(return to the beginning of the sheet) or Ctrl -up arrow (go to the top field of the block).
Enter “cos(angle)” in B1, and “=c” in B2 in Latin and press Enter; further, switching to Russian, “r”; Enter, left arrow and Enter. So, with just a few clicks, the formula “=COS(RADIANS(A2))” was entered. Now, by clicking the cross-shaped cursor on the lower right edge of the cell, you can apply the formula to all angle values. The result is the values of the cosines of all angles.
Cell Format
OpenCalc, like any modern spreadsheet, supports various data formats in cells, which determine their display in the table. For example, the text 3/4/01 will be assigned the format Date. If we change the cell format to a number, we get 36954.
To change the cell format, right-click on the cell and select Cell Format in the context menu and the “Numbers” tab in the window that opens.
In our cosine example, change the number of decimal places displayed (parameter value fraction ) by 7 . Our format will automatically be listed in the Number and User Defined categories.
Links
Let's return to the example of calculating cosine. Suppose now we need to calculate the function “cos(angle+phase)”. Let's say the phase is a constant and should be stored in cell C2. Then change the formula in B2 from “=cos(radians(A2))” to “=cos(radians(A2+C2))” and multiply by all 360 values. There will be practically no effect: the fact is that we did not say that our phase is constant, that is, the formula “=cos(radians(A3+C3))” was written in cell B3. There is no data in C3, so OpenCalc thinks that "0" is written in C3. To prohibit changing a variable by column or row, you need to enter a $ sign in front of the coordinate. Now let’s prohibit changing the row coordinate by changing C2 to C$2 in our formula.
To quickly insert $ into an edited address, it is convenient to use the keyboard shortcut Shift -F4. If you press this combination once, a $ sign will be added to the column coordinate and row coordinate; twice - only to the row coordinate, three - to the column coordinate. The fourth press is equivalent to the first.
Since an OpenCalc document contains multiple sheets, addressing between sheets is also possible. Up to this point, we have considered local addressing, which operates within a single leaf; The full cell address looks like this:
<Название листа>.<Локальный адрес ячейки>.
Diagrams
Now all that remains is to insert the diagram of our calculation. This is done very simply: Select two columns A and B. Select Insert → Diagram from the menu
Figure 27. Chart auto format
In our case, the first line is the x-axis label, so leave the “ First line as signature" The range of values written in the “Area” field was determined automatically; as expected, it is equal to “$Sheet1.$A$1:$B$361”.
Our diagram can be placed either on one of the existing sheets or on a new sheet. If you place a diagram on a new sheet, it will occupy the entire sheet, which is very convenient for printing diagrams on a whole sheet. In our example, Sheet1 is selected to place the chart.
After filling out each dialog box, you need to click the “Next" button and select the chart type in the next window:
2D charts
Lines; with regions; bar chart; ruled; circular; XY chart; mesh; stock exchange
3D charts3M schedule; with 3M areas; histogram 3M; ruled 3M; circular 3M.
Since in our case the diagram is built using two columns, we will choose an XY diagram. Data series are specified in columns.
Figure 28. XY chart selection
Then we will refine the diagram version. We indicate the name of the diagram; Since there is only one dependency on it, we uncheck the legend box. Enter the labels of the X and Y axes. Then you need to click the “Finish” button.
Figure 29. Diagram constructed
Using OpenDraw
With OpenDraw, you can add high-quality illustrations to any OpenOffice.org document—whether it's a text document, spreadsheet, or presentation. In addition, it is possible to export the drawing to other applications using widely used graphic formats.
Image Types
OpenDraw allows you to create both vector and raster drawings. Raster pictures consist of a limited number of dots and the image in such pictures is formed by a combination of dots of different colors. As a result, the drawings raster type do not scale - more precisely, they look unimportant after resizing. At the same time, raster images are easily transferred from one program to another, since they are essentially reduced to a simple array of dots.
Vector designs are those that consist of objects (lines, rectangles, circles, gradients, etc.) and do not have a fixed resolution; however, they can also include raster images as objects. Vector graphics are highly scalable and can be converted to raster form at any given resolution at any time. Thanks to this property, vector drawings are preferable when creating illustrations for documents; at the same time, when exporting a document to any format external to OpenOffice.org, vector drawings cannot always be used and in such cases are converted to raster images.
OpenDraw is primarily designed for creating vector drawings; to work with raster images there are applications like gimp.
The remainder of this tutorial will primarily discuss vector drawings; bitmap images will only be considered from the point of view of their use as part of vector image, as well as in the context of converting vector images to raster images.
Principles of working with the program
Figure 30. General view of the OpenDraw main window
At the top of the main window there is a menu area; below - panels of functions, hyperlinks, objects; On the left there is a vertical toolbar, a little to the right - a ruler, even lower - a panel of symbols, colors, and finally, at the very bottom of the main window - a status bar. Any of the listed panels can be turned on or off through the menu View → Character Panels.
In the central part of the main program window there is a drawing worksheet. The display scale of the worksheet is set via the menu View → Scale or using the “Scale" tool on the toolbar.
Graphic primitives
Under graphic primitives refers to the minimal graphic objects that make up a vector drawing. Graphic primitives in OpenDraw include: lines and arrows; rectangles; circles, ellipses, arcs, segments and sectors; curves; connecting lines; three-dimensional objects (cube, ball, cylinder, etc.); text. More complex objects can be composed from graphic primitives using the combination function and logical operations on shapes; this will be discussed later.
To create a primitive of one of the listed types, click and hold the button for the corresponding group of primitives on the toolbar. Then, having selected the desired primitive from the drop-down list of icons, release the button. As a result, the primitive creation mode is activated, in which you need to specify the location of the key points and distances of the primitive using the mouse. Different primitives have different numbers of parameters: for example, a simple line has only two parameters, while a curve has an unlimited number. Below we'll talk about the features of creating various primitives.
Lines and arrows
To create a line, specify the starting and end point lines on the drawing sheet: the starting point of the line is set with the left mouse button; then, without releasing the button, place the cursor on the end point of the line and release the button - the line is created.
Connecting lineThis object is created in exactly the same way as a regular line. A special feature of a connecting line is its ability to snap to objects, so when creating a connecting line, instead of the start or end point of the line, you can specify an object - the program itself will select the best point for attaching the line to it.
RectanglesHere you need to indicate the position of two opposite vertices of the rectangle: select the first one by clicking the left mouse button; then, without releasing it, move the cursor to the second point and fix the figure by releasing the button.
Circles, ellipses, arcs, segments and sectorsTo create a circle or ellipse, it is enough to indicate the size of the primitive with two points: specify the first point by pressing the left mouse button without releasing it, move the cursor to the required distance to the second point and release the mouse button. The circle or ellipse will be inscribed in the rectangle defined by the start and end points. To get an arc, segment or sector, you need to specify two more points on the contour of the circle or ellipse, also by pressing and releasing the left mouse button.
3D objectsTo define a three-dimensional object, you need to specify it maximum size in one of two dimensions. A three-dimensional object is created in fixed proportions, which can be changed after its creation.
TextA text object is created by simply clicking the left mouse button in the desired place on the sheet: a typing frame with a text cursor will appear.
When creating text inscribed in a frame, first define the frame with two points: right-click at the first point, move the cursor and release the button at the second point. The font size will be automatically adjusted so that the text occupies the entire area of the specified frame.
LegendA legend is a box with an arrow that is usually used to explain some part of a drawing. It is set, like a regular frame, by two points using the right mouse button. You can then insert text inside the legend frame by double-clicking the left mouse button on the frame. As you enter text, the legend frame automatically resizes.
Bezier curvesBased on trigonometric equations, the French mathematician and engineer Pierre Bézier created a special way to simply and at the same time flexibly describe complex contours for metal-cutting machines used in the automotive industry; this method was called Bezier curves and, due to its simplicity and flexibility, subsequently became one of the most important computer graphics methods.
Bezier curves are built using several points and guide lines. The points along which the curve is constructed are called reference points; each of them is characterized by two segments located on the tangent to the Bezier curve at the reference point (they are called guides). The length of each of them sets the steepness of the next or previous segment of the curve, and the angle of the tangent sets the direction in both directions from the reference point.
When creating a curve in OpenDraw, its anchor points are sequentially indicated using the left mouse button. If, after pressing the button to create a reference point, you do not release the button, you can set the angle and length of the guides; if you do not hold the button, then the length of the guides will be zero, and such a point will be a corner one. The guide of the first anchor point must be specified, otherwise the operation is cancelled. Double-clicking the left mouse button finishes drawing the curve.
Important
Note that when creating a curve, the length of the guides in both directions is the same. You can change the lengths of guides individually after creating the curve using the point editing tool.
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Hold the button Shift when creating a curve, it allows you to specify angles that are multiples of 45 degrees; you can use the button to close the curve Alt .
When working in the X Window System, the button Alt may be used by the window manager, which will prevent this operation from being performed. For example, KDE defaults to Alt combined with left-click to move the window. However, you can close the line by pressing Alt after the right button. The line will be closed, but the last anchor point will become a corner point. This can be easily fixed using the point editing tool. You can also change the window manager settings by giving it a different modifier instead of Alt .
hand drawn lineTo create a drawn line, you need to press and hold the left mouse button and draw the desired curve by hand. The drawn line is also a Bezier curve, only the number of control points, the values and angles of the guides are determined automatically by the program.
PolygonsCreating polygons consists of specifying all the vertices of the polygon. The first vertex is indicated by pressing the left mouse button; to specify the second one, release the mouse button, otherwise the operation will be cancelled; the remaining vertices are indicated by a regular left-click, and the last vertex by a double click. Just like when creating a curve, you can use Alt to close the polygon and Shift for drawing with angles that are multiples of 45 degrees, respectively.
Properties of graphic objects
Each object - already modified, combined, transformed, or simply a graphic primitive - has a certain set of characteristics, such as size, color, rotation angle, font family and size, etc. Moreover, from the point of view of modification, objects can be divided into three groups:
graphic objects characterized by an area (most objects);
graphic objects characterized by private properties (lines, connecting lines, legend);
text objects (plain text).
To change the parameters of objects, first select the object by clicking on any part of it. The program will confirm the selection by highlighting the area where the object is placed with square dots. In this case, primitives that are characterized by an area, as well as text objects, are highlighted by a field of eight square green dots, the rest are highlighted by turquoise dots, which indicate the key points of the object.
You can select several objects at once using the left mouse button while the button is pressed Shift- in this case, the selected objects will be highlighted with one field of eight dots and all further operations will affect all selected objects.
The selection area of an object can be stretched, moved, rotated, etc. Stretching an area plain text does not change the text size; in all other cases, changing the size of the selection area results in scaling the object.
Resize and move
The vertex points of a rectangular area of an object are used to resize the object in two dimensions simultaneously, while the points on the sides are used in only one. To perform these actions, “grab” the desired point with the mouse, stretch the area and release the button.
For objects of the second type, when changing the size, control points are used - approximately the same as when changing the size of an area, however, in this case, resizing occurs according to the rules of the object itself: for example, for a Legend, lengthening the index arrow does not lead to a change in the explanation area.
The text object area frame specifies the typing field and line width; changing its size does not change the font size. On the contrary, the text inscribed in the frame depends on the size of the specified area, in this case the text is scaled automatically so that all the text fits in the specified area.
To move an object, left-click on any part of the object, move the object without releasing the button, and releasing it, commit the change.
Text inside objects
Almost all objects (except three-dimensional ones) can contain text in one form or another. For text objects this is, of course, the main function; for others - additional.
If you do double click left mouse button on the object, a cursor will appear that allows you to enter or correct text inside the object. Its properties can be changed in the same way as for text objects - using the tools of the object panel, the Format menu, or using the context menu.
Effects
For other operations on objects, such as rotation, mirroring and others, the effects panel is used.
By selecting the rotate tool in the effects panel, you will see that the object's selection points will take on a circular shape. Depending on the type of object selected, each point gives access to different functions. When you hover the mouse over the desired point, the cursor changes appearance, indicating a possible operation; In addition, when an operation is performed, the name and detailed data on the current operation appear in the status bar. If for the selected object the function corresponding control point, is not applicable, the cursor changes to a crossed out circle.
The vertices of the rectangle that bounds the object's selection area can be used to rotate the object in the plane of the sheet. Moreover, the rotation will occur relative to the center, shown as a small circle with a crosshair. By default, the center of rotation is set exactly in the center of the object's selection area, but you can move it with the mouse to any point on the page. For three-dimensional objects The points at the vertices of the selection area allow you to rotate them in the plane of the sheet.
Points on the sides of an object's selection area are used to distort the object in the appropriate direction. For 3D objects, these points allow them to be rotated in a plane that is perpendicular to the paper plane and parallel to the side of the rectangular selection containing the selected control point.
The “Effects” panel allows you to perform other useful operations on objects, such as deformations, mirror reflections at any angle, constructing an object by rotating a flat prototype, and adjusting transparency.
Using the Point Editor
The point editing mode can be called through the Edit Points tool on the objects (or options) panel, the contextual drop-down menu (Edit Points item) or from the keyboard with the button F8 .
This mode is available for objects built from Bezier curves. If you want to change the shape of another type of object using the point editing mechanism, you will need to first convert the object to Bezier curves using the Convert contextual drop-down menu item (this applies to most objects).
In point editing mode, you can change the point type, close a curve, add and delete points using the point editor tools that appear in the object panel after enabling point editing mode. Select the desired point with the right mouse button - you will be able to change the angle and size of the guide lines of the selected reference point. In this way, you can change the degree of bending of the line according to different sides from this point.
The anchor points themselves can be moved, deleted, added, and changed their type. In addition, the Edit Points panel has tools for closing or opening a curve and converting a line to a Bezier curve.
For convenience, OpenDraw distinguishes three types of anchor points:
Symmetrical transition
A reference point with guide segments of equal length. When you change the length of one symmetrical transition guide, the second one also changes its length.
Smooth transitionThis is a regular reference point with guides of different lengths and separately adjustable.
Corner pointThis is the reference point at which the curve seems to break. The guide segments of the corner point may not lie on the same line and may have different lengths.
Having selected the desired anchor point, you can easily change its type using the tools in the “Edit Points” panel.
Area Properties
The area of an object, if it exists, can be very flexibly configured through the tools of the object panel (menu Format → Area or context menu Area). It can have different contents, cast a shadow and be transparent. The filling can be a color fill, a gradient fill, hatching, or a raster texture. Shadow and transparency also have their own settings, which can be found on the corresponding tabs of the area properties window.
Line properties
Every OpenDraw object contains lines - even if it is a text object and its border is not shown by default. A dialog box that allows you to customize the appearance of these lines can be called up through the tools of the object panel, menu Format → Line or through the context menu Line. In this case, you can change the color, thickness, set transparency and provide the ends of the line with arrows of various types.
Text properties
For text and text-containing objects, it is possible to change the appearance and properties of the text through the tools in the object panel, the Format menu, or the context menu.
Text properties are called up using the tools of the object panel, menu Format → Text or context menu Text. Here it is determined whether the text will be inscribed in the frame or vice versa - the text will determine the dimensions of the frame, as well as whether various effects creeping line when displaying text on the screen.
To change the properties of characters and paragraphs, use other menu items Character and Paragraph of the context menu or the same items of the Format menu.
Naming objects
To simplify working with drawings of complex structures, OpenDraw has the ability to assign certain types names, which then appears in the status bar every time you select an object. In addition, named objects are displayed by Navigator as individual elements structure of the drawing.
You can only assign a name:
group of objects;
inserted objects: raster image, OLE object, formula, etc.
Graphic styles
Like a text document, a drawing can contain styles, but only one type - graphic. Graphic style is a comprehensive set of attribute values for a wide variety of graphic objects. When applied to an object, a style overrides the existing values. of this object attributes, replacing them with the values specified for this style.
