Instruction
Very often, you can lower the frequency of the RAM only using the BIOS. The method below may not be suitable for some laptop models. It may also not be suitable for owners of computers with an outdated BIOS. Much depends on the model of your motherboard. On some of them, manual adjustment of the frequency of RAM is simply blocked.
Turn on your computer. Immediately after pressing the power button, press the Del button on the keyboard. Instead of loading the operating system that you are used to, you will be taken to the BIOS menu. You need to control this menu using the arrows on the keyboard, since mouse control will not be available.
In the main BIOS menu, select the Advanced tab, and then in the menu that appears - CPU Configuration. Next, click on the option called Memory Controller. After that go to Memory Configuration. Then you need to select the Memory Frequeng option. Select Manual from the list of options for this setting.
The current window will now have one more Frequeny parameter available. Select it. A list of available frequencies will appear. Select an available frequency below the current one at which the memory will operate. Now go to the main menu. Exit BIOS. When you click Exit, a window will appear asking you to save your settings. Select the Save option. The computer will restart and the memory will run at a reduced frequency.
If problems occur after lowering the memory frequency, it is recommended to restore the standard frequencies. To do this, set the Memory Frequeng value to Auto. After a reboot, the settings will be restored. Also, often if the system cannot run at the frequency you set, it will simply restore the default memory settings.
A laptop is a gadget that is very convenient to use, because with a wireless Internet connection, you can work where it is convenient for you. Also, a laptop is useful for people leading a "nomadic" lifestyle. And almost every owner laptop sooner or later faced with the problem of overheating of the machine. This causes a lot of inconvenience, especially if you work with a laptop on your lap. How to downgrade temperature your laptop?
You will need
- Can of compressed air, brushes, thermal paste, ventilated stand, screwdrivers.
Instruction
The system gets very hot during operation. That is why a cooling system is installed in any. However, over time, it begins to overheat and cause significant inconvenience. It is best to install a utility immediately after purchase, with which you can constantly monitor the temperature of the system. It is very lightweight and does not waste a lot of resources. If your laptop is above normal, then there are several ways to eliminate this phenomenon.
Try setting the power saving mode. Remember that only if it is used. Set up the system optimally. Set the intervals after which the laptop will go into sleep mode. Note that turning off the screen also helps reduce heat. Check how much resources are being used by programs that are running in the background. Leave only the ones you need running.
Another way to lower the temperature is to raise the back of the laptop a little. The vents are usually located below or. Raising the laptop slightly will allow for better airflow and lower system temperatures.
Buy a ventilation stand. It is usually powered by a USB port. Its essence lies in the fact that additional cooling fans are installed in it, which contribute to the cooling of the case and provide additional air flow. It should be noted that it is advisable to use it only when the laptop is powered from the network, since such a stand consumes a lot of energy.
Clean the cooling system regularly. Over time, a lot of dust, which is contained in the air, collects on the fan blades. This dust begins to interfere with normal operation, so the fans begin to cool the laptop worse and the temperature rises steadily. To clean it, you need to remove the parts of the case that cover the fans in order to gain access to the cooling system. Clean the entire system with brushes and a can of compressed air.
Also over time is necessary. It is the link between the microprocessor and the cooling radiator. If the thermal paste begins to lose its qualities, it ceases to conduct heat. Replacing thermal paste is a simple process, so you can do it in. However, if your laptop is still under warranty, then you need to take it to a service center so that you do not lose the warranty due to unauthorized interventions.
Useful advice
Clean the cooling system regularly. Constantly monitor the temperature of the system.
A significant drawback of modern PC components is very high heat dissipation. This is especially true for the processor and gaming graphics cards. Therefore, it is not surprising that the system unit can get very hot, especially in high load mode. And if the frequency of the processor and video cards are overclocked, then the temperature computer may rise above normal.
Today we will talk again about the problems of increasing temperatures, namely how to reduce the temperature of the processor. Heating of the components of the system unit can significantly affect their lifespan, and among all the components, there is nothing that generates heat more strongly than the processor. Due to the fact that advanced processors generate a lot of heat, they must be cooled by a well-designed hot air exhaust system. Such a system usually consists of a cooler and a heatsink and is able to reduce the temperature of the processor.
