What is a text editor? Features of working with programs for text processing. Microsoft Word text editor

While working at a computer, we are extremely often faced with the need to create, edit, design and print text information. For this, special programs are used. Let's try to figure out what it is and what it is for.

Definition

Text editors are specialized programs that allow you to create, format, edit, save and In addition to the text itself, modern documents can contain other objects (tables, lists, diagrams, images, etc.).

The most popular programs for working with text

Now that you already know what a text editor is, you can talk about which applications in this category are most popular.

Microsoft Word

Probably the most widespread and easy-to-use program. Lots of settings, options, the broadest functionality, support for collaboration and review.

Open office

Free alternative to MS Office software suite. The Open Office text editor is slightly inferior to Word in terms of functionality and does not have the same attractive modern interface, but in general it is quite good for performing basic tasks.

AbiWord

Supports quite a few different text formats, including doc and rtf. This program weighs very little, works fast enough, does not "hang" and meets all the requirements of a modern user.

GNU Emacs

Multifunctional free editor adapted to work on different operating systems. Emacs' ideology is based on the principles of extensibility, customizability and striving to combine "all in one".

However, be that as it may, the most popular, reliable and convenient is the good old Microsoft Word.

Main features of MS Word

What is and what functions can it perform? The unique program, created by Microsoft specialists, has been improved over several decades. Modern MS Word allows you to:

• enter and edit text using the keyboard with the possibility of further saving it in the computer's memory;
• format information (change parameters and text design);
• use tools for previewing documents in the process of preparing them for printing;
• process several documents at the same time;
• check spelling, spelling and punctuation in different languages;
• embed graphics and diagrams in the text;
• create and add tables to the text, edit them;
• use macros in documents, etc.

As for the shortcomings of MS Word, there are not so many of them. However, speaking about what a text editor is, it is worth saying that not all of them are suitable for one purpose or another. For example, in the case of Word, you may have problems entering chemical formulas and complex mathematical expressions. In addition, this text editor is not intended for the production of complex printing products (magazine atlases, etc.) and for editing high-quality images.

Exploring the MS Word Word Processor Menu

Knowing what a text editor is, you will of course want to know more about its capabilities. You can get a general idea of ​​the functionality of MS Word by looking at the main command tabs of the program:

• Home. Contains a set of commands related to setting paragraphs, styles and font selection.
• Insert. Allows you to embed pages, tables, links, illustrations, headers and footers, headers, symbols and text objects into a document.
• Page layout. Here you can find commands for working with themes, paragraph spacing, background images. The same tab contains tools that allow you to customize the page parameters and the order of the elements on it.
• Links. The commands on this tab are useful for those who already know what a text editor is and are working on the creation of serious voluminous works (contents, bibliographies and citations, subject index, headings, footnotes, etc.).
• Mailings. All the functions you need to create, preview and send mail are located here.
• Reviewing. Document checking tools (thesaurus, spelling, etc.). On the same tab, you will see commands that allow you to share the document with others for review, add a comment, track and process changes, compare versions, and protect the document.
• View. This tab is responsible for viewing the document in different modes and the ability to view multiple documents.

In the upper left corner you can find the "File" button, which opens the main MS Word menu, the commands of which allow you to open, save, print documents, as well as learn more about the installed version of the program, about what the Microsoft Word text editor is and go to the detailed help. In addition, in the "File" menu, you can change the default settings for the program itself (spelling settings, autosave, theme, etc.).

In fact, now you know the text editor, and you can easily find the commands you need to work with.

MS Word 2007 allows you to enter, edit, format and format text and correctly place it on the page. It can be used to insert graphics, tables and diagrams into a document, as well as automatically correct spelling and grammatical errors. The Word text editor has many other features that make it much easier to create and edit documents.

The most commonly used functions:

• - typing;
• - cutting out pieces of text, storing them during the current session of work, as well as in the form of separate files;
• - inserting pieces into the desired place in the text;
• - replacement of words one with another, partially or completely throughout the text;
• - finding the necessary words or sentences in the text;
• - text formatting, that is, giving it a certain look according to the following parameters: width of the text column, paragraph, margins on both sides, top and bottom margins, spacing between lines, alignment of the edges of lines;
• - automatic pagination of text into pages with a specified number of lines;
• - automatic page numbering;
• - automatic entry of subheadings at the bottom or top of the page;
• - highlighting a part of the text in bold, italic or underlined;
• - switching programs to work with a different alphabet;
• - tabulation of lines, that is, the creation of constant spacing for the presentation of text in the form of columns;
• - when entering text, you run into the end of the line, Word automatically makes the transition to the next line;
• - if a typo is made when entering text, the auto-correction function automatically corrects it. And the Auto Spell Checker highlights misspelled words with a red squiggle line to make them easier to see and correct;
• - if you use hyphens to highlight items in a list, use fractions, a trademark or other special characters, the auto-formatting function will correct them itself;
• - the ability to insert formulas, tables, figures into the text;
• - the ability to create multiple text columns on one page;
• - selection of ready-made styles and templates;
• - to represent text in the form of a table, you can, of course, use the tabulator, but Microsoft Word offers much more effective tools. And if the table contains numerical data, then it is easy to turn it into a chart;
• - preview mode allows you to see the document in the form in which it comes out of print. In addition, it allows you to display all pages at once, which is convenient for making changes before printing.

