Control keys
Control keys are used to perform additional actions (shaded in gray in Figure 2.22): control the computer, change the actions of other keys, switch keyboard modes, etc.
The main control keys are:
Enter("_1, Enter key) - used to confirm the user's choice. This key terminates a command and causes it to be executed;
Esc (sometimes called "key") - sometimes used to undo the last action performed. With this key, you can close the menu without selecting any item in it;
Tab - to move the input cursor to the next predefined position;
Caps Lock - used to turn the caps mode on and off. When the Caps Lock light is on, it indicates that the caps mode is on;
Ctrl, Shift, AH (left and right) - used to change the action of other keys. For example, the Shift key is used to get an uppercase letter when the lowercase mode is on. These keys are located to the left and right of the alphanumeric keys.
Cursor keys
Cursor keys are used to influence the input cursor (for example, when working with text). Such influences include the following: moving the cursor, moving the cursor with deleting a character, and others.
The cursor keys are located to the right of the alphanumeric keys and on the additional keyboard (used when the Num Lock indicator light is off).
The main cursor keys are:
1) arrow keys (< >T h1) - move the input cursor in the specified direction by one position. With these keys you can navigate through the menu items (selecting a menu item is completed by pressing the Enter key).
Home, End - move the input cursor to the beginning or end of the line;
Page Up and Page Down - allow you to scroll the document up and down;
4) + (Backspace, BS) - used to delete the character to the left of the cursor. The cursor moves to the left by one position. The key is designed to correct errors that occur when typing;
Insert (Ins) - switches the insertion and replacement modes;
Delete (Del) - used to delete the character to the right of the cursor. In this case, the cursor remains in place. The key is also designed to correct errors that occur when typing.
In combination with the control keys, the action of some cursor movement keys is enhanced. For instance:
Ctrl+Home (Ctrl+End) - moves the input cursor to the beginning (end) of the document;
OrbK moves the input cursor to the previous word.
Numeric Keys
The keys of the optional numeric keypad are used:
key Num Lock - to switch modes of the numeric keypad. In this case, the light indicator Num bosk switches;
keys with numbers and signs of arithmetic operations (when the Num Lock indicator is on) - for entering the corresponding numbers and signs of arithmetic operations;
number keys (when the Num Lock indicator is off) - duplicate the actions of some cursor keys;
Enter key - duplicates the action of the Enter control key.
Function keys
Function keys F1, F2 ,…, F12 perform actions (functions) assigned to them in the application program. For example, F1 - access to help information, F2 - saving a document, etc. The actions of these keys are determined by the program developers and may vary depending on the program. Therefore, before pressing these keys, you should clarify their function.
Questions and tasks:
1. What is the keyboard used for when working with a computer?
List the groups into which the keyboard can be divided according to the purpose of the keys?
Briefly describe each group of keys (by purpose) of the keyboard.
What are the alphanumeric keyboard keys used for? Give examples.
5. What are keyboard control keys used for? List these keys and show on the keyboard.
6. Show the cursor keys on the keyboard. What are these keys used for?
7. What are the numeric keys used for when the Num Lock indicator is off?
What are function keys used for? Who distributes the functions of these keys: the program developer or the program user?
For each of the keys listed below, write down the group to which this key belongs:
a) letter D c) Ctrl, e) symbol +
b) T d) space e) Enter
The keyboard is the main computer control tool. Its development is a priority for any user. And having mastered the purpose of special keys and their combinations, you will be able to speed up and facilitate your work.
The main blocks of keyboard keys
A typical keyboard consists of 5 blocks of keys:
- Symbolic (with the image of letters of the Russian and English alphabets, numbers and punctuation marks). To type characters instead of numbers, press and hold the Shift key.
- Additional block of numeric keys (on the right side of the keyboard). The Num Lock button is also located here, which turns this block on and off.
- Special keys:
- Caps Lock - Changes the keyboard case (uppercase to lowercase). By default, most computers are configured to print in lowercase letters, after pressing the Caps Lock button once, capital letters are printed;
- Enter - usually used to move the blinking cursor one line below;
- Tab - indents, "red" line;
- Alt, Ctrl - expand the capabilities of the keyboard, when pressed simultaneously with other characters, they give specific commands to the computer.
- Cursor keys in graphic and text editors with arrows that move the cursor up, down, left, right. Also buttons:
- Insert - allows you to activate the mode of inserting/replacing text on the page;
- Delete - deletes the character to the right of the text cursor or the selected text;
- Backspace - deletes the character before the cursor;
- Home - move the blinking cursor to the beginning of the text/paragraph;
- End - move the cursor to the end of the page;
- Page up - page up;
- Page Down - page down.