Graphic styles are especially useful for creating complex designs with repeating elements; they are indispensable for drawings, various diagrams, diagrams, etc. To create, modify, apply and delete them, it is most convenient to use the Style Wizard, which can be called up from the Format menu → button F11 or instrument (" On off. Style Master") in the function bar.
By selecting an object or several objects using the Style Wizard, it is easy to apply any style: just double-click on at the right point in the Style Wizard window.
To change a style, just click on it and select Edit from the drop-down menu. Changes to the style will affect all graphic objects to which it was applied.
Converting Objects
Any object in OpenDraw can be converted into one form or another depending on its type; possible options are contained in the Transform context menu, which displays a list of valid transformations for the selected object. So, for example, for three-dimensional objects there are only two options, but for a rectangle there are already seven. By transforming objects, you can obtain new objects with completely different properties than the original object, as well as different in appearance.
Positioning objects
OpenDraw has powerful tools for positioning objects. Often there is a need to align objects relative to each other, page or line; To perform these actions, use the tools on the “Arrangement” and “Alignment” panels, as well as the Distribution item of the context menu or the Actions menu. The tools on the options panel help you accurately place objects.
Alignment
Any object can be aligned relative to the page margins using the appropriate tools in the Alignment tear-off panel.
There are separate tools for horizontal and vertical direction- in the center and along the edges of the sheet. If you select several objects at once (while holding down the Shift), then using the same tools you can align objects relative to the edges or center of the selection area.
Location
Depending on the order of creation, an object may overlap part of another object(s) or be occluded by other object(s). To control the location of objects in depth, use the tools of the “Arrangement” tear-off panel.
The panel contains tools for moving an object directly to the foreground or background, sequentially changing its position (behind the object or in front of the object), changing its position relative to specific object. It is also possible to swap places (in depth) of two objects.
Distribution
This feature makes it possible to align multiple objects relative to each other so that the distances between objects relative to the outlines or centers of the objects are equal. In this case, the outermost objects in the chain do not move.
To use this feature, you must first select three or more objects, and then select Distribute from the context menu or from the Actions menu.
Accurate object placement
The OpenDraw Options Bar has a number of convenient tools to make it easier to accurately position objects relative to each other or to the sheet. Precise positioning is achieved by creating special marks or markers in the form of dots or lines on the drawing field, which can subsequently be used to facilitate the alignment of objects. Such marks are called bindings.
OpenDraw supports several types of snaps:
net
A grid is superimposed on the page margin. When this snap is enabled, objects can be moved or scaled strictly along the grid nodes.
guide lineCan be horizontal or vertical. To create this snap, you need to left-click on the vertical or horizontal ruler and drag the line to the desired location on the sheet.
custom bindingThe user has the ability to set a reference in the form of a line or point anywhere on the sheet with an accuracy of millimeter. This binding is created using the Insert menu → Line/Anchor point
To perform actions on several objects at once, it is convenient to use the grouping function. To create a group, you must first mark several objects by holding the button Shift, and then select Group from the context menu (or Actions menu) or use the hot button Ctrl -Shift -G .
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If you are using Ctrl -Shift as a keyboard switch and noticed that similar combinations are used in many applications, try setting up language switching by Caps Lock(in this case, register fixation is switched according to Shift -Caps Lock), it's more productive.
The created group behaves like a persistent selection of multiple objects. The advantage of a group over the usual selection of several objects is that it eliminates the possibility of forgetting to select an object before the operation.
A group can always be split using the item Ungroup context menu or Actions menu, or using a button combination Alt -Ctrl -Shift -G .
To edit objects included in a group, there is no need to split the group - the operations of entering and leaving the group are intended for this. You can use the Entry to group (Exit group) items of the context menu or the Actions menu, or the hot button F3 (Ctrl -F3 ).
You can leave the group by double-clicking the left mouse button outside the group area, and enter, respectively, by double-clicking on the area of any object included in the group.
After you have entered a group, objects not included in this group are displayed more faded. This is done to make it easier to distinguish objects included in this group from others, as well as to indicate the mode of being in the group.
Combining objects
Unlike grouping, which is necessary mainly to perform a series of identical operations on a large number of objects, when combining selected objects, a new object with new properties is created. The resulting combination inherits the properties of the object created first, or more precisely, the one that is behind all other objects selected for the combination. You can only combine objects that can be converted to Bezier curves.
Creating a combination is as easy as grouping objects. To create a combination, you must first mark several objects (by holding down the button Shift), and then select the Combine item from the context menu (or Actions menu) or use the hot button Ctrl -Shift -K .
Transparent holes appear at the intersections of objects in the combination; this property is a payment for the opportunity to break a combination. This method can also be used as a temporary union of objects before performing logical operations on them.
The resulting combination can always be disconnected using the item Disconnect combination context menu (or Actions menu) or using a button combination Alt -Ctrl -Shift -K .
When you combine some types of objects, the object is (irreversibly) converted to Bezier curves, so although the combination can always be unlinked, the combining operation is not completely reversible.
Logical operations on objects
OpenDraw allows you to logically add, subtract, and intersect objects. To perform logical operations, you must select multiple objects (while holding down the Shift), then using the Merge, Subtraction or Intersection items of the Forms context menu or the Actions → Forms menu, perform the desired operation. As a result, a new object is formed that inherits the properties of the oldest one (or, more precisely, the one located deeper than all the other selected ones).
Logical operations are irreversible, so if you want to undo the operation, then the only way is to use the OpenDraw undo function, which is available through the menu Edit → Undo or by hot button Ctrl -Z .
At next boot, check the box " Don't show this dialog again" If you want to have an idea of what the presentation will look like, leave a checkmark in the “ Preview” box.
You can move to the next window by clicking the “Next” button. In the second step you will need to set the slide style and " Presentation Presenter" In the third window, you can select options for switching between presentation frames.
Next, click the “Finish” button. A window with a slide creation dialog will open. Here enter the name of the new slide, decide on the layout (view) of the slide and the options “show background" and " show objects in the background».
To add a new slide, right-click in an empty space and select Slide → Insert Slide from the context menu or through the Insert → Slide menu - the slide creation dialog will open.
OpenImpress allows you to make a copy of a specific slide and paste it as a new slide: select Insert → from the menu Duplicate slide.
Presentation modes
On the right side of the control panel, on the scroll bar, there are six tools for controlling the mode of working with the presentation.
The top button “Drawing mode" is used to view and edit slides individually. When you select this operating mode, tabs with slide names will be visible at the bottom left of the horizontal scroll bar - to go to the one you need, just click on the tab with its name.
The next tool allows you to switch to viewing mode for the slide structure, which is presented as a hierarchical list; The first level of the hierarchy is slides (their titles are displayed). To go to a slide, you need to select any element related to it; You can also edit the title here. To add a slide, just enter text and make it the first level of the hierarchy (use the keys to change the level Shift -Tab , Tab or toolbar).
The next tool, Slide Mode, controls the order of the slides. To change the order, simply drag the slide from one place to another.
Tool " Notes mode» allows you to enter text that will only be visible in Notes mode.
“Abstract mode” allows you to place slides on one page and enter their descriptions.
In the lower left corner there is a toolbar that allows you to add a background to your slides; You can switch between slide mode and background mode (the first two buttons do this).
In " background mode" You can add a background that will be visible on all slides, but it cannot be edited. You can add, for example, a text message or a picture. To make the background visible or invisible on a specific slide, right-click on the slide and in the context menu select Slide → Slide Style and then style the slide with or without a background. In the same dialog, you can select one of the possible styles by clicking on the “Load” button, and, having selected the one you need, confirm your choice.
Working with a slide
To work with a slide, you can use the tools located on the main tools panel (on the left):
The arrow tool is used to select objects. The next tool in the form of a sheet of paper with a magnifying glass is used to change the scale of the document; its menu has several buttons that allow you to select the optimal document scale.
The next group of tools is used to insert various objects onto a slide - text, rectangular shapes, ellipses and circles, three-dimensional objects, curves, lines and arrows, connecting lines.
To change the position of an object, the following group of tools is used. For example, to rotate an object, you can select the object, click the rotation button and, using the mouse to “grab” the red markers around the object, rotate the object in different directions. To align an object on the page (both horizontally and vertically), use the following tool. The Arrangement tool allows you to change the order of overlapping (“layering”) objects.
A group of elements that change the effects of objects can make a presentation more attractive; it “hides” behind the “Effects” button. Effect selection buttons allow you to select the object to which they will be applied. The first allows you to select options for the appearance of the slide, the second - only text effects.
Below, in the drop-down list, the category of effects is specified, from which the required one is ultimately selected; the speed of its execution is also set. To evaluate the consequences, click on the button " Preview Window" To apply an effect to an object, use the Assign button.
After clicking on the “Order” button, a list of the order in which objects appear in the presentation slide appears; you can change it simple drag and drop the selected object to the desired position.
The next button on the left toolbar is “ Interaction", which allows you to determine what action should be performed when you click on an object. This could be moving to a slide, executing a program, and much more.
The penultimate tool allows you to apply 3D effects to an object. The last tool provides a presentation view mode.
Once you create a slide, you can always edit it. The title of the created slide can be changed by clicking on the object labeled “ Add a title with a mouse click" The name of the created slide is displayed on the tab next to the scroll bar. If you right-click on it, you can rename the slide, delete it, insert a new one, or change the slide layout. Text properties can be changed by selecting one of the items in the drop-down context menu.
The Text item allows you to set the properties of the text and the creeping line effect. On the “Text” tab, set the properties of the frame: size and position of the text. On the “Crawling line” tab, you can set effects for text animation.
To add a picture, click on the house icon and select the picture in the dialog that opens. Right-clicking gives access to the following properties Pictures:
Text
Text effects overlaid on an image. (Text can be superimposed on the image by double-clicking the left mouse button.)
Position and sizeSets the position, size, rotation, tilt of the image.
Original sizeInstalls initial size Images.
Color resolutionAllows you to set the tonal depth of the image, that is, the number of bits allocated to encode the color of each pixel. Greater depth means more colors displayed.
LocationDetermines the level of an object in the “stack”.
AlignmentSets the position of the object on the slide (left, center, right, top, middle, bottom).
ReflectAllows you to flip the image vertically or horizontally.
ConvertMakes it possible to convert an image into a polygon, contour, three-dimensional object, body of revolution, raster image. These properties are not always available.
Give an object a nameAllows you to name objects for convenience.
EffectAllows you to apply one of the available effects to an object.
In addition to the ability to arrange objects on a slide, you can specify the background of the slide. To do this, right-click on an empty space on the slide and select Slide → from the context menu. Page settings. In the dialog that opens, open the “
Slide transition effects
Transition effects between slides can be set in the second step of the Presentation Wizard. If this has not been done, correction is needed or you need to make different transitions between slides - use the menu item Demonstration → Slide Transition: a dialog for setting the transition effect to this slide will open.
This dialog is similar to the transition effects settings dialog, but has an addition - a time control button. With its help, you can set the time between changing slides, which, in turn, can be automatic, semi-automatic or manual. The first option specifies the time after which the transition to the next slide will take place.
You can view the created presentation using the button from the Demonstration → Demonstration menu or a keyboard shortcut Ctrl -F2 .
Working with databases in OpenOffice.org
Now it's time to talk about how OpenOffice.org works with data. Indeed, for any modern office suite, working with data is an essential necessity. After all, one of the main tasks when using computers in everyday life is precisely the processing of large amounts of data.
It is assumed that the reader has some understanding of how database management systems, or DBMS for short, work.
It is usually customary to include your own DBMS and tools for working with it in an office package. However, this doesn't make much sense. A DBMS is a complex system that requires significant resources, care, systematic archiving of data and special knowledge for such manipulations. The creators of OpenOffice.org took a different path - they included in their package a mechanism for accessing data from any application, be it OpenWriter or OpenCalc, leaving data storage to other programs.
Let's get acquainted with this data access mechanism in practice. Launch OpenWriter and create new document or open an existing one. Press function key F4 or select in the main toolbar " Data sources" A data access panel will open at the top of the window. So far it contains only one source, entitled “Bibliography”. This is the test base included with OpenOffice.org.
Let's work with data in practice to better understand how access options are implemented. Let's create a small database for accounting books in the school library.
Quit OpenOffice.org and create a directory on disk where you will store the data, for example Documents. Return to the OpenWriter document. Right-click in the field where data sources are listed and select “” or select Tools → from the menu Data sources.
Figure 32. Managing data sources
The "" window will open. Click the button New data source" Give the new source a name - let it be Library. Now let's see what databases we can work with. The list is quite impressive - this includes the good old Dbase, access using ODBC and JDBC drivers, text files, spreadsheet documents, as well as ADO for accessing databases created in MS Access. We currently don't have any databases connected using ODBC, so we'll select Dbase. This is an old and very popular format; those who have been working with computers for a long time can remember many programs that use it, and they probably store data in this format on their hard drive. It is perfect for our task. Select “Database type” - Dbase and indicate the path to the directory that we created for the data. Open the “Dbase” tab and select “Encoding”.
It should be said right away that if you plan to use the files created by Dbase not only when working with OpenOffice.org but also in other programs, to maintain compatibility with them you should select the old encoding " Cyrillic DOS/OS2-866/Russian" and name fields only in uppercase Latin characters no longer than 8 characters per field name. For us now this does not matter, so for simplicity we will choose the “From system” encoding.
Let’s open our Library project and select “Tables”, “Labels” and “Queries” we don’t need. There are no tables, the folder is empty. And that’s right, the table needs to be created.
Right-click and the “Table Project” will open. We need fields for the serial number, author, title of the book, subject to which this book relates. Let's also add the status of the book and a field for notes where the librarian will enter official information.
It is advisable to choose the length of the fields according to the principle of reasonable sufficiency - for an author with a last name, first name and patronymic, probably 80–90 characters will be enough, for a title it is better to make 255 (this is the maximum value for a text field).
The type of fields depends on their function - for the number it is DECIMAL, let it be an integer, we do not need numbers after the decimal point, for the remaining fields CHAR (character), for notes VARCHAR (character variable length). Let's create the fields as shown in the figure and save the table, for example under the name book . We close the “Table Project” and see it in our data source. The table structure appears on the right and you can already enter data into it. Let's introduce some books for training. For convenience, the width of the columns can be adjusted as we did in OpenCalc Our form is good for everyone, but the field names are presented as they are created in the database (that is, in Latin and abbreviated). Let's fix the field names. In the main toolbar, find the item " Form controls" A floating form editing window will open. Turn on editing mode by clicking on the finger button. Now highlight the field to edit. Right-click and select Group to ungroup the field and text label. Select the text label. Now select " Control element" A control window will open - here you can change the title to the Russian name. Those of you who have worked with Microsoft Office's Visual Basic for Application will find many familiar values in these menus. Figure 35. Work to improve the appearance of the form
Now change all the text labels and the form is finally ready. Examine all the control elements and try adding new ones to the created form.
For example, for the “item” and “condition” fields, you can try replacing the simple field with a combo box so that you don’t have to enter the same values for the names of items and the condition of the books each time. This way you can create many simple but useful applications.
In conclusion, I would like to advise what to do if you really need full server databases. Among the free products there are quite powerful DBMSs that are in no way inferior to their commercial counterparts. These are MySQL, ADABAS, Postgres, FireBird and other very worthy products.
[email protected]> and many others.
The authors express their gratitude to everyone who has worked and is working to improve OpenOffice.org.