The program also offers a number of features that save time and effort. Among them:

• - autotext - for storing and inserting frequently used words, phrases or graphics;
• - styles - for storing and specifying whole sets of formats at once;
• - merge - to create serial letters, print envelopes and labels;
• - macros - to execute a sequence of frequently used commands;
• - “wizards” - to create professionally designed documents.

Special features of text editors:

• 1. Editing text:
  • - work with a piece of text (selection, deletion, writing to the clipboard, copying, etc.);
  • - text alignment (left or right, width, center);
  • - Auto-hyphenation of words (entirely, according to the rules of hyphenation, the organization of columns).
• 2. Creation of backups at regular intervals;
• 3. Working with tables (marking, deleting and adding columns and rows, aligning text in cells, decorating frames);
• 4. Refusal of the last actions and refusal of refusal;
• 5. Operations on pictures (insertion into text, scaling and stretching along the axes, flowing text around the picture, etc.);
• 6. Pagination (automatic, rigid, numbering);
• 7. Using document templates;
• 8. Using a set of fonts (proportional fonts, fonts with arbitrarily resizable sizes, different ways of highlighting fonts, etc.);
• 9. Contextual search and replacement of a given sequence of words in the text;
• 10. Check spelling using the built-in dictionary;
• 11. Hint of synonyms and antonyms;
• 12. Grammar check - analysis of the sentence as a whole;
• 13. Construction of tables of contents, indices, footnotes;
• 14. A set of complex formulas (mathematical, physical);
• 15. Use of information from DBMS and ET in the text.

Microsoft Word Is one of the most popular text editors. The editor has large and constantly growing possibilities for the processing and design of texts, with an average set of types of fonts, their sizes, expandability and using graphic information. With the help of this editor, you can quickly and with high quality prepare any document - from a simple note to the original - a layout of a complex publication.

The editor was developed by Microsoft and takes full advantage of the Windows user interface. There are many versions of this editor (MS Word 2000, MS Word 2002, MS Word 2003). Each new version is a further development of the previous one and maintains continuity. Therefore, the use of new versions of MS Word during work usually does not cause any particular difficulties for users.

Any text typed in MS Word is called a document. Each document gets its own name. MS Word has great possibilities when working with fonts. It is possible to change the font style, size, color and style. The variety of fonts allows you to create different types of documents: business cards, letters, brochures, documentation, invitations, announcements, signs, books, etc. You can customize all parameters of the paragraph (indentation, line spacing, alignment).

MS Word allows you to create tables in text that can be modified, as well as perform various operations with table cells. MS Word supports graphics. Graphics include hand-drawn pictures, photographs, and hand-drawn shapes. There is a possibility of developing highly artistic inscriptions. Any graphic object is customizable (brightness, contrast, size, color, position, etc.).

Using MS Word allows you to perform many typesetting operations inherent in professional publishing systems, and prepare full-fledged original - layouts for subsequent replication in a printing house. There is a system of ready-made templates and design styles, auto-text and auto-correction functions, format brush, custom toolbars, macro language, etc.

MS Word allows you to realize the capabilities of the latest technologies for linking and embedding objects, which make it possible to include text fragments, tables, illustrations prepared in other Windows applications into documents. Built-in objects can be edited using the tools of these applications.

Built in formula editor allows you to write mathematical formulas. In addition to all of the above, MS Word has many additional functions that speed up and facilitate working with texts:

changing the document viewing scale;

creation of headers and footers and automatic pagination;

creating borders around text and pages;

developing your own style and using it in the future for quick text formatting;

work with macros;

support for multiple windows;

convenient help system;

spell check, grammar and syntax check, support for multiple dictionaries to check the correct spelling;

spell check, synonym selection and automatic word hyphenation;

customizing toolbars (adding and removing buttons and commands);

the ability to preview the document before printing;

customization of page parameters and support for non-standard paper sizes;

insertion of special characters into the text.