- In addition, there are other keys:
- Esc - closes some programs (browser windows, computer games, and others);
- long empty button - space;
- Print Screen - takes a "photo" of the screen, saves it to the clipboard.
- Function keys (the top row, signed with the Latin F and numbers from 1 to 12) - together with the previous block, allow you to use the keyboard without a mouse.
- F1 - call Windows help;
- F2 - editing the selected object (renaming files, folders);
- F3 - search activation. Calls up a search box in the system or enables text search in the browser;
- F4 - activates the address bar in Windows Explorer and opens the address bar history in Internet Explorer;
- F5 - executes the "update" command, for example, a page on the Internet or the operation of the system;
- F6 - transfers the blinking cursor to the address bar of browsers or is used in computer games to save the achieved level;
- F7 - F9 - do not have standard functions, their purpose varies depending on applications. In games, F9 usually causes the F6 quicksave to load;
- F10 - call the program menu;
- F11 - switches windowed mode to full screen and vice versa, this is convenient, for example, when watching movies;
- F12 - in the text editor Microsoft Word allows you to save the current document.
In general, when getting acquainted with any application, it makes sense to figure out what functions the function keys perform. This can help you make your work easier and faster.
"Hotkeys
Simultaneous pressing of some keys allows the computer to quickly execute even more commands. Such keyboard shortcuts are called "hot keys". The most common ones are:
- Alt+Shift - switch keyboard layout (changes input language);
- Alt+F4 - close the current window;
- Alt + Ctrl + Del - opens the "Task Manager";
- Ctrl+A - executes the "select all" command;
- Ctrl+X - cut to clipboard;
- Ctrl+C - copy to clipboard;
- Ctrl+V - paste from clipboard;
- Ctrl+P - document printing;
- Ctrl+S - save the current document.
Features of working with a laptop keyboard
Those who had to work on a laptop keyboard must have noticed that some of the symbols and pictograms differ in color or are framed. Also highlighted is the Fn button on the bottom row to the left of the space bar. When you press Fn and keys of the same color at the same time, special tasks are performed.
Thus, you can change the sound volume and screen backlight, turn on / off the touchpad (touchpad), put the laptop into sleep mode and perform other actions. Which keys are responsible for a particular function depends on the laptop model and manufacturer, this information can be found in the accompanying documents for the computer or by deciphering the icons.
One of the most important hardware components in a computer is the keyboard. There is a large selection of models and design proposals. There are also quite unusual products. But, despite the many proposals of designers, the purpose and functions of the keys are made according to the same principle.
Modern computer keyboards have 101 buttons (sometimes there can be 102). All of them are divided into groups and are function keys, numeric, alphabetic, control, service. There are also modifiers.
What is the purpose of the keys in each type of keyboard?
What are function keys?
There are 12 of them in total. They have been used in a computer keyboard for a very long time. And their description and purpose can be seen in many information technology textbooks that were published even before the invention of computers in its present form. As a rule, the function keys are located at the top of the keyboard and are arranged in one row. What are their features? To a greater extent, the purpose of these keys is due to traditional software and not at all rigid standards.
There are generally accepted principles where the buttons of this group are associated with certain actions. Even here, however, there are exceptions. And individual manufacturers assign function keys to the assignment that they consider more correct. You can consider options where you will need to press the function buttons when you work in Windows. Let it be the 7th version. Then the F1 key is responsible for the OS help system. Many programs that run on Windows also activate help using the F1 key. As for the F2 key, its purpose is to rename folders and files in Windows.
When working with some file managers, a similar function is assigned to it. The F3 key in a Windows program is responsible for a separate folder, search engine - OS or a similar interface that most programs have. For example, if the text is open in the editor, then by pressing F3, it is possible to find the desired word or phrases. The F4 button in the Windows system was endowed with two functions. By pressing this key, you can go to the address bar in the OS manager or display the history. By pressing the F5 key, it is possible to update the display of objects in the folder on the desktop or in the browser window. The F6 button has a certain similarity with F4.
With its help, you can translate the text cursor into the address bar in the built-in Windows file manager. But it doesn't show history. If you take the keys F7 - F9 and F12 on the keyboard in the Windows system, then their purpose is not strictly defined. Here everything will be subject to the specific application in which you are working. Here, you can use a specialized program to assign keys. The F10 button in the program interface is used if you need to get to the menu item located on the far left.
