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A second-level domain is a unique website address located in a specific domain zone (.ru, .kz, .edu, and so on).
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In the site name google.com, "google" will be the second-level domain, but.com will be. The level represents the position in the hierarchy of all existing domain names in the global network.
To understand what a second-level domain name is, let's look at a simple real-life example. Let's imagine that the site is a living person, like me or you. When we get to know each other, I say - Philip (first name), Kirkorov (last name), and the site would say yandex.ru, where yandex is a second-level domain, .ru is a first-level domain. Roughly speaking, our surname is our first-level domain, it shows that we belong to a certain family, but the name shows that we are unique within this family.
Differences from domains of other levels
There are four levels. First-level domains are also called domain zones, they cannot be bought, they are provided by a specialized organization - ICANN. Zones are subdivided into geographic and administrative zones.
- Geographic shows the site belongs to a certain region: .de - Germany, .fr - France, .jp - Japan, and so on.
- Administrative designates the type of resource focus, field of activity: .info - informational, .travel - for travel, .mil - military, and so on.
However, this classification is rather arbitrary, you can register a site with the .de zone even in Russia.
Now let's look at what a second-level domain means. The second-level domain name must be registered within the above-described zones, it is separated by a period. If you don't know how to make a second level domain, don't worry. You need to come up with a unique name, choose a zone and buy it. When you purchase, you get a year of ownership of the site name, then you need to renew the validity period.
Domains of the third level are located within the second. As a rule, such addresses are free, they look like this: name. second level name. (vrn.site.ru).
The fourth level is even less common. Here everything is the same as with the previous one, but their address is ultimately longer (sale.vrn.site.ru).
Examples of second-level domains
The case is not important when writing. If you write yandex.ru or yandex.Ru, you will be taken to the same resource. This means that you cannot register an address that already exists by changing the letters to uppercase. But if the address yandex.ru exists, you can register yandex.kz, since it will already belong to another domain zone.
In this example ,.ru and.kz are the first level, and yandex is the second level.
If we see m.yandex.kz - this is already the third level. Moreover, m. will be a subdomain, it usually means that this version of the Internet resource is mobile.
Domain names can be short or long, there is no significant difference. However, for the convenience of users, it is better to keep them simple. Simple names are easier to remember. Subdomains (third level and fourth level) are best used for creating personal sites that are not aimed at high traffic, or for forums and auxiliary site resources.
We continue to master the concept of domains. Today we will consider a topic that is important enough for a novice webmaster from a practical point of view. However, as usual, nothing complicated. Just read the article carefully.
What are the different levels of domain names?
Domains, depending on their place in the network, are divided into levels or, in other words, domain zones.
First comes the ROOT DOMAIN - as we already know, the most important domain name level.
Then go
Top level domains.
Such as .RU, .NET, .COM, .BIZ, .ORG and others.
This domain zone includes INTERNATIONAL DOMAINS, or GENERAL TOP-LEVEL DOMAINS. The most famous of them are .COM, .ORG, .NET. If interested, read about it in additional materials.
Also, the top-level domain zone includes two-letter ones provided for use for a specific country.
For example, domain.RU is dedicated to the Russian Federation, domain.DE is dedicated to Germany, and so on.
Note that top level domains are not for sale. They are already assigned and assigned.
Second level domains.
This is the unique part of the domain name that immediately precedes the top-level domain and is separated from it by a period. The uniqueness of a second-level domain is determined by the fact that there cannot be two identical second-level domains. When registering, a name is selected and if it is already taken, you will be refused registration.
Note. Domains site and vseohostinge.com are not the same, as they belong to different domain zones .ru and .com
Second-level domains are exactly the domains that are being sold. But we'll talk about this in another article.
Domains of the third level, they are also subdomains or subdomains.
Third-level domains are any domain name within a second-level domain. For example: test.site In this example, test is the third-level domain.
A third-level domain is a fairly popular thing in our country. For owners of second-level domains hosted on paid hosting, this is the ability to host as many subdomains as you want for free within the redeemed disk space, of course.
For lovers of free hosting, there are many services where you can get this hosting. But the address will be in the third-level domain.
LET'S SUMMARY:
So, let's fix that domains are subdivided into domain name levels in accordance with the hierarchy of domain zones. In practice: in articles, on the websites of hosting companies, we will most likely encounter
TOP-LEVEL DOMAINS, such as, for example: .RU .COM .РФ and many others ;
DOMAINS OF THE SECOND LEVEL, such as, for example, domains of the form DOMAIN.RU or DOMAIN.COM or DOMEN.RF;
DOMAINS OF THE THIRD LEVEL (SUBDOMAINS), such as, for example, domains of the form SUBDOMAIN.DOMAIN.RU or SUBDOMAIN.DOMAIN.COM or SUBDOMAIN.DOMEN.RF .