The MS Word editor has some drawbacks. There are some difficulties with converting files when translating texts prepared using an earlier version to a later version and vice versa.

When preparing large blocks of relatively homogeneous text information (articles, brochures of humanitarian topics), it is quite enough for the user to apply the basic set of operations (input, text modification, work with fragments, search and replace). Simpler text editors perform these operations faster. A text file prepared in these editors is easily converted into a file in MS Word format, and then by means of this editor it is brought to the desired form, which can significantly save time.

Another drawback of the editor is the laboriousness when entering complex mathematical expressions and formulas.

In addition, it is not intended for the production of printed products of a particularly complex structure (atlases, albums, covers), as well as for editing high-quality illustrations.

Depending on the needs of the user, you can choose different options for this editor: minimal, custom, standard, full.

R

Rice. 4.3.

Let's consider the capabilities of this editor using the example of MS Word 2000, the shortcut of which is shown in Figure 4.3.

When working in MS Word, the left mouse button is used, the right one - mainly to call the context menu with additional functions. Most of the functions can also be called using special hotkey combinations. This saves time and makes working with the program more efficient. All movements on the mouse table on the screen are repeated by the cursor (pointer). Its main shape is an arrow. In text, the cursor is a vertical bar. Any command is set by pressing the button. The button has two states: on and off. By "pressing" is meant pointing the pointer over a button and a single click with the left mouse button.

The main MS Word window can be divided into five areas (Fig.4.4):

title line;

menu bar;

toolbars;

Workspace;

status bar.

Title bar in addition to the title itself, it contains the system menu icon and window control buttons.

Menu bar contains the commands of the main menu. All commands are hierarchical. When you select one of these commands, its drop-down menu appears on the screen (Fig. 4.5).

Toolbars - a convenient tool for quickly executing commands and procedures. A mouse or similar positioning device is required to operate the toolbars. In order to execute a command or procedure represented by the corresponding button on the toolbar, just click this button with the mouse. Toolbars are available at any time as they sit on top of document windows.

NS Toolbars are located next to the menu bar: Standard and Formatting(fig. 4.6). In addition to these two panels, there are a large number of other panels shown in table 4.1.

Table 4.1.
Toolbar	Composition, purpose	Note
Standard	Controls for file operations, editing, screen display	Installed by default
Formatting	Document formatting controls	Installed by default
Visual basic	Access to tools for creating and editing macros and web scripts	Macros are used to automate typical operations. Web scripting provides a dynamic web browsing experience
	Controls for Navigating Web Structures	The World Wide Web, corporate Intranet networks can act as Web - structures
Web components	Component kit for creating Web page controls	They are used to create feedback with the consumer of the document (questionnaires, questionnaires, order forms, applications, etc.)
Word - Art	Controls for creating artistic titles	Installed by default
Autotext	Quick access tool for setting up the auto text function	Simultaneously provides quick access to customization tools for AutoCorrect and AutoFormat
Database	Database-specific controls	Both MS Access tables and your own tables can act as a database.MSWord
Clipboard	Clipboard management tool	The clipboard, unlike the standard Windows clipboard, can contain up to 12 objects
Image Adjustment	Controls for Basic Bitmap Adjustment Functions	Allows you to adjust the brightness, contrast, size, frame, text flow modes and other parameters of the selected bitmap object
Framework	Controls for creating frames	MSWord 2000 supports two types of frames: frames in electronic documents and frames in printed documents.
Peer review	Controls for editing and commenting documents	Changed data is saved in the document as new versions. The author of the text can review the proposed changes, and then accept them or reject them.
Painting	Controls and tools for performing the simplest graphic work	Graphic objects created by the tools of this panel have the character of vector objects
Tables and borders	Controls for creating tables	Provides tools for sorting data and making final calculations in tables
Forms	Controls for Designing Standard Forms	Allows you to create three types of forms: Web - forms, MS Word forms, printable forms
Control elements	ActiveX components for creating controls for Web pages and Web forms	Toolbar tools allow you to use about 150 ready-made components and install additional ActiveX components

Status bar located at the bottom of the main window. The left side of the status bar displays information about the current document (in accordance with table 4.2) and indicators of the operating mode.

Switching on / off operating modes is carried out by the corresponding commands (Table 4.2).

Table 4.2.
Indicator	Meaning
P. 5	Sequential number of the document page visible in the window
Section 1	The number of the section in which the visible page is located
	Visible page number / total number of pages in the document
At 19.1cm	Distance from the input cursor to the top of the page
	Line number where the cursor is located
Col 1	Cursor position number in line
	Macro recording mode indicator
ISPR	Edit mode indicator
	Marking extension mode indicator
	Replacement mode indicator
UKRAINIAN	Language indicator

Workspace is the main one for working with a document, in which windows for several documents can be opened at the same time.