Safe heat levels
To begin with, you should know what the operating temperature of the processor is, and then think about how to reduce the temperature of the processor as a whole. The maximum temperature of the processor will depend on the specific CPU model. From my last article, you learned how the temperature of the processor is determined. If the processor temperature starts to exceed 60 degrees Celsius (122-140 degrees Fahrenheit), then you should consider how to lower the temperature of the processor, and what kind of cooling system to purchase for this. The vast majority of modern motherboards and CPUs have thermal diodes that can monitor the temperature of the CPU through the BIOS menu of the motherboard itself, or using the operating system and special applications for system monitoring.
Installation of the cooling system
The cooling system performs its task very well, since its kit contains materials that conduct heat well - usually these are copper or aluminum plates, which have a small wall thickness and in an increased amount make up the main body of the radiator, at the same time increasing the total area that is cooled cooler. Together, such a cooling system allows you to productively remove heat and reduce the temperature of the processor. In order for heat to be well removed from the surface of the processor, it is insulated with a uniform, thin layer of special thermal paste, which establishes an effective heat transfer of excess heat from the processor to the heatsink. Thermal paste produces this effect, as it increases the main contact area of the heated elements with a metal radiator, filling all the bumps and roughness of a poorly polished surface, allowing you to better reduce the temperature of the processor
Efficiency of cooling systems
Productive cooling systems are an order of magnitude more expensive to manufacture than standard systems. While aluminum alloy heatsinks handle high temperatures well, copper options are much better, but at the same time more expensive. Therefore, you can always replace the standard cooling system with an expensive and more efficient option, in the event that the processor overheats or, for example, you overclocked your stone. The most efficient cooling systems will be pure copper and well designed to strike the best balance between your system's size, performance and airflow control.
Hull design
If the design of your system case and the placement of internal parts interfere with the circulation of cold air currents, and hot streams are poorly removed outside of it, then the processor will never be able to be well cooled - this will prevent the processor from lowering the temperature. Cold air flows must freely enter the inside of the case through the front grilles, and exit together with hot air through the rear ventilation holes. In order to improve ventilation and reduce the temperature of the processor, the system power supply is mounted in the rear, upper part of the case and its cooler serves as an additional source of active heat removal from the system unit. You can also mount additional coolers for active injection of cold air on the front panel of the system unit and its active ejection from the back. If you are bothered by an increase in the noise threshold from them, use low-speed coolers with large blades (120, and preferably 140 mm in diameter). Also in stores you can buy coolers with a silent version of the work.
If the noise coming from your CPU cooling system is getting intrusive, then you should get a more efficient and quieter system. Such a system will allow the use of coolers at lower speeds, which, as a rule, are large and will easily reduce the temperature of the processor. In addition to all of the above, I recommend that you install a system for controlling the speed of the cooler blades, which can be adjusted manually or automatically.
I hope that my article has brought some clarity on how to lower the temperature of the processor, and I wish everyone good luck and lower the temperature!
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What is one of the most common causes of computer instability? Banal overheating. Interruptions, errors, lags, sudden reboots and shutdowns - this is an incomplete list of symptoms that it manifests itself. Is it possible to work comfortably at the same time? Of course no. Is it possible to identify the problem before it has taken such obvious forms? Certainly yes. How? It is enough to monitor the temperature of devices from time to time, and the most indicative of them is the temperature of the processor (CPU).
What is the normal CPU temperature
To control any indicator, you need to know its normal value. Unfortunately, there is no single temperature norm for PC and laptop processors. For different generations, modifications and models, it has its own. So, the maximum and operating temperatures of mobile CPUs are on average 10-20 degrees higher than desktop ones. Older generation processors tolerate heat only up to 60-70 ° C, while modern ones are able to heat up to a hundred or more. AMD products tend to have a narrower operating temperature range than Intel products.