OpenOffice.org User Guide A. Ionov, Y. Konovalov, A. Novodvorsky, D. Smirnov, I. Trunin OpenOffice.org: User Guide A. Ionov, Y. Konovalov, A. Novodvorsky, D. Smirnov, I. Trunin Large the work on editing the book was carried out by: A. Boyarshinov A. Dobrovolsky A. Prokudin L. Khachaturov M. Shigorin Everyone has the right to reproduce, distribute and/or make changes to this Document in accordance with the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License version 1.1. This Document contains no Invariant Sections; This Document contains the following Text placed on the first cover page: “OpenOffice.ru”; This Document contains the following Text placed on the last cover page: “http://www.altlinux.ru http://www.openoffice.ru”; The text of the License is included in the section entitled "GNU Free Documentation License". An unofficial translation into Russian of the GNU Free Documentation License is placed in this book in the section “TRANSLATION INTO RUSSIAN LANGUAGE OF THE GNU FREE DOCUMENTATION LICENSE” Part I. Getting started with OpenOffice.org 2 User Guide Chapter 1. Launching OpenOffice.org, opening a file Launching OpenOffice .org is done from the system menu.Linux In ALT Linux1, system menu items for loading OpenOffice.org components will appear automatically when OpenOffice.org is installed. In order to create a new document in OpenOffice.org that is already open, you can use the New button (tool) on the toolbar. A short press (less than 1 sec) will open a document of the same type; a long press will open a menu possible types documents: To open a file or create a new one, you can select “Templates and Documents” - this opens a dialog box with which you can select the type of new document or open an existing one. In the list on the left, select the directory from which the document or template is loaded; in the list in the middle, select the type of template or document to open. When you single-click on an object, you can see the document properties on the right side of the dialog box; Double-clicking opens the document or creates a new document based on the template. A new document or open file opens in a new window. A list of recently opened files can be viewed and opened in the File menu; to open a file, select it from the list. You can also open a file by entering a URL, or the path and name of a local file in the URL field on the toolbar, or by selecting the file to open from the URL list, in which case the file opens in the same window. This field supports auto-completion, i.e. As you enter the initial letters, the system completes the string with the first possible option. 1 http://www.altlinux.ru Chapter 1. Launching OpenOffice.org, opening a file Table 1.1. Types OpenOffice documents.org Type Text document Function Creates a new text document Spreadsheet document - Creates a new document Elecs of the throne table Presentation Creates a new document presentation Drawing Creates a new document drawing HTML document Creates a new HTML document Main document Creates a new main document Formula Creates a new document formula Stickers Opens a dialog for creating a document -stickers Business cards Opens a dialog for creating a business card document Templates and documents Opens a dialog for selecting a template, a new document or a previously created document 3 Part II. Basics of working with text documents 6 User's Guide Chapter 2. Text navigation Text navigation means moving the text cursor to the desired place in the document, which can be done using the mouse or keyboard. The first method is carried out using scroll bars by “grabbing” the slider with the mouse or using the arrows on the scroll bar, you can move part of the displayed document. If the mouse has additional buttons or scroll wheel, you can move around the document using them. Using the keyboard, you can move the cursor using the arrow keys and the PageUp, PageDown, Home, and End keys. Clicking the left or right arrow moves the cursor one character to the left or right, respectively. Clicking the up or down arrow moves the cursor one line up or one line down. The PageUp and PageDown keys move the cursor directly one page up or down; Home and End are used to move to the beginning and end of a line, respectively. You can use the cursor keys in conjunction with the Ctrl key - in this case, the left and right arrow keys move the cursor one word (before space or punctuation) to the left or right, and the PageUp and PageDown keys move the cursor to the beginning or end of the document. Chapter 3. Basic principles of working with text 7 Chapter 3. Basic principles of working with text Entering text To enter text, you must create a new one or open existing document OpenOffice.org Writer place the cursor at the place in the document where text will be entered and, using the keyboard, enter it. By default, insert mode is used - the text behind the cursor will move along with the newly added one. If you want the entered text to replace existing text, change the insertion mode to replace using the Insert key. The current mode is shown in the status bar. When entering text, the word auto-completion function is used: long and frequently typed words are supplemented with a variant of a previously entered word with the same beginning. To complete a word, use the AutoComplete key specified in the AutoCorrect settings dialog (Tools menu → AutoCorrect “Word Completion”) in the Apply field (the Ctrl key is used by default). In the same dialog, autocompletion properties are set, such as the minimum number of letters in a word to enable autocompletion, maximum amount words to remember, how auto-completion will be displayed (in the form of a hint or at the end of a word) and some others. Deleting text To delete text to the right and left of the cursor, use the Del and Backspace keys. To delete characters from the cursor to the beginning or end of the current word, use the Ctrl-Backspace and Ctrl-Del combinations. To delete a fragment, you can select it and press the Del or Backspace key. Various ways to highlight text are given in the next chapter. Selecting text To select text using the mouse, move the cursor to the beginning of the selected fragment, press the left button and, without releasing it, move the cursor to the end of the selected text fragment. 8 User Guide The selected text will be presented in inverted color (white on black by default). If you need to select only one word, then just double-click on it; To select the entire line, triple-click. To select text using the keyboard, place the cursor at the beginning of the selected text fragment and, while holding down the Shift key, move it to the end. To select the entire contents of a document, use the keyboard shortcut Ctrl-A. Text selection is possible in several modes displayed on the status bar: “STAN” - standard (by default), “ADVANCED” - extended (the start of the selection will be the current cursor position) and “ADD” - with addition (it is possible to select several not related to each other other text fragments). Changing the selection mode is done by clicking on the status bar; advanced mode is also toggled using the F8 key. The Shift key enables the extended mouse selection mode, i.e. the current cursor position becomes the beginning of the selection, and the mouse indicates its end. Ctrl key The adding mode is activated, when you can select fragments that are not related to each other. Copying and moving text You often need to copy or move entered text; this can be done using the mouse or keyboard. To move text with the mouse, you need to select a piece of text and drag it to another location. If you need to copy, hold down the Ctrl key. To move text using the keyboard, you can use the keyboard shortcuts: Ctrl-X or Shift-Del to cut the selected text and place it in the buffer, and after placing the cursor in the place where you want to place the text - combination Ctrl-V or ShiftInsert. Copying differs only in using Ctrl-C or Ctrl-Insert - for placing source text to the clipboard - but it will not be deleted from the current position. The key combination Ctrl-up arrow (Ctrl-down arrow) moves the paragraph in which the cursor or selected paragraphs are located up (down). Chapter 4. Formatting text 9 Chapter 4. Formatting text Visually highlighting text You can apply formatting to selected fragments and entered text - for example, change the way characters are displayed: make them italic or thick (bold), change the size and font of characters, the color of characters and background . Formatting is applied to a selection, word, or text you enter—you can use buttons (tools) on the toolbar, hotkeys, or the context menu to do this. The toolbar has the following buttons, where F - Bold K - Italic H - Underlined. You can use hotkeys - a combination of the Ctrl key with the first letter of the character format (English name): Ctrl-B - Bold; Ctrl-I - Italic (Italic); Ctrl-U - Underline (Underline); And also Ctrl-D - Double underscore (Double underline). If you right-click on a selection or word, a context menu will appear. In the “Style” item you can select the type of symbols; This item provides access to more options than the toolbar. You can also apply multiple formats to characters at once, for example Bold-Italic. The use of formatting makes the text more representative, allowing you to highlight the main idea in the text so that the reader pays attention to certain phrases. In OpenOffice.org Writer, you can also change font type, font size, character color, and more; the main properties are displayed on the toolbar. 10 User Manual Changing the font, size, color of characters Font size and type are selected in the drop-down lists on the toolbar. The list of font types shows them as they will appear in the document. The font and size can also be changed using the context menu - by right-clicking on the selection, you can select the required values in the “Font” and “Size” items. Color change buttons are also located on the toolbar. Using these buttons you can change the color of the font, highlight background and the entire paragraph 2. To quickly change the font color, use the button on the toolbar. You can select an area that will be displayed in a different color and click on it, or you can, without selecting the area, click on the button (the cursor will change to a bucket) and “fill” the area by selecting it. The color of the symbol on the tool button corresponds to the color the text in the document will change to; you can select it - to do this, press the button for more than one second and select the desired color in the menu that appears. The background color changes similarly; the color around the symbol on the tool button corresponds to what the background color in the document will change to. You can change the color of a paragraph using a special tool. 2 The terms “Paragraph” and “Paragraph” mean the same thing Chapter 4. Text Formatting 11 Clicking on this button opens a form for selecting a color, which will be the background color for the current paragraph (the one in which the cursor is positioned). Only those buttons that are most frequently used are displayed on the toolbar. However, a font has many more properties; To access them, use the symbol design dialog, which can be opened using the context menu by selecting an area, right-clicking on it and selecting the “Characters...” context menu item. You can also use the “Format” → “Signs” menu. .." This dialog has several tabs, when selected, a new group of text properties opens. Figure 4.1. Text properties On the first tab (“Font”), its properties are set: font, size, format, language used, color. The second tab is more interesting - here you can set additional effects applied to the font - it can be made contour, shadow or embossed. 12 User Guide Font settings grouped on the “Position” tab are responsible for the position of the text relative to the line. Here you can specify the case (index - upper or lower, that is, the vertical offset of the line), tilt angle (0, 90 or 270 degrees) and scaling. On the “Hyperlink” tab, properties for using text as a link to an Internet resource or local file are specified; the main field is the URL, which specifies the path to the resource or file. The display of text before and after visiting the link is selected in the “Character styles” field. Formatting Paragraphs In addition to manipulating fonts, OpenOffice.org Writer allows you to format paragraphs, which allows you to change the placement of text on the page. The paragraph can be left-aligned or right-aligned; You can set automatic numbering for each new paragraph and set its type. The main buttons are located on the toolbar; they are used in relation to the current paragraph or selection. Applies paragraph formatting to the current paragraph or selection. As with formatting characters, you can use hotkeys: Ctrl-L - align to left (align to Left) Ctrl-R - align to right (align to Right) Ctrl-E - align to center (Center) Ctrl-J - alignment to left and right edges (Justify). Sometimes you need to insert a space between words that will not cause a line break - the so-called non-breaking space. This symbol is inserted using the Ctrl-Space combination. Like symbols, a paragraph has many more properties than those that can be controlled on the toolbar; For finer adjustments, use the dialog, which is called up through the “Format” → “Paragraph...” menu or from the context menu (the “Paragraph...” item). Here you set such properties as the amount of indentation on the left and right from the edge of the page, the indentation of the first line, spacing Chapter 4. Formatting Text 13 between lines, etc.; Each group of properties is located on its own tab. If you have to frequently change the alignment method, it is better to use the “free cursor” function: usually the paragraph is aligned along the edge set on the toolbar, and when this function is enabled, you can specify which edge the paragraph text will be aligned to with the mouse. The function is activated by clicking the Free Cursor button on the toolbar. The text is aligned to the edge closest to which the mouse cursor is located - or to the center; this is indicated by a special marker. Table 4.1. Text alignment Left alignment Center alignment Right alignment Line spacing Sometimes you need to set a different spacing between lines (line spacing); This can be done from the context menu by selecting the “Interval” item, or using the following key combinations: Ctrl-1 - Single spacing. Ctrl-2 - Double spacing. Ctrl-5 - One and a half interval. 14 User Guide Using lists Very often there is a need to create lists, both numbered and unnumbered. The corresponding modes are switched from the toolbar using the Numbering on/off button. or the F12 key. An unordered list can also be created using the button on the toolbar. A number or symbol is automatically inserted at the beginning of numbered lists; unnumbered - special symbol - “bullet”. When the cursor is on a paragraph with a list, you can call up the list control panel - you can switch it by clicking on the button on the right on the toolbar. You can insert new list sections, change the list level, move a paragraph, or call up the list settings dialog. You can increase the numbering level of a paragraph using the Tab key, placing the cursor at the beginning of the paragraph (immediately after the numbering symbol); To decrease the level, use the Shift-Tab combination. Application special inserts You can insert special fields into a document, the contents of which will change depending on certain conditions. For example, the date field will change at the moment the document is opened and, thus, this field can be used, for example, when drawing up contracts and orders. To perform this action, open the insert field dialog or, for frequently used fields, a special menu tool. On the toolbar on the left there is a button, a short press of which will open a dialog, and a longer press will display a menu of possible fields to insert into the document. Chapter 4. Text Formatting 15 The tool looks like this: When you press the button for more than one second, a menu will appear: Figure 4.2. Inserting a special field through the menu. It selects the type of field that needs to be inserted into the document (at the current cursor position). If the menu does not contain the required field, or you need to customize the inserted field, then it is more convenient to call up the dialog by briefly pressing the button or by selecting “Others...” from the menu “Insert” → “Field” → “Advanced...” , as well as the keyboard shortcut Ctrl-F2. All fields are divided into categories, which are located on the corresponding tabs. Having selected the type, subtype, and set the properties, click on the insert button - this will insert the field at the cursor location. Inserted fields can display content or value; switching display modes is done through the menu “View” → “Fields” or by using the key combination Ctrl-F9. Sometimes you need to update fields (for example, date or time) - use the F9 key for this. Setting and using tabulation Tabulation (indentation at the beginning of a paragraph) is one of the means traditionally used to format a document; You can change its size and type in the paragraph settings dialog, as well as using the ruler located under the toolbar. If you do User Manual 16 Figure 4.3. Setting up special fields Double-click on the ruler, a paragraph settings dialog will appear with tab settings properties. Position - specifying the size of the indent from the left edge of the page; “Type” - can be: “Left” - the text will be limited to the left and typed from this position to the right; “Right” - the text is limited to the right and is displayed from this position to the left; “Centered” - the text is displayed evenly to the left and right of the tab stop; “Decimal” - text printed before the delimiter character (the “Sign” field) will be displayed to the left of the tab stop, and text after it will be printed to the right; “Sign” - specifies the characters that will be displayed to the left of the entered text. Chapter 4: Formatting Text 17 Once you have set one or more tab stops, you can move to the next position by pressing the Tab key. Can be used more quick way setting and changing the tab type and position. To do this, you can use the ruler under the toolbar. The icon to the left of the ruler changes the type of new tab stop. Table 4.2. Managing Tabs Left Tab Right Tab Centered Tab Decimal Tab When you click the ruler, a symbol appears indicating the type and location of the tab. You can change the tab type by right-clicking on the tab character and selecting one of the options. If you need to change the position of the tab stop, you can simply move the marker to another place on the ruler; To delete a specified position, drag the tab character down from the ruler. Drawing frames and lines, curly text As mentioned above, you can insert various objects into the document, including graphics. Among them are straight lines, rectangles, ovals, polygons, Bezier curves, curves, segments, text (including animated and callout). These tools (located in the toolbar on the left) are very easy to use. After selecting the object you want to insert into the document, specify the main points. For example, to draw a rectangle, you need to point the opposite corners with the mouse, and as you move the mouse, the outlines of the inserted object will be visible on the screen. By double-clicking the outline of any object, you can paste text inside or next to it. You can set properties for inserted objects - for example, color, line type, type of arrows at the ends, etc. For this purpose it is used additional panel , which appears when an object is selected and is accessible through the Format menu when an object is selected. Chapter 5. Saving, opening and printing documents 19 Chapter 5. Saving, opening and printing documents Saving and opening To ensure that the entered text can be used more than once, saving and opening documents is used. Saving is used for repeated use of a document. Whenever you need to use a document in the future (and this is the most common case), the document is saved on permanent media, and it is assigned a unique name within the same directory, consisting of the name itself and an extension. The extension is assigned depending on the document type; you can use it to find out which program opens the file. For example, files with the XLS extension are opened by OpenOffice.org Calc, and those with the SXW or DOC extension are opened by OpenOffice.org Writer. You can save the document using the “File” menu (the “Save” item), the Save button on the toolbar, or the Ctrl-S hotkey. If the document is saved and does not require action, the button on the toolbar will be inactive. When you save a document for the first time, a dialog will open where you need to enter a file name and, possibly, specify the document type (if you don’t like the default one). The future or new file name is entered in the “File name” field; it can be entered indicating a relative or absolute path - the system will, as far as possible, supplement the name with possible options. To go to a directory, double-click on the directory name in the list. To make it easier to navigate through the catalogs, you can sort the list by clicking on one of the headings - for example, to sort by type it is obviously “Type”; Clicking the same heading again means sorting in reverse order (indicated by an arrow). 