TOP-LEVEL DOMAINS are not for sale, they are already allocated and committed. But from among them, you can choose the appropriate zone when registering a domain.
SECOND LEVEL DOMAINS need to be registered and purchased. You need to come up with a second-level domain yourself, provided that the exact same one is not already registered by another person.
LEVEL THIRD DOMAINS are overwhelmingly free. But, we can say shareware. As a rule, where serious business begins, there is always something to pay for. In addition, third-level domains are not registered for specific people, that is, you are not the full owner of such a domain. However, today is not about that. Hopefully now you don't get confused about the domain name levels.
second-level domain (SLD)) - a part of a domain name, separated by a dot from the immediately following first-level domain. For example, in the domain name wikipedia.org, the wikipedia particle is a second-level domain.Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.
See what a "second level domain name" is in other dictionaries:
Domain name is a symbolic name used to identify areas of administrative autonomy units on the Internet as part of such a higher hierarchy. Each of these areas is called a domain. Common space ... ... Wikipedia
Domain is the domain (branch) of the hierarchical space of domain names on the Internet, which is designated by a unique domain name. Domain name is the symbolic name of the domain. Must be unique within the same domain. The full domain name consists of names ... Wikipedia
There is a list of top-level domains. Basic information is given in the article Top Level Domain (TLD). The official list of all top-level domains is maintained by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA). Contents 1 General ... ... Wikipedia
The root domain of the Internet (sometimes called a zero-level domain) is maintained by root domain name servers located in various countries around the world. In the system Every Internet application must ... ... Wikipedia
Introduction 1992 Domain type ccTLD Status active Registrar List of accredited registrars ... Wikipedia
CSIRO headquarters in Canberra Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO) Austria Wikipedia
Let's first understand the concept: What is a third-level domain?
Third level domain or subdomain, subdomain (they are all the same)- is formed in the same way as the second-level domain, but is one step lower. This is a third-level alternate domain name in the main second-level domain. Formed from the main second-level domain by adding one more level to the main domain. Looks like: http://other.site.ru i.e. to the main domain of the second level, one more level is added after a dot on the left side.
Domains of subsequent levels are created in the same way: some.other.domain.ru - domain of the fourth level and so on. In theory, this division can be up to 127 levels deep, and each level can contain up to 63 characters. The name can not use any other characters, except for the letters of the English alphabet of both cases, numbers and a hyphen, which can only be used within the name.
But in practice, such nesting is practically not used, the third, sometimes the fourth level - this is usually enough for the eyes for all the needs of webmasters. Imagine that a domain name consists of, say, 150 characters – yes you will spit and leave, than you will type the site address so long.
Yes, yes it is the site.The peculiarities of search engines are such that it doesn't matter what your domain name is, of the second, third, fourth or other levels, it doesn't matter each separate domain name (of any level) is perceived as a separate site.
Where can I get (get) a third-level domain?
I will not list for you here the services that are ready to provide you with a third-level domain name. It is enough to type a query in the search bar of any search engine "Domain of the third level" and you will open several hundred, or even thousands of pages of sites and services ready to provide such a domain for free.
I just want focus your attention on some pitfalls upon receiving such a name.
By typing a similar request in a search engine, you will be taken to one of these sites or services, where for free You can get a third-level domain, and even a place for your site, usually a disk space of 20-30 megabytes is offered, sometimes up to 50 megabytes no more. Class you say !!! Do not hurry....
Free domain of the third level! Is it really Free?
In addition, administrators usually greatly limit the capabilities of third-level domains, limited disk space, prohibit the installation of resource-intensive scripts and applications, uploading files is carried out via a web form, and not via FTP, and this limits the size of uploaded files, restricts traffic to your site.
As you know, the beauty of any project is that it develops, and if such restrictions are imposed ... what kind of development can we talk about at all.
If your project already does not have enough disk space, then such things need to be additionally coordinated in your "Hoster", ie. "Bow down." Help the master ... And the master will look ... and think ... is it worth you to make concessions.
How do you pay for "Visible Free"?
Now let's get it clear Why were you provided with a third-level domain and disk space for free, and who benefits from it? Where does the owner of a second-level domain get money from? Right out of your pocket. Why does he do it?
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Providing someone with such additional services as in this case, do not think that this is charity. Any such company pursues its own goals. How does this happen?