Rulers allow you to visually estimate the current position of the cursor in the text. However, in MS Word, rulers perform additional functions. The horizontal ruler allows you to visually change:

indentation of paragraphs;

fields on the page;

width of columns and columns of tables;

tab stops.

As you move the cursor, the indentation and tab stops on the horizontal ruler reflect the settings for the paragraph in which the cursor is located. A vertical ruler appears along the left margin of the page. It allows you to quickly adjust the top and bottom margins of the page, as well as the height of the rows in the table. You can display the rulers on the screen as you like, or remove them, thereby freeing up more space for your document.

Document viewing modes

On the left side of the horizontal scroll bar there are buttons of the view mode (Fig. 4.7). MS Word supports several modes of document presentation.

V normal mode only the substantive part of the document is presented without the requisite design elements related not to the text, but

to printed pages (headers and footers, columns, footnotes, etc.). This mode is convenient in the early stages of document development (text input, editing, reviewing), as well as in all cases when the content of the document is more important than the external presentation. In this mode, operations with large documents are faster, which is important when working on low-performance computers.

V web document mode the screen representation does not match the printed one. This display is specific to electronic publications on the World Wide Web. The concept of a printed page is meaningless for electronic documents, so the assigned page settings are ignored, and the document formatting on the screen is relative.

V markup mode the on-screen presentation of the document is fully consistent with the printed one, up to the assigned parameters of the printed page. This mode is useful for most print formatting jobs.

V structure mode the document is displayed with an exaggerated emphasis on its structure. The mode is useful in cases when the development of a document begins with the creation of a content plan. When enabled, a sub-panel opens automatically on the toolbar. Structure, whose controls allow you to edit the structure of the document.

The choice of one of the four above modes of document presentation is performed using the command buttons located in the lower left corner of the application window, or by menu commands View.

Through the menu View a special view is also available (fifth mode) Document outline, in which the application window has two working panels. The left pane displays the structure of the document, and the right pane displays the document itself. Combining the advantages of layout and outline modes, this mode is useful when navigating a lengthy document.

There are two more document presentation modes available through the File menu, which are used for previewing. For electronic documents use the command File–PreviewWeb pages, and for printed documents - File–Preliminaryviewing... In the first case, the created document is displayed as a Web page in a browser window registered by the OS as the default.

V the process of work can be changed image scale: enlarge the image up to 200% - for detailed work, or reduce - to see the general view of the page. In addition, any of the above modes can be displayed Full screen(command from the menu View), which allows an experienced user to make the most of the screen area.

Context menu allows you to execute many of the commands without accessing the menu bar, which speeds up common operations.

The context menu is invoked by right-clicking in the document window or by using the keys Shift + F10 on keyboard. The content of the menu is determined by the nature of work in MS Word. For example, if you press the right mouse button while the pointer is located within the text, a context menu will appear on the screen (Fig. 4.8).

Document creation

The main stages of document creation are shown in Figure 4.9.

In the Word 2000 word processor, it is customary to use two methods of creating a new document: based on a ready-made template or based on an existing document. The second method is simpler, but the first is methodologically more correct.

When creating a document based on an existing document, open the finished document File–Open, save it under a new name File–Savehow, then select all the contents in it Edit–Highlightall and remove it with a key press DELETE, after which an empty document is obtained that has its own name and retains all the settings previously adopted for the original document.

Creating a document based on a ready-made template is as follows. Team File–Create open a dialog box Creationfile, turn on the switch Create document and choose a template (Fig. 4.10). If there is no preference, you should choose a template new document in the tab General.

WITH the created document takes on the name Document1, accepted by default. It is advisable to immediately save it under the "correct" name by selecting the appropriate folder for it and giving the command File–Savehow... Dialog window Preservationdocument(Figure 4.11) in a word processor MS Word 2000 assumes saving not only to a folder My documents but also to other folders.

On the left side of the window Preservation there are five buttons that allow you to quickly select the location of the saved file.

Magazine- logical folder. If you need to save a document to one of the folders you've been using recently, this is a handy accessibility tool.

M oi documents- a traditional folder for storing copyright documents in Windows.

R work table- not very convenient place for storing documents. However, if the document will be used very often and must always be "in sight", it can be saved here.

Favorites- a special logical user folder designed to store shortcuts to Web pages. It is inappropriate to use it to save text documents.

Web folders- special folders stored on the Web - structures, for example, on the World Wide Web or on the corporate Intranet. In general, when using Web folders, the document is saved not on the local computer, but on a remote Web server.