For example, you have a page open in a Word window. If you press F10, you can get to the File menu. Using the F11 button, it is possible to make a quick transition to full screen mode or do it vice versa.
To the control keys K, usually mean keys - arrows - left, right, down and up. They are used to perform actions to move objects on the screen, control characters in various games, and other actions. Among other things, they are used to position the cursor in the text.
The central place in the keyboard space is occupied by letter keys. Usually there are 47 such buttons and the largest number of them. As a rule, in the English keyboard, alphabetic characters are indicated in their pure form. This means that on the keys, apart from them, nothing is shown. As for the Russian keyboard, the simultaneous use of some alphabetic keys is allowed here to make them "carriers" of punctuation marks. If they are not combined with other modifiers, then the main letters will be displayed. If you make a certain combination, punctuation marks will be introduced. In addition, sometimes, using the letter keys, you can control an object on the screen, if it is provided by a computer game or directly by a program. Then the letter keys will be "control".
Depending on the keyboard model, the numeric buttons may be on top of the alphabetic characters or be supplemented by keys on the right side of it. This usually happens on laptops and program computers, on "big" keyboards where they don't fit. Often these keys are used in calculations. There are also auxiliary buttons with which you can perform division, multiplication, addition, subtraction. There is an Enter key.
There are keys on the keyboard - modifiers that are able, with the help of alphabetic, function or number buttons, to change the input commands when pressed simultaneously. These include ALT, CTRL, SHIFT. The modifier also includes the INSERT, CAPS LOCK, NUM LOCK, SCROLL LOCK keys. Some of these four keys are allocated to a separate group and are called "mode" buttons. To better understand their action, you can give some examples where these keys are used. On a computer, the keyboard is designed so that data can be entered using only single button presses and their combinations. Thanks to this feature, the functions of most "modifiers" are performed. Often, users combine buttons with the ALT key.
For example, by pressing a combination of TAB and ALT, you can switch windows of different programs. With a combination of ALT and F4. You can close the active application. Popular on the keyboard, there are also keyboard shortcuts with CTRL. For example, if you press the "C" button with this key, you can make a copy of an object or copy a data area - a folder, file, picture, text, and so on to the clipboard. By pressing CTRL + V, you can instantly paste a "copy". If "X" is substituted for "C", then the selected data will be "cut" from the original place, and after using CTRL + V, they will move to a new one. SHIFT is the most commonly used modifier button. Thanks to her, many users type in capital letters in the text.
Buttons - modifiers, some experts call hot keys. After all, with their help, you can quickly perform a specific action, which would take more time if you use the mouse. The above are examples that can be used using hotkeys. This is copying text with a combination of CTRL, X, C and V, when the work is faster than using the context menu with the mouse. Quite often they combine "modifiers" with each other. For example, you have enabled the "Russian" keyboard on your computer. You can change the layout to "English" by pressing the ALT and SHIFT buttons on the keyboard at the same time. Or if you do the combination the other way around.
There are quite a few service keys on the keyboard. These include PAGE UP, ESC, PRTSC, PAGE DOWN, PAUSE, DEL, HOME, BACKSPACE, WIN, END, TAB, ENTER. Very often, the consumer uses the SPACE button, which means a space. There is an opinion that “modifiers” and control keys are considered “utility”, since it would be more expedient to classify buttons differently. However, at the same time, there are no uniform standards here.
Among the most popular keys is SPACE, which makes a space when typing.
By combining this key with INSERT, this key will erase the typed letters. The second most popular is - ENTER, which has many functions. Moreover, it will be difficult to single out the main one. This is a group of key ones: launching the program, opening a folder, file and translating this text to a new line. Keyboards with separate number buttons on the right side usually have an ENTER key. Quite often, the ESC button is used, which cancels various actions. For example, the user has opened an image viewer. You can close it by pressing ESC. This is only possible if the corresponding key association is set in the application. There are times when when you press ESC , no action occurs and the program does not respond to them.
Many do not know the use of the PRTSC key. Use it to take screenshots. In other words, graphic snapshots at a given point in time. If you want to save an image in a separate file, you need to run a specific program to process pictures. It could be Photoshop or Paint. Then place (whatever you want) in the editable area. An option could be a combination of CTRL and V. Then leave a convenient format in the file.
The keyboard also provided for keys that we rarely use. However, they are also necessary and belong to the category of service buttons. These are the PAUSE and SCROLL LOCK keys.
