What is shared hosting and why do you need it. Dedicated ip address

Hosting(eng. hosting) - a service for the provision of resources for placing information on a server that is constantly on the network. Usually, the hosting service is included in the site maintenance package and implies at least the possibility of placing Internet resource files on the server running the software necessary to process requests for these files (web server). As a rule, the service already includes the provision of space for postal correspondence, databases, DNS, file storage on a specially dedicated file server, etc., as well as support for the functioning of the corresponding services.

Shared hosting (eng. shared hosting) - a type of hosting in which many websites are located on one web server. This is the most economical type of hosting, suitable for various projects. Usually, each website is located on its own section of the web server, but they all share the same software.

Shared Shared Hosting Implementation Options

There are two main methods for implementing website access:

• by name (also called shared IP hosting) when all websites use one shared IP address. According to the HTTP / 1.1 protocol, the web browser, when requesting the web server, indicates Domain name the website in the Host field of the header of the current request, and the web server uses it to execute the request correctly, and also copies this name into the $ _SERVER superglobal array cell;
• by IP address (also called dedicated IP hosting), where each website has its own IP address and the web server has multiple physical or virtual network interfaces.

Shared hosting capabilities / resources

Shared hosting as a service is compared and described by quantitative restrictions:

• the size disk space;
• the amount of monthly traffic;
• the number of sites that can be hosted as one service;
• the number of databases and the amount of space for databases;
• number mailboxes and FTP accounts;

Due to the fact that on such a server there are usually a lot of different sites, the load is very disproportionate and some hosters limit the server resources (mainly CPU) for user scripts.

One of important criteria the choice of hosting is the operating system used, since the software that will support the functionality of certain services depends on it. To organize a shared hosting service, servers are used that run under the Unix OS, for example, FreeBSD, GNU / Linux, as well as under the Windows OS. Thus, the shared hosting service can be divided into two groups:

• UNIX / Linux hosting;
• Windows hosting;

UNIX / Linux hosting

UNIX / Linux hosting is hosting that is implemented on a server running UNIX or Linux OS. One of the most popular systems considered FreeBSD, RedHat Enterprise Linux, Centos, Ubuntu, Fedora, Debian.

This type of hosting has become widespread among hosting providers due to the fact that most operating systems based on UNIX and Linux are free and often more reliable. Therefore, the cost of such hosting for end customers is slightly lower, since providers do not need to deduct a commission for a license to use the operating system.

Main technologies supported on UNIX / Linux hosting:

• Apache web server
• Nginx web server;
• FastCGI / CGI;
• Perl;
• database server MySQL data;
• PostgreSQL database server;
• Server Side Includes (SSI);
• SSH access;
• web server management via .htaccess file (for Apache);
• work with mail.

Windows hosting

Windows hosting is a hosting that is implemented on a server running Windows. Currently, the most common versions are Windows Server 2008 R2 and Windows Server 2003 (gradually being replaced by Windows Server 2008 R2). August 01, 2012 completed the development of a new Windows versions Server 2012.

Main technologies supported on Windows hosting:

• IIS web server;
• ASP (Active Server Pages);
• ASP.NET;
• ASP.NET MVC;
• FastCGI / CGI;
• PERL;
• MySql database server;
• MS SQL database server ( Microsoft SQL Server);
• MS Access;
• Server Side Includes (SSI);
• web server management via web.config file.

A distinctive feature of Windows hosting is that both technologies developed by Microsoft (ASP.NET, MS SQL, etc.) and technologies that were originally created for UNIX / Linux hosting (PHP, MySQL and etc.). V last years Microsoft and the developers of the IIS web server pay a lot of attention to supporting PHP work on Windows and on IIS web server... Undertaken software solutions to a large extent allowed to achieve a commensurate speed of the PHP engine on the Windows platform, similar to the work on the UNIX / Linux platform.

Windows hosting plans are slightly more expensive than UNIX / Linux hosting plans as hosting providers have to pay to use commercial software and OS.

Windows hosting services may be provided only by those companies or individual entrepreneurs who have a special license. Microsoft, the so-called SPLA-agreement (Services Provider License Agreement). According to this agreement, companies or private entrepreneurs must acquire special licenses on the OS and software that they provide to customers when providing hosting services, i.e. to provide a Windows hosting service, it is not enough just to buy licensed Microsoft software, you need to conclude a special license agreement and deduct an appropriate fee for its use.

Shared hosting is ...