Special text input tools

Let's dwell on the features of the MS Word 2000 word processor, which allow you to automate text input.

All operations of entering, editing and formatting text are logged by the word processor, and therefore the required number of recent actions can be undone. The last action is canceled with a key combination CTRL + Z... This command has a cumulative effect: a series of commands cancels the last series of actions. Other similar tools are the command: Edit–Cancelaction and the button Undo action on the toolbar Standard... Long sequences of actions can also be undone using a list of actions (the dropdown button is attached to the Undo action).

After undoing a series of actions, it is possible to return to the state before the undo. This is done by the command Edit–Revert Action or button Revert Action on the toolbar Standard.

Clipboard. When compiling a document by using fragments of text taken from different primary sources, it is convenient to use the clipboard. The necessary controls are located on the Clipboard toolbar ( View–Panelsinstruments–Bufferexchange).

NS anel tools Clipboard(Fig. 4.12) has three rows of four cells for storing data (the next row opens only when the previous one is filled). The content of a particular cell can be judged by the tooltip displayed when you hover the mouse over the cell. When the clipboard overflows, the cells move down, the next element enters the last cell, the contents of the first cell are lost.

Money box is a multiple cut and paste tool. A fragment of a document can be placed in the piggy bank only by cutting it out. In the piggy bank, you can place individual fragments of text, graphics, tables and other objects from different places in the document. Items placed in the piggy bank are stored there on a first come, first served basis. Elements are separated from each other by paragraph characters. To put text or a picture in the piggy bank, select them, and then press the keys CTRL + F3.

The contents of the piggy bank can be inserted into the required place of the document as a whole. In the future, you can change the order of the piggy bank elements in the document.

Inserting the contents of the piggy bank into the document can be carried out with the preservation of the contents of the piggy bank or with its cleaning, if there is no need for its contents.

To insert the contents of the piggy bank with its simultaneous cleaning, use the keys CTRL + SHIFT + F3.

To insert the contents of the piggy bank without cleaning it, in the menu Insert choose a team Autotext and then the command Autotext then into the field Element name choose Money box and press the button Insert.

To view the contents of the piggy bank, select the command Autotext on the menu Insert and then the command Autotext, after which from the list of auto text elements select Money box... The contents of the piggy bank will appear in the field Sample.

Autotext Is a mode for automatically entering text fragments. It is represented by two functions: auto-completion and auto-text itself. Their principle of operation is as follows.

The text editor stores an autotext dictionary, consisting of words and phrases that are often found in documents. When you enter the first four characters of a vocabulary item, a tooltip appears on the screen with the full text of the word or phrase (Fig. 4.13). If this option suits the user, he completes the input of the entire fragment by pressing the key ENTER. However, the user can independently select the required text element from a list with a hierarchical structure. The list of auto text items is opened using the toolbar Autotext(View–Toolbars - Autotext, rice. 4.14 ) .

N The auto text dictionary is configured in the dialog box AutoCorrect(Service - AutoCorrect - Autotext)... The easiest way to fill the dictionary with new content is to select the text on the screen, click on the button Autotext on the toolbar Autotext, and in the opened dialog use the button Add.

Using AutoCorrect as you type.

The latest versions of the MS Word word processor can effectively reduce the amount of text entered by using the tool AutoCorrect... It allows you to replace the input of long sequences of characters with an arbitrary combination of other characters. For example, if the phrase "dialog box" is often found in the text, you can replace it with the short combination " .before". The period in front of symbols distinguishes them from two-letter prepositions or conjunctions.

Tool setup AutoCorrect perform in a dialog box Service–AutoCorrect... To do this, check the box Replace as you type, enter the replacement combination in the field Replace, and the replacement combination - in the field On and then add to the autocorrect list by clicking on the button Add ( rice. 4.15 ) .

Entering special and arbitrary characters... When entering text, there is often a need to enter special characters that do not have a corresponding key in the standard keyboard layout, as well as characters for which the layout is unknown. A tool for entering special and arbitrary characters, as well as for assigning them to favorite keys, is the dialog box Symbol(Insert–Symbol). This window has two tabs: Symbols and Special symbols.

In the tab Special symbols there is a list of special characters, such as "long" ("polygraphic") dash, "copyright", "trade mark" and others. To insert such a symbol, just click on the button Insert.

V However, for most of the special characters, there are keyboard shortcuts shown in the list. In the same window there are buttons AutoCorrect and Key that allow you to either enter special characters with ordinary characters and automatically replace them, or assign a special character to the selected key combination.

In the tab Symbols controls for entering arbitrary characters are presented (Fig. 4.16). The central position in the window is occupied by the symbol table of the current set.