You can find out what temperature maximum your processor is designed for from its documentation on the manufacturer's website. Let's look at a couple of examples: Intel® Core™ i5-6200U for laptops and AMD 10 PRO-7850B for desktop systems.
The maximum temperature of the Intel Core i5 6200U die is specified in the chassis specifications ("T junction" parameter). As we can see, it is 100 °C.
If the mobile processor is produced in two different types of packages - removable and non-removable, the "T junction" column contains 2 values. Intel Core i5 6200U only available in non-removable case - FC BGA 1356, as indicated by the letters BGA ( B all G rid A rray) in its name. The pins of microcircuits in such packages are an array of tiny balls that are soldered to pads on the motherboard.
Removable Intel processors have the abbreviation PGA ( P in G rid A ray). Their contacts are represented by an array of pins (pins) that are inserted into the socket (processor socket).
The maximum temperature of modern mobile CPUs in BGA modifications is 100-105 °C, and PGA - 80-90 °C.
The temperature limit of this CPU is 72.4°C. This is the average for AMD A-series desktop gems.
The optimal temperature value for both mobile and desktop processors is conventionally considered to be 35-50% lower than the maximum under normal load. Short-term peak rises to values by 10-15% below the limit are also considered acceptable.
Why is overheating bad for a computer?
Some users are very afraid of even a slight increase in processor temperature, they say, it can burn out from this. Not really. Modern CPUs have a very reliable thermal protection system and just do not burn. When the temperature is close to the limit, they reduce the clock frequency, which gives them the opportunity to cool down a bit. The computer at this time sharply slows down or freezes completely. And if the heating continues and reaches a maximum, it turns off.
The processor temperature is an indicator of the state of the entire system. Its constant high values usually indicate overheating of other devices, which happens, for example, due to contamination of the cooling system with dust. Excessively high ambient temperatures are most harmful not to the processor, but to the mechanics of the hard drive. But especially dangerous for him are sudden power outages when the CPU thermal protection is triggered. The fact is that the read and write heads that fly over the surface of the platters during disk operation may not have time to move to the parking area, fall on the magnetic layer and physically destroy part of the information on it.
The high temperature inside the PC case also adversely affects the state of the power supply and video card. Both of these devices generate a lot of heat during operation, and constant exposure to sauna conditions contributes to their wear and failure much earlier than expected.
Processor Temperature Monitoring Tools
There are a lot of programs with CPU temperature monitoring functions in nature. The most popular among our compatriots are the following:
- HWiNFO 32/64 is a free Windows application that displays a significant amount of information about all computer devices, including temperature sensors.
- Aida64 is a paid utility with a 30-day trial period, which, in addition to informational functions, has diagnostic functions.
- Core Temp is a simple program that displays detailed information about the processor and constantly monitors its temperatures.
- Real Temp - gives almost the same data as Core Temp, plus it has a sound alert function when a predetermined temperature threshold is reached.
And CPU-Z, unfortunately, does not show the temperature of the processor.
The example below is part of the system monitoring summary table obtained by the HWiNFO utility.
The first column of values displays the current indicators of the state of the CPU, the second - the minimum, the third - the maximum, the fourth - the average.
Unfortunately, the universal utilities listed above do not always provide reliable data. As, for example, in the case shown in the following screenshot.
Here, we see that the first temperature value is much lower than room temperature, and the second one is approaching the upper limit of the norm for this processor. To find out what it really is, I will use the Asus AI Suite 3 utility, which was installed on the computer along with the motherboard drivers (OS Windows 7). Her score is exactly right. And the norm.
By the way, you can find out the temperature of the "stone" without programs. It is enough to look into the BIOS. In the console versions of the BIOS Setup utility, the option is called "CPU temperature" (sometimes - "CPU Temp" or "Processor Temp") and is located in the "Power" or "PC Health" section. In graphical versions (UEFI), it is usually displayed on the main screen.
The BIOS indicators are certainly reliable, but not very informative, since the computer at this time does not perform any operations that load it. After starting Windows, the processor temperature rises by about 5-10 ° C, as system processes and background programs begin to work.