20 User Manual Figure 5.1. Saving a document The up button is used to move to the parent directory; If you press it for more than one second, a menu will appear that allows you to go up several levels at once. The next button is used to create a new directory in the current one; You must enter the name of the new directory and confirm its creation. The rightmost button is used to go to the default directory for documents - you can configure it in the dialog: “Tools” → “Options...” → “OpenOffice.org” → “Paths” → “Working Folder”. Chapter 5. Saving, opening and printing documents 21 The “Automatic file name extension” option is used to set the extension according to the “File type” field. The “Save with password” option is needed to save a file that can be opened only if you know the specified password (at least 5 characters), which you will need to enter and confirm. If there is already a file with the same name in this directory, the system will warn you about it. Depending on the format of the file being saved, the system may request additional data about the file, such as title, subject, keywords, comments, etc., before saving it. If you need to create a copy of a file with a different name or in a different format (for example, save an OpenOffice.org Writer file in MS Word™ format), select “Save As...” from the “File” menu. In this case, the same dialog will open as when you first saved the file. If OpenOffice.org Writer crashes, the next time you start it you will be prompted to try to restore the files that were edited. In order to reduce the likelihood of losing edited files in the event of a failure, you can use the autosave option - it is available through the menu “Tools” → “Options...” → “Load/Save” → “Main”. Printing documents Often text and graphic documents need to be printed; For this purpose, OpenOffice.org provides a special command and utilities for setting up the printer. The printer installation utility is launched with the spadmin command in the OpenOffice.org installation directory; the procedure itself is not discussed here. Printers are configured through the “File” → “Print Settings...” menu, in which the printer is selected and its properties are set. For fast printing The printer uses a button with its stylized image on the toolbar - immediately after clicking on it, the document will be printed. 22 User Guide Sometimes you need to print a document to a printer other than the default one or with special settings. To do this, use the menu item “File” → “Print...” or the keyboard shortcut Ctrl-P; in the dialog that opens, select the printer to which you will print and, by clicking the Properties button, set its properties. Perhaps, before printing, you would like to see on the screen how the document will look on paper. To do this, you can use the menu item “File” → “Page view in print”. The document will be uneditable and tools for setting viewing properties will appear in the toolbar. The first four tools are used to navigate through the pages being viewed: the first and second move one page to the left or right, respectively; the third and fourth tools are used to view the beginning and end of the document. Next are the tools for setting the number of viewing pages on one screen: two/four pages and calling the viewing settings dialog, in which you can specify the required number of rows and columns into which the screen will be divided. Next are tools for viewing the document in full screen and printing the view. A button for full-screen viewing of a document removes menus, toolbars, scroll bars and leaves only the viewing panel. The next two buttons allow you to print the document and set viewing options, respectively. The last tool on this toolbar is used to return the editor to normal operation. Chapter 6. Structural Formatting 23 Chapter 6. Structural Formatting Structural and Physical Formatting Physical or hard formatting This is the text markup that is directly responsible for the final appearance of the text when printed. Any text has logical parts that correspond to the structure of the information it represents. When creating a document, the final appearance on paper is important. You can achieve the desired look of the document using tools such as changing the font, size, etc., however, if the document volume becomes more than several pages, then keep an eye on the right kind the document becomes more complicated, since when changes in design are made, you have to scroll through the entire document each time in search of desired element and assign a new type to each element. There is another approach to writing a document, in which logical elements are assigned text of the appropriate type to indicate the role of this object in the document. Each object type, in turn, can be associated with a corresponding physical formatting. Thus, you get a document that is very easy to manage - just assign a different representation (physical formatting) to the desired data type, and all elements of this type in the entire document will immediately inherit the new representation. OpenOffice.org Writer provides the ability to structure text using styles. Using them, you can assign each structural unit of a document (file name, company name, comments, remarks, list, title, etc.) its own type when printing (font, indents, framing, numbering, etc.). There is a certain set of standard styles (heading, list, etc.), which can be assigned a different physical formatting, as well as create your own styles based on them. All changes made to styles are saved with the document. Styles can be applied not only to text objects, but also to pages, frames, and numbering. User's Guide 24 Important Using styles in a document allows you to avoid different designs for elements of the same type. Hard formatting, in isolation from styles, can be applied to a single selection; in all other cases, styles must be applied. Creating texts with or without the help of styles We discussed above ways to format text using the toolbar and keyboard (the so-called hard formatting), but there is a more convenient way - using styles. For example, when styles are used for all headings, changing the appearance of the corresponding style changes their display. Any frequently used formatting in a document can be formatted as styles - this allows you to more flexibly change the appearance of the document. The styles dialog is called up from the toolbar with the On/Off button. Stylist, from the “Format” → “Stylist” menu or by pressing the F11 key. The buttons at the top of the dialog are used to select the element to which the style is applied - this can be a paragraph, character, area (frame), page and numbered list. The list in the middle lists the possible styles; The drop-down list at the bottom of the dialog is intended for selecting styles by category. To apply a style, you need to select an area of text and assign it by double-clicking on the name of the desired style in the Stylist window. The user can reconfigure styles, as well as create their own and delete existing ones, but standard styles cannot be deleted. To open the style settings dialog, you can use the menu item “Format”→“Styles and templates”→“Catalog...” or the Ctrl-Y key combination. The first drop-down list contains objects to which styles can be applied; as mentioned above, these can be paragraph (paragraph), characters (characters), frames, pages and numbering. When you select an object, the list will only contain styles for that object. For more convenient selection of styles, use the lower drop-down list, Chapter 6. Structural formatting 25 Figure 6.1. Stylist Figure 6.2. Setting up styles that allows you to present them in an orderly manner. For example, All Styles displays all possible styles for a given object; If you select Applied styles in it, the list will contain only the styles of the selected object that were used in this document. 26 User Guide The OK button applies the selected style; The New and Delete buttons are used to create a style based on the selected style and delete it, respectively - and the Edit button is used to change the selected style. The New button opens a dialog for creating a new style based on the selected one. The Organize... button is used to organize styles, i.e. to apply styles from previously saved document templates to a document. When creating a style, a dialog for setting the style of the selected object will open; the style selected in the previous dialog will be taken as the basis (as the parent). In the style creation dialog that opens, you need to set its properties. For example, for a paragraph, indents and spacing, alignment, position on the page, and others are indicated. Figure 6.3. Setting indents and spacing Each property group corresponds to separate bookmark; Only the properties on the general tabs will be considered here. On the “Organization” tab, the main properties are: name, category, which style is used as a basis. Styles are hierarchical and when you change a style of a higher hierarchy (the parent, i.e., taken as a basis), the changes will affect all styles of the lower level of the hierarchy (based on the changed one). The style category is used to indicate which category the style belongs to. For example, heading styles (Chapter Styles) are used to create a table of contents. Categories are also used for selection in Stylist. Organization is used when you want to use template styles in a document. Clicking the Organize button opens a dialog where you can apply template styles to a given document using drag-and-drop; If you select templates in the left list and documents in the right list, you can drag styles from one list to another. To open the used styles, you need to double-click on the object - a tree of used styles will open. Document structure (Navigator) The Navigator is used to quick transition to document elements (objects, pages or headings). It can be called from the toolbar, from the menu or by pressing F5. Figure 6.4. Navigator The list shows document elements that you can navigate to; they may have a drop-down list (the “+” symbol 28 User Guide to the right of the name). By expanding the list and double-clicking on an element, you can select the object that is associated with it. To navigate through pages, use three tools in the Navigator dialog. The first one is used to move to the page up, the second - to the page down, the third - to move to any page. The following tool is used to configure DragMode mode when an object from the navigator is moved to the document workspace. Here you can choose three modes: “Paste as hyperlink”, “Paste as link” and “Paste as copy”. When you insert a hyperlink, you can click to navigate to the object. An object inserted as a link will replicate the original one - changes to the latter will be reflected on the link. When copying an object, a copy will be created as at the time of its creation; When the original is changed, the copied object does not undergo changes. To the right of the Navigator window there is a group of four tools designed for managing content. These tools allow you to move chapters up or down chapter by chapter and control the chapter numbering level. The top two tools are used to move chapters up or down, and the bottom two tools are used to change the chapter level. The first two tools of the second line of the panel are used to control the view of the Navigator - one shows or hides the list of objects, the second serves to display only the contents of the document, hiding all other objects. Another important tool is used to select the maximum heading level that is shown in the Navigator. Chapter 7. Spell Check 29 Chapter 7. Spell Check It can be automatic or as needed. For automatic check you need to enable the Auto Spell Check button on the left side of the toolbar or through the “Tools” → “Spelling” → “Auto Check” menu. In this case, words that OpenOffice.org Writer could not find in its dictionary will be underlined with a wavy red line. If you right-click on a highlighted word, you will be offered options for correction, opening a spell check dialog, adding the word to the dictionary, skipping the word throughout the document, and automatically replacing the word with one of the options selected in the submenu. To check spelling with a dialog, click on the Spelling button on the left on the toolbar, or through the menu “Tools” → “Spelling” → “Check” or by pressing F7; the check starts from the current cursor position. This dialog is used to work with a specific word. The icon behind the “Word” field shows its status (usually this word is unfamiliar). A certain word can be skipped if it is spelled correctly. Alternatively, you can set the Ignore everywhere option if this word appears more than once in the document. If a word is spelled incorrectly, then in the “Word” field you need to enter the correct spelling or select the word from the “Options” list and click the Replace button to replace this word in this place or Replace always to replace it throughout the document. The Thesaurus button is used to add synonyms to the dictionary; this dialog can also be opened using the “Tools” → “Thesaurus” menu or the Ctrl-F7 key combination. It requires you to enter a word to replace. Please note: Not all languages are supported at this time. 30 User Manual Figure 7.1. Spell checking The Options button is used to set the parameters and dictionaries that are used to check spelling and hyphenation. The same parameters are set in the settings dialog “Tools” → “Options...” → “Language settings” → “Linguistics”. If a word is spelled correctly, but it is not in the dictionary, then it can be added to the dictionary. To do this, select the required item in the “Dictionary” field and click the Add button. In this case, all added words found later in other documents will be considered correctly written. It is possible to check spelling only in part of the text - to do this you need to select it before checking. Sometimes correctly spelled words are shown as incorrectly spelled. This may occur because the language for the word is set incorrectly. To change the language, you need to highlight the word and select the language in the drop-down list on the “Font” tab in the “Characters” dialog. ..”, available through the context menu “Signs...” or the menu “Format”→“Signs...”. There are no words with the letter “е” in the standard dictionary, so all words with this letter will be considered incorrect. Chapter 8. Hyphenation 31 Chapter 8. Hyphenation For greater document readability, you can use left and right paragraph alignment, but this is not always acceptable. In this case, the distance between characters in the text increases, which is especially noticeable when there are long words in the text; Of course, it is best to use hyphens. In order for OpenOffice.org Writer to be able to hyphenate text, you need to set the language properties to “Russian” (menu “Tools” → “Options..." → “Language settings” → “Languages”, field “Western”). Hyphenation can be done automatically or manually. Automatic hyphenation is set in the paragraph properties in the paragraph style properties dialog on the “Position” tab on the page in the “Hyphenation” section, you need to enable the “Automatic” option. To place soft (recommended) hyphens, you need to place the cursor in the place where you can make a hyphen and insert the soft hyphen symbol using the Ctrl-minus key combination. You can search for all words that can be hyphenated using the Hyphenate function in the Tools menu. Figure 8.1. Hyphenation The “=” sign indicates the place of possible hyphenation; “-” indicates the place where it will definitely be produced. To set up a transfer, click on the Transfer button; To stop hyphenation, use the Cancel button. The Next button moves to the next word without setting a hyphen in this word. 32 User Manual Using the Remove button, the previously set word hyphen is removed. If you want a word to never be hyphenated, you need to add it to the dictionary with an "=" sign at the end. Chapter 9. Using the Find and Replace function 33 Chapter 9. Using the Find and Replace function The “Find and Replace” function is called from the “Edit” → “Find and Replace” menu or by pressing Ctrl-F. Figure 9.1. Find and Replace In the dialog that opens, you need to set the search and replace attributes; After clicking the Find button, the found match will be highlighted, and then you can replace it using the Replace button. The Replace All button is used to replace all matches in the text. If you need to insert a special character into an input field, right-click in the desired field, or use the keyboard shortcut Ctrl-Shift-S. The options at the bottom of the dialog box control the search: “Word Only” is for searching for full word matches; “Reverse Search” changes the direction of the search (from the cursor position to the beginning of the text); "Regular Expression" indicates that the word will be replaced by regular expression; “Exact Search” is used to specify a case-sensitive search. 34 User Guide The OpenOffice.org Writer editor also has the ability to search and replace not all text, but only part of it. To do this, select the part of the text in which the search will be performed and call the search and replace function. This activates the Search only in selected selection option. To search for specific styles, use the Include styles option - when enabled, paragraph styles will be listed in the “Find” and “Replace with” lists. A search in a document can be carried out not only by words and phrases, but also by other parameters. To do this, use the Attributes and Format buttons - here you specify the format of the text that needs to be found. If you want to search for words with any formatting, use the Remove Formatting button. To navigate to certain elements in the document, navigation is used - special arrows on the scroll bar on the right. The middle button is used to select the type of object to go to - clicking on it brings up a menu with all the objects that can be inserted into the document. After selecting the desired object, the previous or next one is highlighted using the upper and lower buttons. Chapter 10. Customizing Toolbars 35 Chapter 10. Customizing Toolbars Toolbars provide quick access to frequently used OpenOffice.org Writer functions - such as font properties, paragraph format, working with a file, inserting various elements etc. Some examples of working with toolbars have already been discussed above. Toolbars are located on the left and top; buttons with pictures represent tools, some of which have menus; on such instruments there is a small green arrow , with a long press on which (more than one second) it appears. The user can customize the toolbar himself, adding and removing individual tools and entire groups. Right-clicking on a toolbar brings up a menu where the first section shows toolbars that can be made visible or invisible. When you click on a specific toolbar, the Show Buttons menu will display tools that can be made visible on that toolbar or hidden. The “Configurations...” menu item opens a dialog in which you can configure toolbars, add or remove a panel. Here you can save or load a previously saved toolbar. The "Settings..." menu item opens the tool settings dialog - all the OpenOffice.org Writer functions that can be added to the toolbar are located here. The dialogue is divided into areas; The “Symbols” area is intended for tools. To add a tool to the toolbar, drag the tool onto the toolbar with the mouse; To remove a tool from the toolbar, simply remove it from the toolbar while the toolbar configuration dialog is open. The next area allows you to select the category of tools and the tool itself by name. The Symbols... button is intended to assign an icon to the selected tool - you must select it in the dialog that opens and confirm the selection. 36 User Manual Figure 10.1. Customizing toolbars Chapter 11. Arranging windows on the screen 37 Chapter 11. Arranging windows on the screen As mentioned above, each new or open document opens in a new window; To quickly access any of them, use the “Window” menu. Sometimes you need to edit the same document in two windows. To do this, use the menu item “Window” → “New Window”. The window that opens will show the same document, and changes made in either of them are reflected in both. It is very convenient that in OpenOffice.org many of the tool menus in the toolbar can be “pulled out”, like the Navigator or Stylist windows. To do this, open the tool menu and drag it by the title bar to an empty space. For example, to make it convenient to quickly navigate through document objects, you can call up the navigation menu, as discussed in the previous chapter, and drag the window to a convenient location. You can now quickly switch between objects by selecting an object and using the up and down arrows in the dialog. Part III. Spreadsheets 40 User's Guide Chapter 12. OpenOffice.org Main Window Calc. After loading OpenOffice.org Calc, a window appears on the screen. Figure 12.1. Main window of OpenOffice.org Calc Main elements of the window: Menu The menu allows you to manage, configure and work with spreadsheets. Input line The input line is intended for entering values and formulas into table cells. Chapter 12. Main Window of OpenOffice.org Calc. 41 Symbol Bars The Symbol Bar provides quicker access to control operations and spreadsheet settings than through menus. Worksheet field The sheet field consists of cells. A cell is the smallest structural unit of a spreadsheet; it has an address determined by vertical and horizontal coordinates. The first is the column name (the first part of the address); it can have values from A to IV. The second is the line number (the second part of the address) and has a value ranging from 1 to 32000. To the right and top of the worksheet are rulers with the names of columns and rows. To select an entire column, click on the cell with its name in the top ruler; to select the entire row - by the cell with its name on the left ruler. When highlighted, the row or column name appears in bold; If you select one cell, both parts of the address located on the rulers will be displayed in bold. Status line Displays information about the operating modes of the table. Sheet navigator Selecting a sheet for work is done by clicking the left button; if you right-click on the sheet navigator, the following operations for working with the sheet will be available in the pop-up menu: Insert - creating a new sheet 3. Delete - used for unnecessary sheets. Rename - allows you to assign a different name to the sheet. Move/copy - allows you to make copies of sheets, transfer existing sheets to other documents, and change their order. Select All - selects the entire sheet. 