With the help of the second button, we can change the mode of the control arrows. For example, pressing the "left" or "right" buttons in the corresponding direction will move the active window. If you have a process or program running on your computer that has a pause feature, the PAUSE key may come in handy. For example, before the Windows program was loaded, various system information was displayed on the screen, which is of interest to the user, but he does not have time to familiarize himself with it due to fast switching. By pressing the PAUSE button, you can “slow down” the process. All this is possible if the programming interface allows it. Its algorithms are initially laid down by the manufacturer of the motherboard or the computer itself. To continue the program, as a rule, you need to press any key on the keyboard.
Every year, everything in the world is improved and modernized. This also applies to the computer keyboard. The description and purpose of the keys may change over time. However, in the technological revolution, this is not the only aspect. New keys are added, which then become generally accepted standards. Among the new buttons can be called - WIN and "menu". On keyboards, they, as a rule, are indicated by drawings. The WIN button looks like a Microsoft branded flag. The context menu key is drawn with a mouse arrow. Today, any modern computer keyboard adapted for Windows contains the WIN key. It is believed that the appearance of these two buttons led to the release of the Windows system to the world market.
In principle, the WIN key is considered a "hot" key, since many actions are carried out with it, both in combination with other keys, and when quickly performing various actions carried out with the mouse. It must be said that when the WIN button is pressed separately, the Start menu opens.
What can be "hot" combinations when using WIN.
By pressing WIN+D, you can minimize or maximize open windows in applications. If the user needs to quickly launch a program, they use the WIN and R keys together. By combining the WIN and PAUSE buttons, you can open the My Computer page. What is the use of the Menu key? The principle of its operation is the same as when you press the right mouse button when the cursor is hovering over a folder or file. In other words, with this button you can open a context menu that consists of different options. For many users, this feature is more convenient to use, just using the keyboard.
As noted above, the assignment of keys is a set of rules that are dictated by tradition. But software and computer manufacturers are reluctant to experiment with key associations. After all, many users are already accustomed to the keyboard used, the description of its functions and the purpose of the keys. And they might just not like an unusual keyboard.
Most PC owners prefer the familiar "hot" service or function buttons that they use in most applications. The patterns that relate to the assignment of various keys and which were outlined above are suitable, basically, for all keyboard models. Software vendors, in turn, try to associate applications in algorithms that are more familiar to the market.
Other operating systems (such as Linux) that are different from Windows have similar key behavior to the above. Many competing operating systems originally targeted at Windows have the same key assignments that display the same features as the Microsoft system. This also applies to the WIN key, which is typical for Windows. In some cases in other operating systems, its functions are similar to the original spectrum of assignments. The same can be said about the "modifiers" of the computer keyboard. Using the combination of SHIFT and ALT, not only in Windows, the layout changes between languages.
And what is needed for? You already know. Now we need to talk about the purpose of the keyboard keys. After all, the keyboard, figuratively speaking, is an intermediary between you and the computer, a tool for interacting with a smart assistant. By pressing the keys, you send commands to the computer to be executed.
Hence the conclusion: when you know the purpose and key combinations, working on a computer becomes easier and more enjoyable.
Key assignment:
— service key stops or undoes the last action. For example, if a web page takes a long time to load, you can press ESC to stop the download.
F1—F12. reserved for specialized functions in programs. Therefore, the execution of the function in different programs may differ. For example, the F5 key in the Microsoft Word text editor performs the Find and Replace function, and in the Total Commander file manager, the same key performs the Copy function. But we can say with certainty that the key F1 opens file in all programs reference.
Tab used to create indents ( Red line) in word processing programs. Also, if you are filling out tables or forms, you can use the Tab key to move to the next field.
- performs the function of changing the case (CAPITAL LETTERS). When you press this key, the indicator above the numeric keypad lights up, further typing will be done in capital letters. Pressing this key again will disable the mode. Capital letters”, the indicator above the numeric keypad goes off.
Shift- function keys are used in conjunction with other keys. As you can see, the keyboard has two shift keys, left and right. The purpose of these keys is exactly the same, and their location on the keyboard is due to the convenience of typing. blind printing method.
Now I will explain, say, when you are typing text and you need to put an exclamation mark, it is most convenient to hold the shift key with the little finger of your right hand, and press the 1 key with the little finger of your left hand. The shift key is also involved in many key combinations, for example, entering a capital letter, punctuation mark, execution of specialized functions of the program, and so on.