The choice of the font is performed in the drop-down list Font... If the font is in the category of universal fonts UNICODE, then for it there is also the possibility of choosing a character set in the corresponding drop-down list Kit.

If you only need to insert a symbol once, just click on the command button Insert... If you intend to use this symbol multiple times, you can assign a permanent key combination to it (button Key) or create an item for the list AutoCorrect using the button of the same name.

WITH special text editing tools

Modes of insertion and replacement of symbols. The word processor provides the ability to choose between two modes of text editing: insert and replace. In insert mode, the text you enter expands the existing text. In overwrite mode, new characters replace previous characters at the insertion point. The insert mode is used when developing the main content blocks of text documents, and the replacement mode is used when editing standard forms and elements (headers and footers, requisite elements in letters, memos, letterheads).

The current text editing mode is indicated on the screen by the indicator Replacement... The indicator is on in overwrite mode. ZAM in the status bar of the program window. Double clicking on this indicator allows you to switch modes. Editing mode setting is performed on the tab Edit dialog box Options(Service - Options - Edit).

UsageThesaurus. A thesaurus is a dictionary of semantic synonyms. When preparing technical documentation, semantic synonyms for the used verbs play a special role. For the highlighted word, it is convenient to call the thesaurus through the item Synonyms context menu. However, this technique is not used for all words (mainly for verbs in an indefinite form). A common technique for invoking a thesaurus is to use the menu bar command Service - Language - Thesaurus.

Window Thesaurus has two panels (fig. 4.17). Its peculiarity is that the search for a synonym is two-level. The substitute synonym can be selected both on the left panel and on the right. Replacement is done by clicking on the command button Replace... In addition to synonyms, in some cases the thesaurus allows you to find antonyms of words and related (usually same-root) words.

WITH tools for automating spell checking. Spelling Automation Tools include spelling and grammar checkers. The word processor allows you to implement two modes of checking spelling - automatic and command.

To work in automatic mode, check the boxes Automatically check spelling and Automatically check grammar in the tab Spelling dialog box Options(Tools - Options - Spelling). In automatic mode, words containing spelling errors are underlined in red, and expressions containing grammatical errors are underlined in green. In order to find out the nature of the error, you need to right-click on the marked fragment. Depending on the nature of the error, the context menu contains the item Spelling or Grammar... With their help, a dialog box opens, in which there are controls for obtaining more accurate information about the nature of the error, as well as suggested options for correcting the alleged error.

The built-in automatic spelling checker is essentially an expert system and can be customized. So, for example, if the recommendations of the expert system are inaccurate or unacceptable, they can be discarded by the command Skip.

The built-in dictionary of the spell checker is not editable. All additions and changes are made in a special plug-in user dictionary. Each user can create several specialized user dictionaries focused on different areas of knowledge (law, economics, finance, computing, etc.). The connection of the required dictionary for working with a specific document is performed by selecting the dictionary file in the drop-down list Auxiliary dictionaries in the tab Tools - Options - Spelling... Gradually filling with specific content, the auxiliary dictionaries of the user become a powerful means of increasing his productivity.

Text review tools

Reviewing can be understood as two processes: editing text with registration of changes and commenting on the text. Unlike normal editing, reviewing does not completely change the text of a document. The new version and the old one "coexist" within the same document as different versions.

The main review tool is the panel Peer review(View - Panelsmanagement - Peer review). It presents four groups of control elements (Fig. 4.18), intended for:

To create a note, use the button Add note... When using it, the last word of the text is highlighted in the specified color. An additional panel for entering note text opens. When a note is created, it can be viewed in a tooltip by hovering over the highlighted word. Information about who contributed the note is displayed along with the note text.

To register changes in the text, use the button Bug fixes... All text editing in the correction registration mode is considered unauthorized and is highlighted using a special method (the selection method can be set on the tab Bug fixes dialog box Service - Options)... Other controls on this panel allow you to navigate, accept, or reject fixes.

If a document undergoes multi-stage editing, it is often necessary to store intermediate versions of it. MS Word 2000 allows you to store multiple versions of a document in one file. This handy tool uses disk space efficiently when saving multiple versions (as opposed to multiple copies). When you save the next version, the entire document is not saved again - only the differences between the current version and the previous one are saved. To save the current version, use the corresponding panel button Peer review, and to download one of the intermediate versions - the command File–Versions.

Text formatting

Text formatting is carried out by means of the menu Format or the Formatting toolbar. Basic formatting techniques include:

selection and change of the typeface;

font size control;

font style and color control;

alignment method control;

creation of bulleted and numbered lists (including multilevel);

control of paragraph parameters.