3 In total, OpenOffice.org Calc allows you to create no more than 256 sheets 42 Figure 12.2. Inserting a sheet Figure 12.3. Moving a Sheet User's Guide Chapter 13. Entering Data 43 Chapter 13. Entering Data To enter data, select a cell and simply enter what is required. The text you type will appear in the cell where you type and in the input line (above), which is especially useful since the cell may contain more characters than its current width allows for display. If the adjacent cells to the right do not contain values, then the entered string will be displayed in full; otherwise, only part of the line will be displayed and a red arrow will appear in the cell. To display the entire information, you must either stretch the cell width or allow line breaks. Figure 13.1. Changing the size of cells You can change the width (height) of a row in several ways: Automatically - double-click on the right border bar of the column title and OpenOffice.org Calc will select the width for the column, selecting the width necessary to display the cell with the longest content. The same can be done through the menu: “Format” -> “Column” -> “Optimal width...” Manually - left-click on the border strip of the column name and, without releasing it, move it until the desired size is reached. Exactly - select any cell in the column whose width you want to change, and then the menu item “Format” -> “Column”> “Width...”; In the window that opens, enter the exact size. In order to allow line breaks, press Ctrl-Enter, or right-click on the cell and select “Format Cells”, or select the menu item “Format” -> “Cell” and then select the “Alignment” tab; Here, check the “Line Break” checkbox. In the same window, you can set the vertical and horizontal alignment of the text and the direction of writing (the angle of rotation of the text). Alignment allows you to determine the position of text in a cell (left, right, center, bottom, top) 44 User Guide Figure 13.2. Cell Attributes Writing direction allows you to write in cells at a specified angle. It should be noted that if text begins with an "=" sign, it will not appear in the cell because OpenOffice.org Calc considers such text to be a formula. If you need to print text starting with the “=” sign, then you need to put a single quotation mark as the very first character. If you need to start a line with a quotation mark, you must print the quotation mark twice. Chapter 14. Entering formulas 45 Chapter 14. Entering formulas One of the purposes of spreadsheets is calculations, so we will look at the basic rules for writing formulas. As already noted, entering a formula begins with an equal sign, then the formula itself is written. For example: “=4+16”. Having written such a formula and pressed Enter, we will see the number 20 in the cell. Of course, formulas without variables usually do not make much sense, so now let's see how to use variables, which are cell addresses in OpenOffice.org Calc. For example, if we wrote the number 20 in A1, then after writing the formula =A1^2 in B1 and pressing Enter, the number 400 will appear in cell B1. Basic arithmetic operations available in OpenOffice.org Calc: “+” - addition; “-” - subtraction; "*" - multiplication; "/" - division; “^” - exponentiation; ":" - setting the range. In addition to these operations, OpenOffice.org Calc offers an extensive set of functions in the following categories: working with databases; time and date processing; financial; informational; brain teaser; mathematical; working with arrays; statistical; text; additional. To make writing formulas easier, OpenOffice.org Calc has developed a function autopilot. 46 User Manual In the autopilot window, you can enter functions and check that they are entered correctly; Depending on the category you select, the list of available functions will change. In addition to the categories listed above, All and Recently Used have been added for convenience. Figure 14.1. Function autopilot The “Formula” edit field displays the current formula, which can be directly edited - or you can, by placing the cursor in the required position, double-click on the function name from the list, and the selected function will be inserted into the input window. All that remains is to either enter the argument from the keyboard or press the button: Next, select the cell whose value will be the argument. Chapter 14. Entering formulas 47 In the “Structure” tab, the typed formula is expanded into a tree, which is very helpful in editing formulas, allowing you to track the order in which the formula is calculated. For the case when the formula is quite simple (contains the signs “+”, “-”, “*”, “/”, “^”), but consists of a relatively large number of variables, consider the following example: Let you need to calculate A1+C5* B4; to do this: Press =, then select cell A1 using the cursor control arrows (the first time you press the cursor control key, a red rectangle cursor will appear). Then press + and select C5, press * and finally select B4. In this way, you can quickly create formulas using the keyboard (cells can also be selected with the mouse pointer). When you enter "=" followed by a letter, OpenOffice.org Calc automatically displays the name of the function that begins with that letter. This feature allows you to type not the entire formula, but only its first letters, and then, if the proposed function is exactly the one you need, all you have to do is press Enter. It happens that when entering formulas, you need to pass not a cell address, but an entire area as their arguments - for example, you need to sum all the values in column A, starting from address A2 to address A11. Of course, you can write “=A2+A3+...+A10+A11” - but it is much simpler and in any case more correct to write “=Su”, then use the hint (Sum) and, pressing Enter, enter the range 'A2' in parentheses :A11'. The worksheet area is specified by indicating the address of the upper left cell, followed by a colon and indicating the lower right cell. The area can also be specified using the mouse. 48 User's Guide Chapter 15. Autofill Sometimes you need to perform the same type of calculations for a lot of data. The spreadsheet allows you to enter the formula only once - when you copy it to another cell, the parameters will be automatically replaced with new values. Let the task be to calculate cos(x), where x is given in degrees. To solve it, perform the following steps: 1. Enter the text “Angle” in cell A1, the number “0” in cell A2, and “1” in A3. Select cell A2 and, without releasing the mouse button, also select cell A3. Cell selection can also be done using the cursor keys: select A2, then press Shift-Down Arrow. 2. Next, move the mouse over the lower right corner of the selected area; the cursor will take the form of a cross. By clicking and holding the left mouse button, select an area of 360 cells with a red rectangle, that is, the last cell selected should be cell A361. At the same time, the number 360 will appear in the yellow tooltip rectangle. An example of autocomplete has just been discussed. OpenOffice.org Calc automatically increases cell values by one when the red selection area expands. In principle, it would be enough to just enter "1" and simply multiply the cell, since OpenOffice.org Calc by default multiplies cells by arithmetic progression in increments of "1". If you hold Ctrl, the cell values will be multiplied by simple copying. Chapter 15. Autocomplete 49 Now we can just as easily calculate the values of the cosines of all angles; first you need to return to the top of the page using CtrlHome (return to the beginning of the sheet) or Ctrl-up arrow (move to the top field of the block). Enter “cos(angle)” in B1, and “=c” in Latin in B2 and press Enter; further, switching to Russian, “r”; Enter, left arrow and Enter. So, with just a few clicks, the formula “=COS(RADIANS(A2))” was entered. Now, using the cross-shaped cursor to hook the lower right edge of the cell, we multiply the formula by all angle values. The result is the values of the cosines of all angles. 50 User's Guide Chapter 16: Cell Format OpenOffice.org Calc, like any modern spreadsheet, supports various cell data formats that determine how they appear in the table. For example, the text "3/4/01" will be assigned the format "Date". If we change the cell format to a number, we get 36954. To change the cell format, right-click on the cell and select “Cell Format...” in the context menu and the “Numbers” tab in the window that opens. All formats are divided into categories for convenience. numerical; monetary; financial; date of; time; percentage; fractional; scientific; Chapter 16: Cell Format 51 boolean; text. In our cosine example, change the number of decimal places displayed (fractional part value) to 7. Our format will automatically be listed in the “Number” and “User Defined” categories. 52 User's Guide Chapter 17. Links Let's return to the example of calculating cosine. Suppose now we need to calculate the function “cos(angle+phase)”. Let's say the phase is a constant and should be stored in cell C2. Then change the formula in B2 from “=cos(radians(A2))” to “=cos(radians(A2+C2))” and multiply by all 360 values. There will be practically no effect: the fact is that we did not say that our phase is constant, that is, the formula “=cos(radians(A3+C3))” was written in cell B3. There is no data in C3, so OpenOffice.org Calc thinks there is a "0" written in C3. To prohibit changing a variable by column or row, you need to enter a $ sign in front of the coordinate. Now let’s prohibit changing the row coordinate by changing C2 to C$2 in our formula. To quickly insert $ into an edited address, it is convenient to use the Shift-F4 key combination. If you press this combination once, a $ sign will be added to the column coordinate and row coordinate; twice - only to the row coordinate, three - to the column coordinate. The fourth press is equivalent to the first. Because an OpenOffice.org Calc document contains multiple sheets, addressing between sheets is possible. Up to this point, we have considered local addressing, which operates within a single leaf; The full cell address looks like this:<Название листа>.<Локальный адрес ячейки>. Chapter 18. Diagrams 53 Chapter 18. Diagrams Now it remains to insert a diagram of our calculation. This is done very simply: Select two columns A and B. From the menu, select “Insert” -> “Diagram...” Figure 18.1. Automatic chart format (dialog 1) In our case, the first line is the x-axis label, so we leave the “First line as label” checkbox. The range of values written in the “Area” field was determined automatically; as expected, it is equal to “$Sheet1.$A$1:$B$361”. Our diagram can be placed either on one of the existing sheets or on a new sheet. If you place a diagram on a new sheet, it will occupy the entire sheet, which is very convenient for printing diagrams on a whole sheet. In our example, Sheet1 is selected to place the chart. After completing each dialog box, click Next. 54 User Manual Figure 18.2. Automatic chart format (dialog 2) In this window, select the chart type from the following options: Two-dimensional charts: lines; with regions; bar chart; ruled; circular; XY chart; mesh; stock exchange Three-dimensional charts: 3M chart; with 3M areas; histogram 3M; ruled 3M; circular 3M. Chapter 18. Charts 55 Since the chart is built using two columns, we choose the XY chart. Data series are specified in columns. Figure 18.3. Automatic diagram format (dialog 3) In this window, the diagram version is specified. Figure 18.4. Automatic diagram format (dialog 4) Specify the name of the diagram; Since there is only one dependency on it, we uncheck the legend box. Enter the labels of the X and Y axes. 56 User Manual Next, click the Finish button Figure 18.5. Automatic diagram format (dialog 5) The diagram has been created. Chapter 19. Styles 57 Chapter 19. Styles A style is a fixed set of properties of an object; they are very convenient for quickly changing the appearance of the finished document. To change or add a style, select the menu item “Format” → “Style Catalog”. Let's return to our example. All cells in new table have a Default style; if you change its font, it will affect the display of all cells. Styles in OpenOffice.org Calc apply not only to cells, but also to sheets; they can set all the properties of these objects. The way to edit a document through styles is the most convenient, especially for large and multi-page documents. Part IV. Creating Presentations 60 User Guide Chapter 20. Getting Started with Presentations When you first load OpenOffice.org Impress, the Presentation Autopilot window appears on your screen. Figure 20.1. Autopilot of presentations (dialogue 1) In the first window of the wizard, select the type of presentation: “Empty presentation” - creates a new presentation; “From template” - allows you to open a presentation from a previously saved template; “Open one of the presentations” - opens an existing presentation. To turn off Presentation Autopilot from appearing the next time you load it, check the Don't show this dialog again box. If you want to have an idea of how the presentation will look, leave the Preview checkbox ticked. You can move to the next window by clicking the Next>> button. In the second step, set the slide style and “Presentation Presenter”. Chapter 20. Getting Started with Presentations 61 Figure 20.2. Autopilot of presentations (dialogue 2) Figure 20.3. Presentation autopilot (dialogue 3) In the third window, select options for switching between presentation frames. Next, click Finish. A window with a slide creation dialog will open. 62 User Manual Figure 20.4. Autopilot of presentations (dialogue 4) Here enter the name of the new slide, decide on the layout (view) of the slide and the options to show the background and show objects in the background. To add a new slide, right-click in an empty space and select “Slide” → “Insert Slide” from the context menu or through the “Insert” → “Slide...” menu - the slide creation dialog will open. OpenOffice.org Impress allows you to make a copy of a specific slide and paste it as a new one - to do this, select “Insert” → “Duplicate Slide” from the menu. Chapter 21. Presentation Modes 63 Chapter 21. Presentation Modes There are six tools on the scroll bar below the control panel to control the presentation mode. The top Drawing Mode button is used to view slides individually and edit them. When you select this operating mode, at the bottom left of the horizontal scroll bar, bookmarks with the names of the slides will be visible, to switch between which you can click on the bookmark with the name of the desired one. The next tool allows you to switch to the slide structure mode, which is presented as a hierarchical list; The first level of the hierarchy is slides (their titles are displayed). To go to a slide, you need to select any element related to it; You can also edit the title here. To add a slide, just enter text and make it the first level of the hierarchy (to change the level, use the Shift-Tab, Tab keys or the toolbar). The next tool, Slide Mode, controls the order in which they appear; To change it, simply drag the slide from one place to another. The Annotation View tool allows you to enter text that will only be visible in Annotation View. Abstract mode allows you to place slides on one page and enter their descriptions. There's a toolbar in the bottom left corner that lets you add backgrounds to your slides; You can switch between slide mode and background mode (the first two buttons do this). In Background mode, you can add a background that will be visible on all slides, but cannot be edited. You can add, 64 User Guide, for example, a text message or a picture. To make the background visible or invisible on a specific slide, right-click on the slide and in the context menu select “Slide”→“Slide Style...” and then the style of the slide with or without a background. In the same dialog, you can select one of the possible styles by clicking on the Load button and, having selected the desired one, confirm your choice. Chapter 22. Working with a slide 65 Chapter 22. Working with a slide To work with a slide, there is a main toolbar on the left: Tools with a green arrow have a submenu. When you long-click on such tools (more than a second), a menu will appear in which you can select one of the elements of the group. The arrow tool is used to select objects. The next tool in the form of a sheet of paper with a magnifying glass is used to change the scale of the document; its menu has several buttons that allow you to select the optimal document scale. The next group of tools is used to insert various objects onto a slide - text, rectangular shapes, ellipses and circles, three-dimensional objects, curves, lines and arrows, connecting lines. To change the position of an object, the following group of tools is used - for example, to rotate an object, you can select the object, click on the rotation button and, “grabbing” the red markers around the object with the mouse, rotate the object in different directions. To align an object on the page (both horizontally and vertically), use the following tool. The Arrangement tool allows you to influence the order in which objects are layered. A group of elements that change the effects of objects can make a presentation more beautiful and attractive; it “hides” behind the Effects button. Effect selection buttons allow you to select the object to which they will be applied. The first allows you to select options for the appearance of the slide, the second - only text effects. Below, in the drop-down list, the category of effects is specified, from which the required one is ultimately selected; the speed of its execution is also set. To evaluate the consequences, click on the Preview Window button. 66 User Guide To apply an effect to an object, use the Assign button. After clicking the Order button, a list of the order in which objects appear on the presentation slide appears; you can change it by simply dragging the selected object to the desired position. The next button on the left toolbar is Interaction, which allows you to set an action when you click on an object. This could be moving to a slide, executing a program, and much more. The penultimate tool allows you to apply 3D effects to an object. The last tool provides a presentation view mode. After you create a slide, you can edit it. The title of the created slide is edited by clicking on the object that says “Add title with mouse click.” The name of the created slide is displayed on the tab next to the scroll bar. If you right-click on it, you can rename the slide, delete it, insert a new one, or change the slide layout. Changing text properties is done by selecting one of the items in the drop-down context menu. Chapter 22. Working with slides 67 The “Text...” item allows you to set the properties of the text and the creeping line effect. If a word is written with a spelling error, it is better to correct it 4. On the “Text” tab, you set the frame properties: size and position of the text. On the “Crawling Line” tab, you can set effects for text animation. 4 Otherwise, correction options will be visible in the menu. 68 User Manual Figure 22.2. Applying a creeping line effect to text To add a picture, click on the house icon and select the picture in the dialog that opens. Right-clicking the mouse opens access to the following image properties: Text... - text effects superimposed on the image (can be added after double-clicking on the latter). Position and size - sets the position, size, rotation, tilt. Initial Size - sets the initial size of the image. Color resolution - allows you to set the depth of tones of the image. Location - determines the level of the object in the “stack”. Alignment - sets the position of the object on the slide (left, center, right, top, middle, bottom). Flip - allows you to flip the image vertically or horizontally. Convert - makes it possible to convert an image into a polygon, contour, three-dimensional object, body of rotation, raster. These properties are not always available. Assign a name to an object - allows you to name objects for convenience. Chapter 22. Working with a slide 69 Effect - after selecting this property, the object effect selection dialog appears. In addition to the ability to arrange objects on a slide, you can specify the background of the slide. To do this, right-click in an empty space on the slide and select “Slide” → “Page Settings” from the context menu. In the dialog that opens, open the “Background” tab. Figure 22.3. Setting the background Filling is selected by a switch, which can have the following value: Without - no filling; Color - sets the color of the monotonous background; Gradient background fill provides a rich library of gradients; Hatching - you need to select the background color and determine the color and geometry of the pattern; Bitmap - provides a wide selection of background images; Accordingly, each filling has its own properties. User Manual 70 Table 22.1. Basic Tools Selection Zoom All drawing-related functions available through the icons in this panel are described in the OpenOffice.org Draw section. Slide placement Inserting an object Effects during demonstration and slides Viewing a presentation Chapter 22. Working with a slide Figure 22.1. Selecting an effect 71 72 User's Guide Chapter 23. Presentation panel This window is a convenient tool for managing slides: Insert slide opens the familiar window for creating a new slide. Slide Style opens a dialog for changing the slide style. Duplicate Slide adds a slide identical to the current one. Chapter 24. Transition effects between slides 73 Chapter 24. Transition effects between slides Transition effects between slides can be set in the second step of presentation autopilot. If this has not been done, correction is necessary or you need to make different transitions between slides - use the menu item “Demonstration” → “Slide Transition”; The dialog for setting the transition effect to this slide will open. Figure 24. 