Control (Ctrl), Alternate (Alt) Control keys are designed to work in combination with other keys. Typically, you hold down the Ctrl key, Alt key, and then press another key to perform a specific task. For example, in many programs, the combination ctrl+s- save the file.
The main part of the keyboard includes alphanumeric key set (letters and numbers) and space.
Enter- confirmation of the action. For example, while on the internet, you can enter a website address and then press the Enter key to go to the website. It is also used to start a new line in text editors. Enter on the numeric keypad has the same purpose and is often used when performing mathematical calculations, say in a calculator application to get a result.
- in a text editor, erases the characters to the left of the cursor. And in the browser allows you to return to the previous page.
Delete(Del) in a text editor, erases the characters to the right of the cursor. Performs the delete function in file managers.
— enable/disable the "insert-replace" mode. The key is practically not used, but it can play a cruel joke. If you accidentally press this key while working in a text editor, you will switch it from "insert" mode to "override" mode. After that, if you make a mistake in a word, you will want to correct it. After correcting the error, you will find that the character to the right of the cursor has disappeared! You will try to enter it again, but the next character to the right of the cursor will disappear. So it will be until you press the insert key again. Not knowing about this key, some people, due to one typo, retyped the entire remaining text.
Cursor keys
home- moves the cursor to the beginning of the current line.
end- Moves the cursor to the end of the current line.
Page Up/Page Down- paginate the document up or down.
The arrow keys are used for many different purposes, including cursor movement, document scrolling, or control in the game.
Auxiliary keys
Print Screen takes a screenshot - the so-called "screenshot", which can be edited or saved using a graphics processing program (graphic editor).
scroll lock vertical scrolling, rarely used today.
Pause/Break performs a pause function, often used in combination with the Win key.
Win- serves to call the Start menu, and is also used in combination with other keys to call functions of the Windows operating system.
The key calls up the context menu (equivalent to pressing the right mouse button).
Enables/disables the numeric keypad. After turning on, the indicator lights up. When the numeric keypad is disabled, the keys perform the functions of the keys labeled on them.
Keyboard shortcuts
A key combination is when you hold down one or two keys and briefly press a third. For example, Ctrl+S, where the plus indicates a key combination. That is, you press and hold the Ctrl key, and then briefly press the S key. The plus sign in this entry is used to indicate a key combination and is not pressed in its execution.
When working with files and documents:
Ctrl+N– create a new file;
Ctrl+O- open a document;
Ctrl+A- select all;
Shift+Home– select the line to the left of the cursor;
ctrl+end– select the line to the right of the cursor;
ctrl+c– copy the selected text or file to the clipboard;
Ctrl+X - cut the selected text or file;
ctrl+v– paste the contents of the clipboard;
Ctrl+Del– delete the word behind the cursor;
Ctrl+Backspace– delete the word before the cursor;
ctrl+home– move the cursor to the beginning of the document;
ctrl+end– move the cursor to the end of the document;
ctrl+z– undo the last action;
ctrl+p- seal;
When using a browser:
ctrl+D- add a bookmark in the browser;
Ctrl+Shift+T- open a closed tab in the browser;
ctrl+t- open a new tab;
Ctrl+L- select the contents of the address bar;
When running on Windows:
Ctrl + Shift + Esc– terminate hung processes;
Shift+Ctrl+Alt- call the task manager;
Alt+Tab– quick transition between program windows;
Alt+F4- quickly close the window;
Alt + PrintScreen- take a screenshot of the active window;
Win+Pause/Break is a property of the system;
Win+E- open the explorer;
win+D- minimize all windows;
Win+F- search for files on the computer;
win+L– user change;
Win+F1- reference;
Win+Tab– switches windows in a circle.
And there are many such key combinations, and in different programs these combinations often differ from each other, but you will easily remember them if you often work with a software product.
It implies naturally excellent command of the keyboard. Many features that greatly speed up the execution of any work.
F1 - Call "Help" Windows. When pressed from the window of any program, calls the help of this program.
F2 - Rename the selected object on the desktop or in Explorer.
F3 - Open a file or folder search window (on the desktop and in Explorer).
F4 - Open a drop-down list (for example, the list of the address bar in the "My Computer" window or in File Explorer).
F5 - Refresh the active window (open web page, desktop, explorer).
F6 - Switch between screen elements in a window or on the desktop. In File Explorer and Internet Explorer, move between the body of the window and the address bar.