How to evaluate the efficiency of the cooling system
You can judge whether the cooling system of the processor (and other devices) is functioning effectively enough, indirectly - by the operation of the computer. When the equipment is well cooled, the machine runs stably, smoothly and confidently pulls an adequate load for it. CPU temperatures approach the upper thresholds only during very intensive work, but do not reach the maximum.
With a lack of cooling, the computer starts to slow down first at high, then at medium, and finally at light load. In especially neglected cases, it hangs during Windows startup or even before it starts. Often spontaneously reboots and turns off. The CPU cooler and other fans tend to make a loud howl, and hot air is blown out of the case vents if they are not completely clogged with dust.
There are situations when you need to quickly check the efficiency of heat dissipation from the processor, for example, if you are overclocking the system or diagnosing someone else's computer. This can be done with any CPU stress test program that displays real-time temperature graphs. It takes 5-10 minutes to complete the test. At this time, you should observe the growth line of indicators, the numerical values are secondary here.
The gently rising curve of the CPU temperature indicates that the cooling system is doing its job effectively. And if the line almost immediately rushes up, the processor is not cooled enough.
An example of such a test in the AIDA64 program running on Windows 10 is shown in the screenshot below.
In this graph, we see completely normal indicators. At 100% load, the laptop CPU warmed up from 55 ° C to 70-72 ° C, and the temperature rise line is almost horizontal. By the way, the "T junction" of this processor is 100 ° C, which means that it has about 30 degrees to spare.
How to improve cpu cooling
CPU temperatures rising above normal are the result of two reasons: increased heat dissipation or reduced cooling efficiency. Heat dissipation increases as a result of overclocking or replacing the “stone” with a more efficient one, and the cooling system ceases to perform its functions due to contamination or breakdown.
How to deal with dust pollution of a computer, I think, is understandable. In short, for prevention, it is enough to blow the cooling system out of a can of compressed air (sold in office equipment stores) once every 2-3 months (more often, depending on the circumstances).
In advanced cases, large accumulations of dust are removed with a vacuum cleaner, after which the cooler is dismantled and fresh thermal paste is applied to the processor.
Many owners cope with cleaning system units on their own. The most difficult thing here is to correctly remove and install the cooler without damaging anything. Things are different with laptops: some models are easy to clean - to access the cooling system, just unscrew a few screws and remove the cover, others are difficult, because they have to be disassembled almost completely.
If your desktop PC's processor is overheating due to the fact that the cooling system does not pull it, you will most likely have to replace it with a more powerful one.
Choosing the right cooler
Which cooler can effectively cool your processor will be suggested by the same documents where we looked at the maximum allowable temperature. Namely - the specifications on the manufacturer's website. This time we are interested in the following 2 parameters:
- Thermal power (design power or TDP).
- Socket type (processor socket configuration).
Here is an example of these settings for the Intel® Core™ i5-7400:
And here is for AMD Ryzen™ 5 1600:
So, in order for a new cooler to be able to lower the CPU temperature to acceptable values, its TDP - heat dissipation capacity, measured in Watts, must be at least as large as the TDP of the processor. More is possible. Also, the cooler must support the socket configuration, otherwise you will not be able to install it on the board.
Another important characteristic that you should always look at when choosing a cooler is the dimensions. Too large may not fit in the system unit or cover 1-2 RAM slots on the motherboard. The remaining parameters are of secondary importance.
Let's try, for example, to select a cooler for the Intel Core i5-7400 on the Yandex Market. If you do not take into account the dimensions, any model with a TDP of 65 W and support for the LGA 1151 socket will suit us.
Let's enter these parameters into the search system and get a list:
- Cooler Master DP6-8E5SB-PL-GP.
- Thermalright Macho Rev.B.
- Zalman CNPS9900DF.
- Deepcool NEPTWIN V2.
- Noctua NH-U14S etc.