Shared hosting- a type of hosting in which many websites are located on one web server. This is the most economical type of hosting, suitable for small projects. That said, each website is located on its own section of the web server, but they all use the same software together.

It should be noted that virtual hosting optimal for sites with traffic up to 1000 people per day. To host corporate sites with more traffic, it is more advisable to choose other types of hosting, for example, a virtual dedicated server (VPS). It allows you to serve much large quantity visitors and provides uninterrupted access to the site from anywhere in the world.

Benefits of shared hosting

Shared hosting benefits:

1. No special hosting skills required.
2. Hosting management is carried out using a convenient control panel in Russian.
3. Provided large amount of disk space.
4. At the time of ordering hosting, it can be provided free of charge Domain name.
5. Availability additional opportunities (exchange and transfer of data via FTP-protocol, access to site visit statistics, Email based on site name, etc.).
6. Cost minimization... Savings in the case of using shared hosting can amount to a significant amount, since you shift the worries about 24/7 support costly server equipment, configuring the software, updating it regularly, and ensuring a permanent connection to the Internet.

Disadvantages of shared hosting

Disadvantages of shared hosting:

1. You cannot install by yourself software.
2. Physical resources (RAM, processor) are distributed among several clients. You do not have exclusive ownership of all physical resources, as in the case of a virtual dedicated server (VPS).

What does the site offer?

The site specializes in providing services hosting in Belarus... Your site will be hosted on servers located in a data center in Minsk, which will increase the loading speed of your site. We only use own equipment, unlike most companies that are intermediary companies.

You also get the opportunity full-fledged work hosted with master Plesk control panel, which has a simple and intuitive web-interface in Russian. With Plesk You yourself can:

• create domain and unlimited number of subdomains
• manage MySQL and MS SQL databases (create a database, users, etc.)
• create FTP accounts
• manage mail (create mailboxes, lists mailing lists etc.)
• manage DNS server (create and edit DNS records to fine-tune hosting capabilities)
• control the use of server resources by your sites
• track the activity of users of your sites using the advanced statistics system AWStats
• use a large number of additional opportunities

Shared hosting tariff plans

The site offers 5 main shared hosting tariff plans... Detailed characteristics are presented on the page shared hosting in Belarus.

Tariff plan "Start". 1500 MB of free disk space, the ability to host 1 site, an unlimited number of subdomains, support for all technologies. The number of mailboxes is not limited.

"Practical" tariff plan. 3000 MB of free disk space, the ability to host up to 2 sites, an unlimited number of subdomains, support for all technologies. The number of mailboxes is not limited.

Tariff plan "Business". 5000 MB of free disk space, the ability to host up to 4 sites, an unlimited number of subdomains, support for all technologies. The number of mailboxes is not limited.

Tariff plan "Master". 7000 MB of free disk space, the ability to host up to 6 sites, an unlimited number of subdomains, support for all technologies. The number of mailboxes is not limited.

Tariff plan "Profi". 10,000 MB of free disk space, the ability to host up to 10 sites, an unlimited number of subdomains, support for all technologies. The number of mailboxes is not limited.

V Lately even ordinary Internet users are faced with such a concept as "shared hosting". What it is, in essence, few people imagine, not to mention the creation and maintenance. Meanwhile, there is nothing particularly complicated here. Further in the article for consideration are offered basic concepts and some additional aspects to look out for.

Shared hosting: general concept

Actually, to make it clear, any type of hosting can be described in fact simple example... Let's say the user has created their own web page. But after all, you need to make it so that it becomes available to visitors on the Internet (and why then create it at all?).

Placing a finished page on a specific resource (server) is the same virtual hosting. Roughly speaking, a user, using the services of providing a certain amount of disk space, simply publishes his page on a server owned by some company or individual. However, there are limitations here, and we will dwell on them separately.

The main types of hosting

Today, if we talk about the types of shared hosting, there are not so many variations. The implementation is usually based on two types of systems:

• UNIX-like (including Linux);
• Windows-oriented.

But in any case, the server provides virtual hosting on the basis of web servers and database servers (that is, everything that is necessary for the normal functioning of the user's site).

For UNIX systems, Apache and Nginx web servers are mainly used, while MySQL and PostgreSQL systems are used as databases, using the languages PHP programming, Perl and others, with support SSH protocol(for Apache platforms the web server is controlled by the .htaccess file).

On Windows platforms, the most common are server solutions based on Windows based Server 2003, 2008 R2 and 2012 (version 2003 is gradually leaving the market). The main web servers are all versions and modifications of ASP.NET and IIS, and the databases used are similar to UNIX platforms.