F7 - Spell check (in Word, Excel).
F8 - When loading the OS - select the boot mode. Enable rich text selection in Word. Selection of a fragment from the initial to the final position of the cursor occurs without holding down the Shift key. A second press of the F8 key selects the word closest to the cursor. The third is the sentence containing it. Fourth paragraph. Fifth is a document. The easiest way to remove the last selection is to press the Shift+F8 key combination. You can disable the mode with the Esc key.
F9 - In some programs, update the selected fields.
F10 - Call the window menu.
F11 - Switch to full screen mode and back (for example, in Internet Explorer).
F12 - Go to the selection of file saving options (File - Save As).
Esc - cancel the last command entered, exit the window menu (remove focus) or close an open dialog.
Tab - Enter tab stops when typing. Move focus through elements. For example, moving between the desktop, the Start button, the Quick Launch bar, the taskbar, and the system tray. Moving through the elements (including links) of an open document. Alt+Tab - switch between windows.
Shift - uppercase key (non-fixed switching). Used simultaneously with other keys to type capital letters, as well as uppercase characters.
The Ctrl+Shift or Alt+Shift shortcuts are commonly used to switch keyboard layouts.
Capslock - upper case (fixed switching). Used when typing in CAPITAL letters. Pressing the key again cancels this mode.
Alt - used in conjunction with other keys, modifying their action.
For example, Alt+letter - call a menu command or open a menu column. The corresponding letters in the menu are usually underlined (either initially or become underlined after pressing Alt). If the menu column is already open, then to call a specific command, you can press the key with the letter that is underlined in this command. The same applies to the open context menu.
Ctrl - used in combination with other keys. For example, Ctrl+C to copy, Ctrl+V to paste, Ctrl+Alt+Del to open Windows Task Manager.
Win("start") - Opens the start menu.
AppsKey - call the context menu for the selected object (equivalent to clicking the right mouse button).
Enter - Confirmation of the choice. Same as double clicking on an object. Pressing the currently active button in the dialog. Often - clicking on the "default" button in the dialog. When entering commands from the keyboard - completion of command entry and transition to its execution. When typing, jump to a new paragraph.
Backspace - View the folder one level up in the My Computer window or in a Windows Explorer window. In text editing mode, delete the character to the left of the input cursor).
Delete - Delete the selected object, selected text fragment or character to the right of the input cursor.
Up, Down, Right, and Left Arrows - Move through the menu items. Move the input cursor to the corresponding side by one position. The action of these keys in many programs can be modified using utility keys, primarily SHIFT and CTRL.
Home - moves the cursor to the beginning of the current line of the document or to the beginning of the list of files.
End - moves the cursor to the end of the current line of the document or to the end of the list of files.
PageUp/PageDown - moves the cursor one page up or down. The concept of "page" usually refers to a fragment of the document, visible on the screen. Used to "scroll" the content in the current window.
Insert - Switch between insert and replace modes when editing text. If the text cursor is inside the existing text, then in the insert mode, new characters are entered without replacing existing characters (the text seems to be moved apart). In replace mode, new characters replace the text that was previously in the input position.
PrtScn (print screen) - Takes a screenshot and places it on the clipboard. Alt+PrtScn - copy a screenshot of the currently active window (application) to the clipboard.
ScrLk (Scroll Lock) - refers to the service keys. Its short decoding is scroll blocking. Designed for such a mode of displaying on the screen, in which pressing the cursor keys leads to a shift not of the cursor as such, but of the entire contents of the screen. Now this key is used for this purpose very rarely, but, for example, it works in Excel. This is very handy when editing large tables.
Pause / Break - pauses the computer (in DOS it worked everywhere, in modern OSes - only during computer boot).
Numlock - Changes the numeric keypad mode. When enabled, it puts the digital block into the numeric input mode; when disabled, the additional keyboard can be used to control the cursor.
Additional numeric keypad.
These keys are very popular with bank employees with nimble fingers and anyone who has to dial a lot of numbers. The numeric keypad resembles a calculator and is located on the right side of the keyboard. (However, for it to work, you need to press the Num Lock key. If you don't, you'll be dealing with the cursor keys.)
When Num Lock is off, the keys on the optional numeric keypad will work as cursor keys. They show small arrows showing the direction of the cursor movement on the screen. (The key with the number 5, which the arrow did not get, does nothing, but only fights with low self-esteem.) In addition, the keys with the words "Home", "End", "PgUp" and "PgDn" control the cursor.