1. It is similar to the transition effects settings dialog, but has the addition of a time control button. With its help, you can set the time between changing slides, which, in turn, can be automatic, semi-automatic or manual. The first option specifies the time after which the transition to the next slide will take place. 74 User Guide Launch a presentation for viewing. You can view the created presentation using the button from the “Demonstration” → “Demonstration” menu or the Ctrl-F2 key combination. Part V: Using OpenOffice.org Draw With OpenOffice.org Draw, you can add high-quality illustrations to any OpenOffice.org document—whether it's a text document, spreadsheet, or presentation. In addition, it is possible to export the drawing to other applications using widely used graphic formats. Chapter 25. Drawing Types 77 Chapter 25. Drawing Types OpenOffice.org Draw allows you to create both vector and raster drawings. Let's look at the latter first. Raster pictures consist of a limited number of dots and the image in such pictures is formed by a combination of dots of different colors. As a result, raster-type drawings do not scale; more precisely, they look unimportant after resizing. At the same time, raster images are easily transferred from one program to another, since they are essentially reduced to a simple array of dots. Vector designs are those that consist of objects (lines, rectangles, circles, gradients, etc.) and do not have a fixed resolution; they can also include raster images as objects. Such graphics are perfectly scalable and can be converted into raster form at any given resolution at any time. Thanks to these properties, vector drawings are the most preferable when creating illustrations for documents; at the same time, when exporting a document to some format external to OpenOffice.org, vector drawings cannot always be used and in such cases are converted to raster. OpenOffice.org Draw is primarily designed for creating vector drawings; There are applications such as GIMP for working with raster images. The remainder of this tutorial will primarily discuss vector drawings; Raster graphics will be discussed in terms of their use as part of a vector image, as well as in the context of vector-to-raster conversion. 78 User's Guide Chapter 26. Principles of working with the program The general view of the main program window is shown in the figure. Figure 26.1. General view of the main window of OpenOffice.org Draw Like all other modules of the package, OpenOffice.org Draw has an intuitive graphical interface. At the top of the main window there is a menu area; going down - panels of functions, hyperlinks, objects; On the left there is a vertical toolbar, a little to the right - a ruler, even lower - a panel of symbols, colors - and finally, at the very bottom of the main window - a status bar. Any of them can be turned on or off through the menu “View”→“Character Panels”. Elements may contain so-called tear-off panels - this is indicated by the green arrow in the form of a triangle. A longer press on the tear-off panel symbol causes it to appear in an “independent” form. Next, you can select the desired tool or tear off the panel - to do this, left-click on the title and, without releasing it, Chapter 26. Principles of working with the program 79 Figure 26.2. button, move the panel to the work area. After working, you can close the unnecessary panel using the cross button on its title. Figure 26.3. In the central part of the main program window there is a drawing worksheet. The display scale of the worksheet is set through the menu “View”→“Scale” or using the Scale tool on the toolbar. 80 User's Guide Chapter 27. Graphic primitives Graphic primitives are the minimal graphic objects that make up a vector drawing - like the bricks from which a building is built. Graphic primitives in OpenOffice.org Draw include: lines and arrows; rectangles; circles, ellipses, arcs, segments and sectors; curves; connecting lines; three-dimensional objects (cube, ball, cylinder, etc.); text. Graphics primitives can form more complex objects thanks to the combination function and logical operations on shapes; this will be discussed later. Creating graphic primitives To create a primitive, long-click on the button of the corresponding group of primitives on the toolbar; then, having selected the desired primitive from the drop-down list of icons, release the button. As a result, the primitive creation mode is activated, in which you need to specify the location of the key points and distances of the primitive using the mouse. Different primitives have different numbers of parameters; Thus, a simple line has only two parameters, while a curve has an unlimited number. Below we will talk about the features of creating various primitives. Lines and arrows To create a line, specify the starting and ending points of the line on the drawing sheet: the starting point of the line is set with the left mouse button; then, without releasing the button, place the cursor on the end point of the line and release the button - the line is created. Chapter 27. Graphic primitives 81 Figure 27.1. Figure 27.2. Connector Line This object is created in the same way as a regular line. A special feature of a connecting line is its ability to snap to objects, so when creating a connecting line, instead of specifying the start or end point of the line, you can specify an object and the program itself will select the best point to connect the line to it. Rectangles Figure 27.3. 82 User Manual Here you need to specify the position of two opposite vertices of the rectangle - the first is indicated by pressing the left mouse button; then, without releasing it, move the cursor to the second point and fix the figure by releasing the button. Circles, ellipses, arcs, segments and sectors Figure 27.4. To create a circle and an ellipse, just specify the overall dimensions of the primitive with two points by clicking, dragging and releasing the left mouse button. In the case of an arc, segment or sector, you need to specify two more points on the contour of the primitive by simply pressing and releasing the left button. Three-dimensional objects Figure 27.5. Any three-dimensional object is created by specifying its maximum size in one of two dimensions. A three-dimensional object is created in fixed proportions, which change after its creation. Text Text is created by simply clicking the left mouse button in the desired place on the sheet; A typing frame with a text cursor will appear. Chapter 27. Graphic primitives 83 Figure 27.6. When creating text to fit within a frame, first define the frame with two dots by right-clicking, dragging, and releasing, then type the text. The font size will be automatically adjusted so that the text occupies the entire area of the specified frame. A legend is a box with an arrow that is usually used to explain some part of a drawing. It is created by click-drag-and-release with the right mouse button; You can then insert text inside the legend frame by double-clicking on the frame. As you enter text, the legend frame automatically resizes. Bezier curves, drawn curves, polygons Figure 27.7. Based on trigonometric equations, the French mathematician and engineer Pierre Bézier created a special way to simply and at the same time flexibly describe complex contours for metal-cutting machines used in the automotive industry; this method was called Bezier curves and, due to its simplicity and flexibility, subsequently became one of the most important computer graphics methods. Bezier curves are built using several points and guide lines. The points along which the curve is constructed are called reference points; each of them is characterized by two segments located on the tangent to the Bezier curve at the reference point (they are called guides). The length of each of them sets the steepness of the next or previous segment of the curve, and the angle of the tangent sets the direction in both directions from the reference point. 84 User Guide When creating a curve in OpenOffice.org Draw, its anchor points are sequentially specified using the left mouse button. If, after pressing the button to create a reference point, you do not release the button, you can set the angle and length of the guides; if you do not hold the button, then the length of the guides will be zero, and such a point will be a corner one. The guide of the first anchor point must be specified, otherwise the operation is cancelled. Double-clicking the left mouse button finishes drawing the curve. Chapter 27. Graphic primitives 85 Important Note that when creating a curve, the length of the guides in both directions is the same. You can change the lengths of guides individually after creating the curve using the point editing tool. Note Holding down the Shift key while creating a curve allows you to specify angles in multiples of 45 degrees; You can use the Alt key to close the curve. When working in the X Window, the Alt key may be used by the window manager, preventing this operation from being performed. For example, KDE by default uses Alt in combination with left-click to move a window. However, you can close the line by pressing Alt after the right button. The line will be closed, but the last anchor point will become a corner point. This can be easily fixed using the point editing tool. Alternatively, change your window manager settings to use a different modifier. The drawn line is also a Bezier curve, only the number of control points, the values and angles of the guides are determined automatically by the program. To create a drawn line, you need to press and hold the left mouse button and draw the desired curve by hand. Creating polygons consists of specifying all the vertices of the polygon. The second vertex must be specified by releasing the left mouse button, otherwise the operation will be cancelled; the remaining vertices are indicated by a regular click, and the last vertex by a double click. Just like when creating a curve, you can use the Alt and Shift keys to close the polygon and draw with angles that are multiples of 45 degrees, respectively. 86 User's Guide Chapter 28. Modification of graphic objects Each object - already modified, combined, converted, or simply a graphic primitive - has a certain set of characteristics, such as dimensions, color, rotation angle, font family and size, etc. Moreover, from the point of view of modification, objects can be divided into three groups: 1. graphic objects characterized by an area (most objects); 2. graphic objects characterized by private properties (lines, connecting lines, legend); 3. text objects (plain text). To change object parameters, first select the required one by clicking on any part of it. The program will confirm the selection by highlighting the area where the object is placed with square dots. In this case, primitives that are characterized by an area, as well as text objects, are highlighted by a field of eight square green dots, the rest are highlighted by turquoise dots, which show the key points of the object. You can select several objects at once using the left mouse button while holding down the Shift key - in this case, the selected objects will be highlighted with one field of eight dots and all further operations will affect all selected objects. The selection area of an object can be stretched, moved, rotated, etc. Stretching a plain text area does not change the size of the text; in all other cases, changing the size of the selection area results in scaling the object. Resizing and Moving The vertex points of a rectangular area of an object are used to resize the object in both dimensions, but the points on the sides are used only in one. To perform these actions, “grab” the desired point with the mouse, stretch the area and release the button. For objects of the second type, when changing the size, control points are used - approximately the same as when changing the size of an area, however, in this case, resizing occurs according to the rules of the object itself: for example, for a Legend, lengthening the index arrow does not result in to change the scope of explanation. The text object area frame specifies the typing margin and line width; changing its size does not lead to a change in font size, unlike text inscribed in a frame, where it depends on the size of the specified area and is automatically selected so that all the text fits in the specified area. To move an object, left-click on any part of the object, move the object without releasing the button, and releasing it, commit the change. Text of objects Almost all objects (except three-dimensional ones) can contain text in one form or another. For text objects this is, of course, the main function; for others - additional. If you double-click the left mouse button on an object, a cursor will appear that allows you to enter or correct the text of the object. Its properties can be changed in the same way as for text objects - using the tools of the object panel, the Format menu, or using the context menu. Effects Figure 28.1. For other operations on objects, such as rotation, mirroring and others, the effects panel is used. After selecting the rotation tool, the selection points of the object will take on a circular shape; Depending on the type of object selected, each point gives access to different functions. When you hover the mouse over the desired point, the cursor changes appearance, indicating a possible operation; In addition, when an operation is performed, the name and detailed data on the current operation appear in the status bar. If the function corresponding to the control point is not applicable for the selected object, the cursor changes to a crossed out circle. 88 User Manual Figure 28.2. The vertex points of the selection rectangle are used to rotate the object in the paper plane about the center, shown as a small circle with a crosshair. By default, the center of rotation is set exactly in the center of the object's selection area, but you can move it with the mouse to any point on the page. For 3D objects, points at the vertices of the selection area allow them to be rotated in the paper plane. Points on the sides of an object's selection area are used to distort the object in the appropriate direction. For 3D objects, these points allow them to be rotated in a plane that is perpendicular to the paper plane and parallel to the side of the rectangular selection containing the selected control point. The Effects panel allows you to perform other useful operations on objects, such as deformations, mirror reflections at any angle, constructing an object by rotating a flat prototype, and adjusting transparency. These tools will be covered in the next edition of this guide. Using the point editor The point editing mode can be called up through the Edit Points tool on the objects (or options) panel, the contextual drop-down menu (the “Edit Points” item) or from the keyboard with the F8 key. This mode is available for objects built from Bezier curves. Most objects, if it is necessary to edit points, can be converted to Bezier curves using the Convert item of the contextual drop-down menu. In point editing mode, you can change the point type, close a curve, add and delete points using the point editor tools that appear in the object panel after enabling point editing mode. Right-click Chapter 28. Modifying Graphic Objects 89 Figure 28.3. Figure 28.4. desired point - it will be possible to change the angle and size of the guide lines of the selected reference point. In this way, you can change the degree of bending of the line on different sides of this point. The anchor points themselves can be moved, deleted, added, and changed their type. In addition, the Edit Points panel has tools for closing or opening a curve and converting a line into a Bezier curve. Figure 28.5. For convenience, OpenOffice.org Draw distinguishes three types of anchor points: Symmetrical transition - a anchor point with guide segments of equal length. When you change the length of one symmetrical transition guide, the second one also changes its length. A smooth transition is a regular reference point with guides of different lengths and separately adjustable. The corner point is the reference point at which the curve seems to break. The guide segments of the corner point may not lie on the same line and may have different lengths. Once you select the desired anchor point, you can easily change its type using the tools on the Edit Points panel. Area properties The area of an object, if it exists, can be very flexibly configured through the tools of the object panel (menu “Format” → “Area” or the context menu “Area”). It can have different contents, cast a shadow and be transparent. The filling can be a color fill, a gradient fill, hatching, or a raster texture. Shadow and transparency also have their own settings, which can be found on the corresponding tabs of the area properties window. Chapter 28: Modifying Graphics Objects 91 Line Properties Every OpenOffice.org Draw object contains lines—even text has a border that is not visible by default. The settings for these lines can be called up through the tools of the object panel, the “Format”Line menu or through the “Line” context menu; in this case, you can change the color, thickness, set transparency and provide the ends of the line with arrows of various types. Text properties For text and text-containing objects, you can change its appearance and properties through the tools in the object panel, the Format menu, or the context menu. Text properties are called up using the tools of the object panel, the “Format” → “Text” menu or the “Text” context menu. Here it is determined whether the text will fit into the frame or vice versa - the text will determine the size of the frame, as well as whether various creeping effects will be applied when displaying the text on the screen. To change the properties of characters and paragraphs, use other menu items “Character” and “Paragraph” of the context menu or the same items of the “Format” menu. 92 User's Guide Chapter 29: Positioning Objects OpenOffice.org Draw has powerful tools for positioning objects. Often there is a need to align objects relative to each other, page or line; To perform these actions, use the tools on the Arrangement and Alignment panels, as well as the “Distribution” item in the context menu or the “Actions” menu. The tools on the options panel help you accurately place objects. Alignment Any object can be aligned to the page margins using the appropriate Alignment tearbar tools. Figure 29.1. There are separate tools for horizontal and vertical alignment - in the center and along the edges of the sheet. If you select several objects at once (while holding down the Shift key), you can use the same tools to align the objects relative to the edges or center of the selection area. Arrangement Depending on the order of creation, an object may overlap part of another object(s) or be occluded by other object(s). To control the location of objects in depth, use the tools of the Arrangement tear-off panel. The panel has tools for moving an object directly to the foreground or background, changing the position sequentially (behind the object or in front of the object), changing the position relative to a specific object. It is also possible to swap places (in depth) of two objects. Chapter 29. Positioning Objects 93 Figure 29.2. Distribute This feature allows you to align multiple objects relative to each other so that the distances between objects relative to the outlines or centers of the objects are equal. In this case, the outermost objects in the chain do not move. Figure 29.3. In order to use this function, you must first select three or more objects, and then call the “Distribution...” item from the context menu or the “Actions” menu. Positioning Objects Precisely The OpenOffice.org Draw Options Bar has a number of handy tools to make it easier to accurately position objects relative to each other or to the worksheet. Precise positioning is carried out by creating special marks or markers in the form of dots or lines on the drawing field, which can subsequently be used for easier positioning of objects. These labels are called anchors. OpenOffice.org Draw supports several types of bindings: grid - a grid is superimposed on the page field. When this snap is enabled, objects can be moved or scaled strictly along the grid nodes; User Manual 94 guide line - horizontal or vertical. To create this anchor, you need to left-click on the vertical or horizontal ruler and drag the line to the desired location on the sheet; page margins; object frames; object nodes; custom snapping - setting a snap in the form of a line or point anywhere on the sheet with millimeter accuracy. Created using the “Insert” menu “Line/Anchor point...” Figure 29.4. There are tools for turning on or off various kinds of snaps: to to to to the grid; guide lines; page margins; frames and nodes of objects. Chapter 29. Positioning objects 95 If you activate snapping, the object will seem to be attracted to it when moving, which greatly simplifies the precise positioning of the object. You can show or hide the binding for greater clarity. The options panel contains tools for switching the visual display of two types of anchors and guide frames of an object when moving: Figure 29.5. grids; guide lines; guide lines of the object's frame when moving. 