Prices, as you can see, range from 420 to more than five thousand rubles. Of course, powerful gaming coolers capable of cooling irons were also included in the sample, but for our not too hot CPU, serious expenses are not justified. The model will cope with its cooling for 450-800 rubles. The rest is a matter of taste.
Q&A No. 99
Added: 01/04/2014
Often, the performance of most modern laptops is not inferior to a powerful desktop PC, while the laptop is cooled by a single, not the largest fan. As a result, there is an increase in temperature, and in especially serious cases - overheating of the laptop.
Most often, laptops overheat due to a violation of the power supply system (an outdated BIOS version or incorrectly installed drivers), due to clogging of the cooling system with dust, poor ventilation, and a thick layer of thermal paste.
There are several ways to lower the laptop temperature:
- setting the power saving mode;
- using a cooling pad;
- providing an elevated position for the back of the laptop;
- cleaning the cooling system of the device from dust;
- thermal paste replacement.
Let's consider each of them in more detail.
Setting the power saving mode
The most common concern about power saving mode is to extend the life of the laptop from the battery. And since all the energy that the computer consumes is converted into heat as a result, its economical use at the same time entails a reduction in heating. As a rule, in most modern laptops, processor modes are provided for low power consumption. Turning off the display during the "inactive" period, instead of a useless screensaver, will also reduce the heating. Don't forget to check the amount of CPU resources consumed by programs that are running in the background. For example, flash banners scrolling through multiple web browser tabs can significantly increase CPU usage.
Elevated position of the back of the laptop
The air that cools the laptop is sucked in through the keyboard and holes in the bottom. By lifting the rear end of the device, you will increase the gap between the table and the laptop. That is, air circulation will improve, it will become colder and will be sucked in in greater quantities, due to a decrease in resistance to its movement. As a result, the temperature "drops" by about ten degrees.
You can raise the back end as you like: by placing a book, a DVD box, etc. Of course, you should not put a working laptop on a soft, fleecy surface (sofa, pillow, blanket).
Cooling pad application
Perhaps this is the easiest and most effective way to reduce the temperature of a laptop - you just need to purchase a stand with powerful fans and attach it to your laptop. With the help of stand coolers, air is blown directly under the laptop and enters the device through holes in the bottom. As a result, the temperature drops by about fifteen degrees.
Cleaning the cooling system
This operation is best done in a service center, but you can handle it yourself. If everything is done carefully (preserving the integrity of the seals), then the warranty conditions will not be violated. You need to remove the bottom cover of the device, disassemble the cooling system, very carefully vacuum the fan and clean it with a brush.
Replacing thermal paste
Thermal paste is used to ensure efficient heat transfer from the processor case (the main "heater" in the laptop) to the heatsink that is mounted on it. The procedure for replacing thermal paste is the most difficult method for cooling a laptop, so it is better to use the services of a service center for its implementation.
If you use your computer for a long time without opening the case, dust will inevitably accumulate there. Dust particles can settle on the processor heatsink, thus making it difficult for normal airflow. Due to the obstructed outflow of air, the processor may overheat. To prevent this from happening, you need to turn off the computer, disconnect all cables from it and open the side cover of the case. Using a paint brush (the best tool), gently remove the dust from the CPU heatsink.
CPU fan failure
A fairly common cause of overheating of the heart of the computer. To check the cooler, turn on the computer with the side cover open. Watch how the processor is. If it stops, periodically speeds up or slows down, then it is possible that the processor is overheating precisely because of a faulty cooler.
Low fan speed
Modern motherboards are able to programmatically underestimate . In order to fix this, enter the BIOS of the computer, find this setting and set the value that is adequate for you.
High temperature outside
The computer is able to react very sensitively to the environment. Try to put the system unit away from the window. Keep it away from any heating devices.
thermal paste
Thermal paste is designed to reduce the heat of the processor. Too much or too little of it can cause the processor to overheat. Over time, thermal paste may lose its properties. Because of this, the processor may start to overheat. If you think that this is the problem, just remove the side cover of the system unit and the processor heatsink; remove the rest of the thermal paste from the processor and reapply it.