Setting up the font. The choice of the typeface affects the selected text fragment. If no fragment is selected, it affects all the entered text until the next change of the typeface.

Feature of word processors MS Word is that they are focused on working with multilingual font sets. The choice of other font sets is valid only until the next switching of the keyboard layout from the main (English) to the additional (Russian, Ukrainian), after which there is an uncontrolled automatic return to the use of one of the fonts UNICODE.

N Font adjustment is performed in the Font dialog box ( Format - Font), which has three tabs: Font, Spacing and Animation(fig. 4.19).

In the tab Font choose:

typeface;

its size (measured in points);

typeface option;

color of symbols;

the presence of an underline;

the nature of the modification.

When choosing a typeface, keep in mind that there are two categories of fonts: serif and sans-serif (chopped). Typical representatives of the first category are the fonts of the family Times and the second is the fonts of the family Arial... Serif fonts are easier to read in large blocks of text and are recommended for use in body text.

Most typefaces are proportional. This means that the width of individual characters and the spacing between adjacent characters are not constant values ​​and are dynamically changed so that the pairing of characters is the most readable.

A special group is represented by the so-called monospaced fonts. In them, each character, together with the intervals bordering it, has a strictly defined width.

Such fonts are used when it is necessary to imitate the font of a typewriter, as well as when entering texts that represent program listings. Typical representatives of such fonts are the fonts of the family Courier.

When choosing a font size, they are guided by the purpose of the document, as well as the vertical size of the printed sheet. For documents that are formatted on a typical book page, a 10 point font (one point equals 1/72 inch) is usually used. For documents prepared for printing on standard A4 sheets (210x297 mm), choose a size of 12 points. When preparing documents intended for transmission by facsimile communication, an increased size is used - 14 points, etc.

The spacing is set by choosing one of three values ​​(Normal, Sparse, Compacted) on the tab Format - Font - Spacing.

Animation effects are used very rarely and only in the preparation of electronic documents distributed in a word processor format. Setting the alignment method. MS Word supports four types of alignment:

left-aligned;

in the center;

right edge;

in width.

The choice of the type of alignment is performed by the corresponding buttons of the Formatting toolbar or from the drop-down list Format - Paragraph - Indents and Spacing - Alignment(fig.4.20).

N Adjustment of parameters of the paragraph. In addition to the alignment mode, the following paragraph parameters are configured:

the amount of indentation to the left (from the left margin);

amount of indent to the right (from the right margin);

the amount of indentation of the first line of the paragraph ("red line");

the amount of spacing before and after a paragraph.

For printed documents, the amount of indentation for the main text, as a rule, is not specified (the required position of the text is determined by the width of the margins). For Web pages, the amount of indentation is important. It is one of the very few formatting options available for Web documents, and is therefore widely used.

The usual practice of setting a format is that for documents with a simple structure (artistic) use the indentation of the first line (this is especially important for texts in Russian and German), and for documents with a complex structure (technical) and documents in English, use paragraph spacing ... An intermediate position is occupied by documents related to the natural sciences and the humanities.

Tools for creating bulleted and numbered lists. The special design of bulleted and numbered lists is rarely used in artistic documents and personal correspondence, but in official documents and, especially, in Web documents, it is used quite widely. In Web documents, the design of bulleted lists is especially enhanced through the use of special graphic markers, the style of which should be thematically combined with the content and design of documents.

D To create numbered and bulleted lists, you must first set up, then enter the list, and finally exit. The setting is performed in the dialog box. List opened by the command Format - List... This window has three tabs: Bullet List, Numbered List, and Multilevel List(Fig. 4.21) Examples of list design are presented here as controls. To select the desired one, simply click on the selected sample.

To create a list by command, use the buttons Numbering and Markers presented on the panel Formatting... Both bulleted and numbered lists can be easily multi-level. To go to new (or return to previous levels) use the buttons Increase Indent and Decrease Indent on the panel Formatting.

For lists with very deep nesting of levels (more than three), you can customize the style of each of the levels. The command button is used for this. Change in the tab Tiered dialog box List.

A characteristic feature of the MS Word 2000 processor associated with its orientation towards the creation of Web - documents, is the ability to use graphic markers. To select graphic markers use the command button Drawing in the tab Marked dialog box List... She opens a dialog box Hand-drawn marker, in which you can select the desired marker, including animated (on the tab Films).

Working with styles

A paragraph is the simplest element in the design of any document. Each heading in the document is also treated as a separate paragraph. On the menu Format - Paragraph there are quite a few different controls for customizing each paragraph separately using styles.