96 User's Guide Chapter 30: Converting Objects Any object in OpenOffice.org Draw can be converted into one form or another, depending on its type; possible options are contained in the Convert context menu. This menu contains various sets options depending on the type of object selected. So, for example, for three-dimensional objects there are only two options, but for a rectangle there are already seven. By transforming objects, you can obtain new objects with completely different properties, having a completely different appearance compared to the original. Chapter 31. Groups of objects 97 Chapter 31. Groups of objects To perform actions on several objects at once, it is convenient to use the grouping function. To create a group, you must first select several objects while holding down the Shift key, and then select the “Group” item from the context menu (or the “Actions” menu) or use the hotkey Ctrl-Shift-G. Note If you use Ctrl-Shift as a keyboard switch and notice that similar combinations are used in many applications, try setting the language switching to Caps Lock (in this case, the case lock is switched to Shift-Caps Lock), this is more productive. Figure 31.1. The created group behaves like a persistent selection of multiple objects. The advantage of a group over the usual selection of several objects is precisely its consistency, since it does not make it possible to forget to select an object before the operation. A group can always be split using the "Ungroup" item in the context menu or the "Actions" menu, or using the keyboard shortcut Alt-Ctrl-Shift-G. To edit objects included in a group, there is no need to split the group - the operations of entering and leaving the group are intended for this. To do this, you can use the “Enter Group” (“Exit Group”) items of the context menu or the “Actions” menu, or the F3 hotkey (Ctrl-F3). You can leave the group by double-clicking the left mouse button past the group area, and enter by double-clicking on the area of any object included in the group. After entering a group, objects not included in this group are displayed more faded. This is done to make it easier to distinguish objects included in this group from others, as well as to indicate the mode of being in the group. Chapter 32. Combining objects 99 Chapter 32. Combining objects Creating a combination is as easy as grouping objects. To create a combination, you must first select several objects (holding down the Shift key), and then select the “Combine” item from the context menu (or the “Actions” menu) or use the hotkey Ctrl-Shift-K. Unlike grouping, when combining selected objects, a new object with new properties is created. The resulting combination inherits the properties of the object created first, or more precisely, the one that is behind all other objects selected for the combination (see the “Location” section). You can only combine objects that can be converted to Bezier curves. Figure 32.1. Transparent holes appear at the intersections of objects in the combination; this property is a payment for the opportunity to break a combination. This method can also be used as a temporary union of objects before performing logical operations on them. The resulting combination can always be unlinked using the “Unlink Combination” item in the context menu (or the “Actions” menu) or using the keyboard shortcut Alt-Ctrl-Shift-K. For some object types, the combining process converts the object to Bezier curves, so although the combination can always be unlinked, the combining operation is not completely reversible. 100 User's Guide Chapter 33: Logical Operations on Objects OpenOffice.org Draw allows you to logically add, subtract, and intersect objects. To perform logical operations, you need to select several objects (hold down the Shift key), then use the “Merge”, “Subtraction” or “Intersection” items of the “Forms” context menu or the “Actions” → “Forms” menu to perform the desired operation. As a result, a new object is formed that inherits the properties of the oldest one (or, more precisely, the one located deeper than all the other selected ones). Logical operations are irreversible, so if you want to undo an operation, the only way is to use the OpenOffice.org Draw undo function, which is available through the Edit → Undo menu or by hot Ctrl-Z key . Chapter 34. Naming Objects 101 Chapter 34. Naming Objects To make it easier to work with complex drawings, OpenOffice.org Draw allows you to assign names to certain types of objects, which then appear in the status bar each time you select an object. In addition, named objects are shown by the Navigator as separate elements of the drawing structure. You can only assign a name to: a group of objects; inserted objects: raster image, OLE object, formula, etc. 102 User Guide Chapter 35. Graphic styles Like a text document, a drawing can contain styles, but only one type - graphic. A graphic style is a comprehensive set of attribute values for a wide variety of graphic objects. When applied to an object, a style overrides the values of the object's attributes to the new values specified for this style. Graphic styles are especially convenient to use when creating complex designs with repeating elements; they are indispensable for drawings, various diagrams, diagrams, etc. To create, modify, apply and delete them, it is most convenient to use the Stylist, which can be called from the “Format” → “Stylist” menu, using the F11 key or from the function panel (On/Off Stylist). Figure 35.1. Chapter 35. Graphic styles 103 Having selected an object or several objects using the Stylist, it is easy to apply any style - just double-click on the desired item in the Stylist window. To change the style itself, just click on the desired one and select “Change” from the drop-down menu. Changes to the style will affect all graphic objects to which it was applied. Part VI. Databases in OpenOffice.org 106 User Guide Chapter 36. Database Concepts A database in OpenOffice.org allows you to insert data from external resources. The source can be Adabas, JDBC, ODBC, ADO, dBase, Text File, Spreadsheet Document, or Address Book Data. Database theory will not be discussed here, but only its basic concepts that can be worked with in OpenOffice.org. These are: data source - primary resource; table sets of rows of records; request is a command in SQL that modifies data or one of its views for the user; presentation (form, report) document for printing. Chapter 37. Creating and configuring a new data source 107 Chapter 37. Creating and configuring a new data source To create a new data source, you need to open the dialog in the “Tools” → “Source data” menu. .." Here you can edit existing sources or create new ones. To create, click on the New data source button - it will appear new entry in the list on the left. Figure 37.1. Setting up a data source (the “General” tab) On the first tab, enter the resource name and resource source; In the Name field, enter the name of the database. In the Database type field, enter the actual database type. As mentioned above, this could be Adabas, JDBC, ODBC, ADO, dBase, Text, Spreadsheet Document, Address Book Data. In the Source URL field, enter the path to the database or the URL for accessing it. The following tabs in the dialog depend on the type of database source. For example, consider dBase as a database type. In the Source URL field, you need to enter the path to an existing dBase database or the directory in which the data will be stored. 108 User Manual On the “dBase” tab, enter the parameters of the created database. The "Tables" tab displays all the tables available in this database. Figure 37.2. Setting up a data source (Tables tab) Above the list of tables there are three buttons that are used to create a new table as well as edit and delete existing ones. When you click on the create table button, the constructor will be called. Here you need to enter the fields and their types; After finishing editing, save the table in the database by entering its name. The edit button will bring up the same dialog. When deleting a table, you must confirm the operation. Chapter 38. Working with the Address Book as a Database 109 Chapter 38. Working with the Address Book as with a Database As mentioned above, the source can be an address book exported to the OpenOffice.org database. When you first load OpenOffice.org, the program will ask for the data source for the address book; a new Address Book resource will appear in the “Source Data” dialog. However, you can skip entering address book data when you first start and add this data source later. To use the address book, select it in the source data; In the dialog that appears, indicate the source. 110 User Guide Chapter 39. Entering and changing data in tables To enter data, open “Source Data” using the button on the toolbar on the right or by pressing the F4 key. Clicking on the + next to the data source opens a list from which you can select tables, queries or reports; Having selected the desired table in it, you can enter new or change already entered data. Chapter 40. Entering and building queries 111 Chapter 40. Entering and building queries On the “Queries” tab there is a list of queries that can be added, edited and deleted - for this there are six buttons above the list. Figure 40.1. Setting up a data source (the “Queries” tab) The first button is used to create a new query using the builder; in the dialog that appears, select the table from which the selection will be made. This version of OpenOffice.org does not support table join queries, so you can only add one table. The second button also serves to create a request, but using SQL language . In the dialog that appears, you need to enter a command to select from the table. This version of OpenOffice.org does not support multi-table or data-modifying queries. On the toolbar of the macro editing dialog there are several buttons for working with the request. To process the request, you need to click on the start button. An additional panel will open containing a table with the query results. 112 User Guide After the start button there is a button to clear the request. To switch between the query builder and the query text, use the designer view switch button. Additional buttons follow. The first one is used to add a table to a query. The next group of buttons is used to turn the groups used in the query on and off. The first button allows you to use functions in your request. Turning off functions from the query builder prevents them from being entered. The second turns off the display of table names in the query. The third turns off table aliases. The fourth button allows you to exclude duplicate combinations from the request. Chapter 41. Creating reports 113 Chapter 41. Creating reports Reports are created on the last tab in the Source Data dialog. Here you can create, edit, view, connect previously created ones, or delete them. Figure 41.1. Setting up a data source (the “Reports” tab) The first button is used to include an existing file in the list of reports. The second button is used to edit the name and path to the report file; the third button is used to exclude from the report list. The next two buttons are used to view and edit the report. Clicking on one of these buttons will open a report file. When viewing a report, you can navigate through the records using the database toolbar at the bottom of the window. The last button is used to create a new report file; any type of document can be used in this capacity. When you click the button, select a report type from the list. To quickly create a report, you can use the Autopilot... function. When you select this function, a new window will open and a macro will run to create an auto report; In the dialog that appears, enter the parameters step by step. The first step is to select the data source, table or query from which the data will be taken, and the fields that will be displayed. 114 User's Guide On the second, you enter parameters for the appearance of the report. This is the location of the fields in the report, the type of display of elements (can be without a border, three-dimensional or flat) and the background of the report. After customizing the appearance of the report, click on the Create button. The created documents can be printed in the same way as an ordinary text document. Data can be inserted into any document - to do this, insert a Text Field control element into it (Form button on the left panel). In the form properties dialog (toolbar when selecting an object), on the “Data” tab, select the source database; in the Content Type field - data origin (table or query). In the Content field, specify the element (table, regular or SQL query) that will be used as data. In the control element properties dialog, on the “Data” tab, set the data field. To switch between editing and viewing control modes, use the On/Off button in the Form tool menu. project mode. To view the data, turn off Project Mode. At the bottom of the window you will see a database panel, with which you can navigate through records, change and filter them. Part VII. Group work on a document User's Guide 116 Chapter 42. Introduction Often, several authors or editors are involved in the process of creating or editing a document; Moreover, each participant works on his own copy of the document in parallel with other authors. In this case, it is very important to be able to take into account changes made to your copy of the document by other authors. OpenOffice.org has special group document features available for text documents and spreadsheets. The entire set of group work functions can be divided into two categories: 1. functions for making changes and commenting: recording changes; making changes without recording (not recommended); 2. functions of accepting/rejecting changes: merging documents; comparison of documents; acceptance/rejection of changes. Let's assume that when working on a draft contract, coordination with a lawyer and an accountant is required; Each participant is given a copy of the agreement. The lawyer and accountant work on their copy of the contract independently and then return revised copies of the contract. Chapter 43. Making changes to a document 117 Chapter 43. Making changes to a document The peculiarity of making changes when working in groups on a document is that all changes must be made with the “Edit” → “Corrections” → “Write” option turned on. In this mode, all changes made are displayed in a special way - in a color unique to each author. In spreadsheets, cells containing changes are displayed with a colored border that matches the author who made the changes. In addition to color, for a text document: additions are highlighted with underlining; deletions are displayed as crossed out text; The line containing the change is highlighted with a vertical line in the document field. Figure 43.1. When you hover your mouse over a location containing a change, a tooltip appears containing information about the author, nature, date and time of the change. Each change can be provided with additional information in the form of a comment using the “Edit” → “Corrections” → “Comment” function - it will be displayed during the process of accepting or rejecting the change. Settings for displaying changes are available through the menu “Tools” → “Options...” then for text documents: “Text document” → “Corrections”, and for spreadsheets: “Spreadsheet document” → “Corrections”. 118 User Guide To disable the mode for recording changes, you need to select the “Edit” → “Corrections” → “Record” menu again. Keep in mind that not all changes are remembered in change recording mode, such as creating new styles and other complex formatting. After disabling the change recording mode, it is not recommended to edit the document. Chapter 44: Accepting/Rejecting Changes 119 Chapter 44: Accepting/Rejecting Changes Assuming that both the lawyer and the accountant made changes to their copies of the contract—the original document now needs to be updated to reflect the changes made by both the lawyer and the accountant. First you need to combine three documents into one. To do this, you need to open the original contract and select the menu “Edit” → “Corrections” → “Merge Document...”. In the window that opens, select the file corrected by the lawyer and click the Insert button. The Accept or Reject Changes window will appear, displaying a list of changes made by the lawyer. You can view and accept or reject changes by selecting the appropriate line in the list and using the Accept (Accept all) and Reject (Reject all) buttons, or simply close this window and repeat the operation for the second file. Figure 44.1. Acceptance and rejection of changes (tab “List”) As a result of these operations, changes are made to the original agreement, recorded by both the lawyer and the accountant. If the list of changes is very large, then it is convenient to use a filter that can be configured by various parameters - date, author, action and description. 120 User Manual Figure 44.2. Accepting and rejecting changes (the “Filter” tab) If any author made at least one change without turning on the change recording mode, the merge operation will fail. In this case, you can use the file comparison function. Let's assume that when merging with an accountant's file, the message "Merge - Unable" is received, but we know that some changes were made. This probably means that at least one change was made outside of the change recording mode. You can try to determine the difference in documents using the “Edit” → “Compare Document...” menu. In the window that appears, you must specify the file name of the copy of the accountant's agreement. If differences exist, the “Accept or reject changes” window will appear, in which the list of changes will be supplemented with those changes made by the accountant. When using the file comparison feature, it is very important to remember what is being compared specified file relative to the open file. Therefore, in our example, the changes made by the accountant will be inverted by action: what was added by the accountant will appear in the list of changes with the action Delete instead of Insert. This means that to apply an action, you need to click Reject instead of Accept and vice versa. Chapter 45. Document Versions 121 Chapter 45. Document Versions Any OpenOffice.org file can contain several different versions of a document. Versions can be viewed, created, deleted, or compared with another using the “File” → “Versions...” item. The comparison creates a list of changes relative to the most recent version. OpenOffice.org 123 Contents I. Getting started with OpenOffice.org. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1. Launch OpenOffice.org, open the file. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 II. Basics of working with text documents. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 2. Navigation through the text. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 3. Basic principles of working with text. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Enter text. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Deleting text. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Selecting text. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Copying and moving text. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 4. Text formatting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Visual highlighting of text. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Change the font, size, color of characters. . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Formatting paragraphs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Line spacing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Using lists. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Use of special inserts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Setting up and using tabs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Drawing frames and lines, curly text. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 5. Saving, opening and printing documents. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Saving and opening. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Printing documents. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 6. Structural formatting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Structural and physical formatting. . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Creating texts with or without the help of styles. . . . 24 Document structure (Navigator). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 7. Spell checking. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 8. Hyphenation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 9. Using the Find and Replace function. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 10. Customizing toolbars. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 11. Arrangement of windows on the screen. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 III. Spreadsheets. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 12. Main window of OpenOffice.org Calc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 Menu. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 Input line. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 Character panels. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 Working area of the sheet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 Status bar. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 Sheet navigator. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 13. Data entry. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 124 User Manual 14. Entering formulas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 15. Autofill. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 16. Cell format. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 17. Links. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 18. Diagrams. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 19. Styles. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 IV. Creation of presentations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 20. Getting started with presentations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 21. Presentation modes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 22. Working with a slide. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 23. Presentation panel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 24. Transition effects between slides. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 V. Using OpenOffice.org Draw. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 25. Types of drawings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 26. Principles of working with the program. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 27. Graphic primitives. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 Creation of graphic primitives. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 Lines and arrows. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 Connecting line. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 Rectangles. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 Circles, ellipses, arcs, segments and sectors. . . . . . 82 Three-dimensional objects. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 Text. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 Bezier curves, drawn curves, polygons. . 83 28. Modification of graphic objects. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86 Resizing and moving. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86 Text of objects. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 Effects. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 Using the point editor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 Area properties. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 Line properties. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 Text properties. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 29. Positioning of objects. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 Alignment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 Location. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 Distribution. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 Precise positioning of objects. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 30. Transformation of objects. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96 31. Groups of objects. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 32. Combining objects. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 33. Logical operations on objects. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 OpenOffice.org 34. Naming objects. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35. Graphic styles. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . VI. Databases at OpenOffice.org. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36. Basic concepts of databases. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37. Creating and configuring a new data source. . . . . . . 38. Working with the address book as a database. . . . . . . . . 39. Entering and changing data in tables. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40. Entering and building queries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41. Creating reports. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . VII. Group work on a document. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42. Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43. Making changes to the document. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44. Acceptance/rejection of changes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45. Document versions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125 101 102 105 106 107 109 110 111 113 115 116 117 119 121 126 User manual List of illustrations 4.1. Text properties. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.2. Inserting a special field via the menu. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.3. Setting up special fields. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.1. Saving the document. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.1. Stylist. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.2. Setting up styles. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.3. Setting indents and spacing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.4. Navigator. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.1. Spell check. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.1. Hyphenation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.1. Find and replace. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.1. Customizing toolbars. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.1. OpenOffice.org Calc main window. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.2. Inserting a sheet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.3. Moving a sheet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.1. Changing the cell size. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.2. Cell attributes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.1. Autopilot functions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18.1. Automatic chart format (dialog 1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18.2. Automatic chart format (dialog 2). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18.3. Automatic chart format (dialog 3). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18.4. Automatic chart format (dialog 4). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18.5. Automatic chart format (dialog 5). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20.1. Autopilot of presentations (dialogue 1). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20.2. Autopilot of presentations (dialogue 2). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20.3. Autopilot of presentations (dialogue 3). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20.4. Autopilot of presentations (dialogue 4). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22.1. Selecting an effect. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22.2. Applying a ticker effect to text. . . . . . . . . . 22.3. Setting the background. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24.1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26.1. General view of the main window of OpenOffice.org Draw. . . . . . . . . . . 26.2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26.3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27.1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27.2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27.3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27.4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27.5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 15 15 19 24 24 26 27 29 31 33 35 40 41 41 43 43 46 53 53 54 55 55 60 60 60 60 65 67 69 73 78 78 78 80 80 81 82 82 OpenOffice. org 27.6. 27.7. 28.1. 28.2. 28.3. 28.4. 28.5. 29.1. 29.2. 29.3. 29.4. 29.5. 31.1. 32.1. 35.1. 37.1. 37.2. 40.1. 41.1. 43.1. 44.1. 44.2. 127. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 Setting up a data source (General tab). . . . . . . . 107 Setting up a data source (Tables tab). . . . . 108 Setting up a data source (Queries tab). . . . . . 111 Setting up a data source (Reports tab). . . . . . . 113. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 Acceptance and rejection of changes (List tab). . . 119 Acceptance and rejection of changes (Filter tab). . . 119 128 User Manual List of tables 1.1. OpenOffice.org Document Types. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 4.1. Text alignment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 4.2. Tabs management. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 22.1. Basic tools. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
What keeps users from switching from commercial programs to free ones? In some cases, it is the difficulty of finding an alternative that would suit you in all respects; in others, it is simply a habit that is hard to break. For some specialized programs It is really difficult to find free and at the same time sufficiently functional analogues, but, for example, problems are unlikely to arise with finding an alternative office suite. There are quite a lot of free ones, as well as several full-fledged office packages, including tools for working with text, spreadsheets and presentations. The most famous free office suite is definitely .org.
In mid-October, a new, third version of this application package was released. Exit new version OpenOffice.org is a good reason to take another look at it. It is quite possible that it now meets all the requirements that you put forward for an office suite, and therefore may well replace MS on your computer.
Perhaps one of the main advantages of OpenOffice.org over numerous free office applications is full support Russian language. Since working with documents is, first of all, working with text, the lack of verification is a very serious drawback. In OpenOffice.org, everything is in order with language support - just download the Russian version, and you will receive a completely Russified office suite.
As before, OpenOffice.org consists of six main applications: the text editor Writer, the spreadsheet program Calc, the presentation application Impress, the database tool Base, the vector graphics tool Draw, and the equation editor Math. After installation, in addition to the shortcuts for launching these six programs, you can see another one in the Start menu, which is simply called OpenOffice.org. It launches a shell with a greeting, with which you can create or open a document the right type, open or download the template, go to the add-on download page and register the program. Registration is not mandatory - it is simply a kind of statistical tool to count the total number of users of the package.
The shell is only an auxiliary tool, and you can open and create documents, as before, directly after launching applications. By the way, it would not be amiss to mention one interesting opportunity OpenOffice.org, which does not exist in MS Office - the document opening window is common to all applications. In other words, if you have Writer running, for example, and you need to open a spreadsheet, you can select that document type from the open window, after which Calc will launch. In MS Office, you can only open a Word document from the Word window, and you can only use Excel to open a table.
The program interface has not undergone significant changes and, as before, resembles MS Office 2003 and more earlier versions. Perhaps this will seem insufficiently modern to some, but, on the other hand, the usability of the new MS Office 2007 interface can be debated for a long time, and the fact that it takes a lot of time to master is beyond any doubt. Among the small improvements in the OpenOffice.org 3 interface, we can note a new set of icons for commands located on the toolbar.
However, the developers of the Writer text editor nevertheless adopted some of the new MS Office 2007 interface. This is a convenient slider for changing the scale, located in the lower right corner of the program window. In previous versions, to change the scale you had to use a special dialog box or menu with several options, but now everything is much more convenient. The user can freely change the scale, but at the same time quickly return to the most optimal option viewing the document using special marks on the zoom scale.
Next to the new slider you can find buttons for switching viewing modes. In the second version of OpenOffice.org, you could only see one page of a multi-page document on the screen, but now you can view several pages at once. This feature is especially useful when you need to get an idea of general view document before printing it, it will also be useful when working with two monitors.
Unfortunately, for some reason the slider for changing the scale was added only to the text editor, although it would be no less useful in other applications of the package.
Users who collaborate on documents will likely appreciate the improved comment viewing feature. Notes left by other users in the third version of Writer are much more visual - they are displayed in the margins in small rectangles, from which there is an arrow pointing to the place in the text to which the comment relates. Along with the text of the note, you can see the name of the user who left it, as well as the time. Comments from different users are colored differently for clarity.
Among all the applications that are part of OpenOffice.org, the most popular are Writer, Calc and Impress. Therefore, it is not surprising that they were given special attention. Main innovations in text editor We have already discussed above, as for the program for working with spreadsheets, it also has something interesting.
Firstly, Calc tables can now contain up to 1024 columns, while in the previous version this number was four times less - 256. Of course, Calc is still a long way from Excel 2007, which supports 16 thousand columns, but most users will probably never pay attention to the 1024 column limit, since this is quite a lot.
The second useful innovation in Calc will be of interest to those users who work on documents together over the network. The program has a new command that allows you to share a document. Once the table's author has made it available to other users, they can make changes to it and add new data. When collaboration completed, the author can view the changes and save them.
Unfortunately, the function sharing table has some limitations. Thus, when working in this mode, it is impossible to change number formats, font settings, or edit diagrams and drawings. In addition, when changes are made to the table, they are not reflected in real time to those users who are currently working with it. To view the changes, you must refresh the document or open it again.
The main innovation in the Impress program is the ability to insert tables. In the second version of OpenOffice.org, tables could only be inserted into presentations as embedded Calc objects, which, of course, was not very convenient. Now in the “Insert” menu you can find the “Table” item, after selecting which a window appears in which you can specify the required number of rows and columns. Once a table has been added to a presentation, it can be freely edited using the Impress tools located on the dedicated Table toolbar.
Another improvement in Impress that also applies to Draw is a more convenient image cropping feature. With the crop tool selected, you can now crop by simply dragging the handles located in the corners and sides of the picture.
OpenOffice.org has always worked quite well with MS Office documents, giving users the ability to both open files in Microsoft's native formats and save in them. However, this applied to those formats that were used in MS Office 97-2003. The second version of OpenOffice.org did not support new format Open XML, in which documents were saved by default in MS Office 2007, and files with the extension .docx, .xlsx, .pptx were not opened in the program.
The third version added support for these formats, although incomplete. Users can open Open XML files, but if they need to make changes to them, they must save the file in another format, for example, in OpenOffice.org's native ODF format or in older MS Office formats. Since MS Office 2007 works with doc, xls and other files, this does not cause any particular inconvenience.
Note that integration with the ODF format in MS Office 2007 is implemented much worse - by default, there is no support for the “native” OpenOffice.org format in the Microsoft package, although it is promised to be implemented in the second update package, which is scheduled for release early next year. Users of MS Office 2007 Service Pack 1 can use a special add-on ODF Plugin developed by Sun to open and save ODF files, and those who have not yet installed Service Pack 1 can use the plugin.
Another improvement in OpenOffice.org regarding format support is the use of the new version of the ODF 1.2 format for saving documents by default, which features improved metadata support and expanded tools for working with formulas. If necessary, the user can set the program settings to use the old ODF 1.1 format, in which documents were saved in OpenOffice.org 2.
Conclusion
Overall, there aren't too many new features in OpenOffice.org 3, but some of them are important enough to warrant an upgrade. For example, the ability to open MS Office 2007 documents is a very important innovation, thanks to which users working with the latest version of the Microsoft office suite and having many documents saved in the new format can now safely switch to OpenOffice.org without fear of will not be able to access their data.
The program distribution is about 140 MB in size and can be downloaded from the official website
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2. General information about the Writer editor
Running text Writer processor can be produced:
- by clicking on the OpenOffice.orgWriter icon
- from the Start menu (in the Windows operating environment), Programs section - OpenOffice.org
Launch Writer.
General view of the Writer working window
3.Creating, opening, saving a document
3.1. Creating a new document
You can create a blank document in Writer in several ways:
- By pressing the Control+N keys (hereinafter the “+” sign means pressing the keys simultaneously). If you are already working with open document, then the new document appears in a new window.
- Selecting File / New / Text Document.
- Click on the "New" icon on the Standard toolbar.
3.2. Creating a document from a template
You can use templates to create a new document in Writer. Templates serve as the basis for a number of documents, ensuring they all have the same layout.
OpenOffice.org contains some ready-made templates, you can also add new ones to them and use them to create new documents.
Select the template, then click the Open button. A new document will be created using the formats defined in this template.
3.3. Opening a document
Opening an existing text file (text) when open editor Writer is produced
- By pressing Control+O
- Selecting File/Open/file name.
- Click on the "Open" icon on the toolbar
The file name is selected from the contents of the corresponding folder.
3.4. Saving a document
To save a file
- under the same name, enter the command File / Save,
- under the new name File / Save As... / File name.
OpenOffice uses its own data storage format (.ODT) to save documents.
If you might need to share your documents with other authors who do not use OpenOffice.org but work with Microsoft program Word, you can save documents in Word format.
In addition, the contents of the document are automatically saved.
To change the document autosave settings, go to the menu item Tools/Options/Downloads and saving/General and select the interval at which your document will be autosave.
4. Viewing modes
There are 2 types of displaying text on the screen: “Print Layout” and Web Page Mode,” but the “Print Layout” mode (a view prepared for printing) is usually used; switching between modes is called by the View / Print Layout command.
5. Toolbars
The buttons on the toolbars (below the Menu bar) duplicate the menu bar commands.
A list of all panels is called up using the View / Toolbars command. The icon marks those panels that are called up for work. The most commonly used panels are Standard, Formatting, and Table.
Click on the View/Status Bar menu to activate the status bar on your working window. This panel will allow you to see the number of pages in your document, text formatting style, and scale bar.
Horizontal and vertical coordinate rulers are displayed on the screen using the View / Ruler command.
The document display size can be changed using the View / Scale command or the Scale button on the Standard toolbar.
5. Page formatting
The margins and size of the text part of the page are set in the Format / Page / Page menu.
Here the width and height of the sheet are set (standard sheet is A4 format), the orientation of the sheet is determined (portrait - vertical or landscape - horizontal), the presence and size of headers and footers, and the number of columns for writing text. In the Margins section, indents from the edges of the sheet are determined (top, bottom, right, left). After installation, the page parameters are fixed by pressing the OK button.
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