Taking a third-level domain, you create your site. Surely there is a link to the parent second-level domain somewhere. Those. You start to advertise the site of this second level domain.
How third-level domains are formed, I believe you have already understood, i.e. such domains (third, fourth, etc. levels) can create absolutely ANY who has a second level domain. I have such a domain!
By the way, I recommend that you take a closer look at Hudson Hosting . For reasonable money, you get excellent service. In Russia, for a similar level, you will have to pay 2 times more, and sometimes 3 times.
Many dummies have an eerie confusion in their heads regarding concepts such as "Domain", "domain name", "site domain", "server domain" etc. What is it? Are they all the same or completely different things? You can read many definitions of these concepts on the Internet. Some argue that the domain is the domain name, because it is the name of the site. Others write that the domain is site name and the domain name is Website address... In short, a complete confusion! Maybe for advanced users everything is clear, but for beginners there is no clarity.
Let's deal with these concepts together, so that everything settles down in the brain on the shelves, once and for all!
We will assume that you have read the article "How the Internet Works" and you know that, as a rule, sites are located on the disk space of the Internet servers of hosting companies.
All computers on the network, including the servers of the host providers, have their own IP address, which is a sequence of numbers. So, in order to find any site on the World Wide Web, you need to know the IP address of the server where the site is located.
However, there can be many different sites on the same server or on a different IP address. How to be? To facilitate the search, Domain Name System(DNS - Domain Name System). This alternative addressing system is more human-readable. You give your site a unique name, or in another way, Domain name.
Domain name is a unique combination of characters from the Latin alphabet by which you can identify your site among many others. In addition to letters, a domain can include numbers from 1 to 9 and the hyphen "-", but a hyphen cannot be at the beginning or end of a domain. Domain length can be from 2 to 63 characters.
Next, you host your site on a server with a specific IP address. In order to match the symbolic domain name of your site to a specific digital IP address, there are special DNS servers.
DNS server- a program that converts a domain name into a digital IP address and vice versa. In the memory of these servers are stored extensive tables in which each domain name is associated with an IP address. Remember that many domain names can correspond to one IP address!
Every time you type a domain name in your browser, the DNS service calculates which IP address this name corresponds to and what kind of resource you need to provide. Therefore, the domain name of the site is often called the domain address of the site or the domain name of the server, etc. In fact, they are all the same.
It is much more convenient for a person to use domain names than digital IP addresses.
However, all the same, the unique and complete address of the site is its Url(Uniform Resource Locator), which consists of three main elements: Protocol + Domain Name + Path / File... As you can see, the domain name of the site is only a part of its full address on the Internet.
Each domain name consists of several parts, separated by dots - these are domains of different levels. The number of domain levels is usually limited to two or three. A long domain name and a large number of domain levels are inconvenient to use. The far right margin is called Top-level domain, then, from right to left, are the names of the lower-level domains.
Top Level Domains
Top-level domains are also called domain zones... For example, in the domain name the site , . ru Is a top-level domain.
All top-level domains can be divided into two groups:
National or geographic domains, they define the affiliation of a site to a particular country or geographic area. For example, domain.ru belongs to Russia, .kz - to Kazakhstan, .ua - to Ukraine, etc.
Common domains. They can establish the affiliation of a site to a specific category or type of activity. For example ,.com - commercial, .info - informational, .biz - for business, .org - non-commercial, .travel - tourism, etc.
The basis for the Russian Internet zone (Runet) is the domain . RU... It is he who makes it possible to register a variety of domain names for Runet due to the appearance of second-level domains.
Second level domains
The name of my site blondinka-net.ru is a second level domain name. Here .RU is a top-level domain. The proper name of the website is likbez-net is in second place after the end of the full name. That is why such domains are called second-level domains.
The second and all subsequent domain levels have an important limitation - they must be unique in the group of their parent domain. In other words, there can be only one second-level domain on the Internet. likbez-net in the top level domain . ru .
Second level domain names are registered with registrar organizations.
It should be noted that the ownership right to a second-level domain is issued to an organization or a person only for a year; the application must be renewed for each next year.
Domains of the third level
Domains of the third level are registered with organizations that own second-level domains.
The owner of a second-level domain has the ability to create an unlimited number of third-level and further addresses. So, for example, I, as the owner of a second-level domain site, I can create a domain for a forum forum.likbez- net. ru. It turned out to be a third-level domain name, and forum is a third-level domain in the zone likbez- net. ru.
Usually, the third-level domain registration service is provided by providers- internet service providers .