Management is done through the web.config file. But, as practice shows, virtual hosting of sites on Windows platforms is more expensive in terms of tariff. This is due to the fact that only those companies that have a special SPLA license are entitled to provide such services. True, this moment has its advantages: if you have such an agreement (license), you can be completely sure that official OS and related software.

Pros, cons and limitations

If we touch upon the advantages and disadvantages of the named system, then virtual hosting looks preferable for individuals, since it is quite inexpensive and easy to set up (the main points are taken by the service or the company that provides it). In addition, when using the services, the user is free to choose the necessary tariff plan that best suits his needs.

However, among the minuses, one can single out the limitation of the allocated server (disk) space, the inability to install your own software and distribute the load on the resources of the servers themselves among all users.

Another point is related to the fact that in most cases hosting is designed for relatively low traffic (no more than a thousand requests per day). If the call limit is exceeded, it can even be considered an attempt to carry out DDoS attacks.

Shared hosting services

As for the services provided, usually a certain standardized list is allocated, which includes from 1500 MB to 10 GB of available disk space, the allocated traffic limit, limited quantity domain (subdomain) names, mailboxes and pluggable databases.

In spite of this, ordinary users enough of this, as they say, for the eyes, especially since for the most part the pages are not some game portals, but contain mainly text information or multimedia elements (audio, video, graphics).

Differences from a dedicated server

Before talking about how to create a shared hosting, it is necessary to note the difference between this concept and a dedicated server.

When hosting is connected, only one IP can be used on the server for all registered sites, and redirection is performed by specifying a domain name. In the second implementation, several separate IPs can be used for each hosting, but only on the condition that the server itself has several network interfaces.

When using a dedicated server, each site is located exclusively on one remote device(server), and any others are missing.

Hosting creation and maintenance

As already clear, to create a hosting, you just need to contact the appropriate company. Virtual hosting will be configured not by the user, but by its specialists (especially since there is already a corresponding platform and software environment).

Service from the side of the user is reduced only to adapting the created to their needs. Unfortunately, protecting user terminals from possible exposure to viruses or hacker attacks also falls on the shoulders of the user, despite the fact that main servers protected by firewalls and powerful antiviruses... This is understandable. After all, content editing will not be done on remote server, and on the work or home terminal under the administrator registration record... And here no one is immune from outside interference.

Brief summary

That, in fact, is all that to a very small extent describes the concept of shared hosting. If we make a final conclusion about what it is, then, roughly speaking, the user is dealing with the allocated disk space on shared server where he places his pages so that they become available on the Internet. The path to them is controlled by the computing power of the servers themselves, not the user's computer terminals. The creation is even easier. It all comes down to ordering the services of some provider (hosting) company.

And it is with the use of such elementary technological solutions anyone, as a rule, for a purely symbolic fee, can place their website and make it available to visitors on the World Wide Web.

But in such a situation, one should take into account some of the nuances related to security, because the administration of sites on the server is carried out exclusively by the company that provides such services, and the security issues of the hosted site, its contents and the remote terminal from which the content is edited or updated fall on the shoulders client.

Good day, dear readers of my blog. I recently wrote an article, I told you a little later, and today I finish this series of articles with a story about shared hosting. After you read all three publications, you will be able to accurately determine the tasks and the ideal way of placement for your site.

From this article you will learn everything about shared hosting, what it is and for what purposes it is better to use it. You will never be led astray incomprehensible terms... You will have full knowledge of the information, you will be able to independently figure out the reasons for the appearance of several placement methods, the options for using each of them, and you will be able to choose the best one that fully suits your needs.

Before moving on to the main question, some may find my article useful, in which I talk about. If you already know this, then let's move on to the next level as soon as possible. If not, I recommend starting from the first step.

Terminology

Shared hosting on the Internet is a method of placement in which several sites are served on one server at once. This is the most profitable way ideally suited to the needs of small electronic resources.

When you rent a dedicated server or use VDS (VPS), you are given the opportunity to manage all the settings yourself. If a problem happens, you will most likely have to deal with it. Much depends on the partnership agreement. Sometimes the system administrator of the company from which you rent the server takes over some of the responsibility.

However, in any case, you should not meddle here without specific knowledge. You just do not understand what to do with it and will waste a lot of time. On the other hand, if you have received comprehensive information, then you will be able to rule the show yourself.

VPS and server rent are more suitable for popular projects with high attendance... It may seem to beginners that 100-200 people a day is already a lot. Nothing like this. Here it comes the numbers are more serious: 50 - 100 thousand.

As a rule, any site is created on virtual hosting, and over time it is transferred. It is not difficult, especially for those people who can manage the server themselves. They really need a rent.

The virtual server does not require any special knowledge or skills. As a rule, all activities are carried out using a simple control panel.

The amount of disk space and the number of sites that you can host is determined immediately, when choosing a tariff, and then adjusted. Some partners also offer additional bonuses for example a free domain.

If there are any problems, misunderstandings and so on - you, as they say, should not worry. The team of the partner providing the seat will be obliged to handle everything.

Advantages and disadvantages

Basically, I think you already understood the basic information about the benefits. Let's recap briefly.

If you use shared hosting, then you have no way to install on it software... Now we are not talking about any plugins or additional options for the site itself. I'm talking about a car, a server.

The webmaster is provided with a certain set of capabilities that will ensure the normal stable work site and the implementation of all ideas.

You will not be able to increase the amount of disk space or independently influence the loading speed of the portal for readers. All these characteristics are divided equally among all resources located on this server.

On the one hand, shared hosting has significant disadvantage- a virus on one site can lead to problems for everyone else. On the other hand, this is not your problem. Access to the site, technical support, protection and server performance are the concern of the company that provides you with services.

The more popular the hosting, the more the developers care about its image. For several years now I have been using the services of the company TimeWeb and during this time I did not have any serious problems. So I recommend it.

Ideal for beginners

Recently I spoke with a guy who is engaged in professional video shooting. He was invited to work in America. No wonder, according to him, they have never seen a person independently engaged in the entire process from organizing light to installation. People there are not used to this. Each has its own narrow specialization.

It seems to me that this is partly correct. I do not understand people who want to comprehend all the nuances of work from the first day. Why do you need to take on responsibilities also system administrator? Over time, if you need it, you will be able to understand what services he provides, whether it is worth hiring someone and how the work is done on the site. Until then, let others help you.

An important role in the decision will also play financial question... Shared hosting costs several times less, and many providers provide an opportunity to use it. You can get to know the basics of building sites on your own experience.

OK it's all over Now. Now you know what virtual hosting is and even own a link to the ideal and almost free option to accommodate. Until next time and good luck in your endeavors.

Shared hosting features more high level security compared to traditional hosting, which does not have the ability to full protection from resource attacks. And on a virtual server disk subsystem, network, processor and more are completely virtualized. And this approach allows shared hosting to provide complete isolation of servers from each other.

Providing unimaginable flexibility in server management, the virtual hosting service will undoubtedly appeal to "advanced" clients. Shared hosting - good choice and for beginners who have a fully configured, workable system with a user-friendly control panel at their disposal.

Shared hosting- this is the placement of a virtual web server on a server machine, whose resources it shares with others virtual servers... The advantage of this method is low cost services and what the owner of the virtual web server does not have to care about and its software.

- databases: connection to DBMS databases (MySQL, PostgreSQL, Oracle, etc.), while access to the databases can be obtained from the outside.

PHP hosting: providing access to PHP interpreter and PHP frameworks (e.g. LIMB), additional libraries(such as IonCube Loader, Zend Optimizer, Suhosin Extensions), installation of various web applications: site management systems (CMS), forum organization systems, blogs, galleries, distance learning, news publishing and many others. PHP assumes you have access to the MySQL DBMS.

Python hosting: designed to host sites in the language Python programming... Providing access to the Python interpreter also implies the availability of a framework: Zope, Pylons, Django, TurboGears, etc. Plone hosting provides users with access to an already installed and configured Plone site publishing system. Python implies access to MySQL and PostgreSQL DBMS.

Perl hosting: Perl has significantly lost its position nowadays and sites are less and less common on it, however, usually Perl is supported on shared hosting.

RoR hosting or Ruby on Rails hosting: of course intended for projects written in Ruby and running on the Rails framework (MySQL required).

SVN hosting: focused primarily on professional developers. The SVN client in this case allows you to quickly update the changed files on the server without resorting to FTP access, and the SVN server allows a group of developers to work together, even if they are geographically separated.

In addition, virtual hosting provides access via FTP, SSH (chrooted SSH), SFTP.
Paid shared hosting should also provide:

Round the clock technical support Clients; -backup(backup); -installation of web applications (CMS, blogs, forums, galleries, online stores, etc.).

TO additional services can be attributed:

Domain registration;
-provision of SSL certificates.