Style of design Is a named set of settings for the parameters of the font, paragraph, language and some elements of the design of paragraphs (lines and frames). The use of styles ensures that paragraphs and text headings can be formatted easily, as well as their design consistency throughout the document.

A special feature of MS Word word processors is that they support two types of styles: paragraph styles and sign styles (character styles). You can use paragraph styles to format paragraphs, and use character styles to change the appearance of selected portions of text within a paragraph. The presence of two types of styles allows for quite complex formatting techniques.

Style customization. The style setting (Fig. 4.22) is performed in the dialog box Style (Format - Style). Custom style is selected from the list Styles(while on the panels Paragraph and Signs examples of applying this style are displayed).

D To change the style, use the command button Change that opens a dialog box Style change... Each of the style components is configured in a separate dialog box. The selection of a component is performed in the menu opened using the button Format.

When making adjustments to a style, it is important to select the correct source style. It should be as close to what you want as possible in order to minimize the number of settings required.

Style creation... To create a style, use the command button Create in the dialog box Styles and formatting(Format–Styles and formatting).

In the window Style creation follows:

enter the name of the new style in the Name field;

choose a style type (paragraph style or character style);

choose the style on which the new style is based;

specify the style of the next paragraph;

start customizing style elements by clicking the Format button.

An important feature of the program is the style inheritance principle. It consists in the fact that any style can be based on some of the existing ones. This allows, firstly, to reduce to a minimum the setting of the style, focusing only on its differences from the basic one, and secondly, to ensure the principle of uniformity of the design of the entire document as a whole.

Templates

The set of style settings is saved along with the finished document. These settings can be used to prepare new documents using the template technology. At their core, templates are templates for future documents. An example of a template for a letter is shown in Figure 4.23.

NS Templates come with a word processor and are installed on your computer with it. Templates differ from ordinary documents in that special measures are taken in them to exclude the possibility of their damage. Opening the template, create a new document by making changes to the content of the template. When saving, the created document is recorded, and the template used as its basis remains unchanged and suitable for further use.

Using a template to create a document... By command File–Create a dialog box opens Document creation, in which you can select a template on the basis of which the document will be developed. In this case, the document immediately receives several ready-made design styles contained in the template.

When formatting characters, you can set the following options:

headset,

typeface,

animation,

interval,

effects - superscript and subscript,

underline,

strikethrough.

To format several paragraphs or the entire document, you need to select them and set formatting options:

alignment,

intervals,

position on the page.

The Formatting toolbar contains buttons for formatting characters and paragraphs.

By the active button, you can determine what alignment is set for the current paragraph.

A bulleted or numbered list is a sequence of lines that contain data of the same type. Lists make the text easier to read and understand.

Word allows you to give paragraphs the form of a list, where each paragraph will be marked with a specific bullet or number.

Bulleted lists list items related to one topic. Numbered lists list items following one after the other in a specific order.

Each item in the list is a separate paragraph and has its own bullet or number. On the Edit menu, select Copy or click using the right mouse button.

7. WordArt text

WordArt - text decoration.

In order to turn ordinary text into WordArt text, you need:

1. Select the text to be converted into WordArt text, for example, the title of the ad.

2. Click on the "Add WordArt" button on the "Drawing" toolbar, or select the "Picture / WordArt" command from the "Insert" menu.

3. In the "WordArt Gallery" dialog box that appears, select a text style and click the OK button.

In the "Change WordArt Text" dialog box that appears, you can change (edit) the text, select a font and set its characteristics (size and style).

4. As a result of clicking the OK button, the selected text in the document will be converted to WordArt text.

The WordArt Shape button lets you select the shape of your WordArt text. The appearance of the icons on the buttons that appear as a result of clicking on the "WordArt Form" button suggests what form the WordArt text will take as a result of REC (REC) - an indicator of the click mode on the corresponding list button.

8. Working with fragments of text

8.1 Selecting fragments of text

Using the mouse: move the cursor to the beginning or end of the fragment you want to select. Press the left button, and without releasing it, expand the selection in the required direction by moving the mouse. As soon as you release the button, the size of the selected fragment will be fixed.

Using the keyboard: with the cursor in the desired location, press and hold the Shift key, press any keys that move the cursor. The selection will propagate through the text until the cursor moves.

8.2 Fragment actions

Press the Del key and the selection will disappear.

Transfer to a new location.

Point at the selected fragment with the mouse cursor and press the left button. Without releasing it, move the arrow to the desired insertion point and release the mouse button there - following the cursor, the entire fragment will move to a new place.

Cut.

Press Shift + Del, or Ctrl + X, or the scissors button, or use the Home / Cut command. The fragment will disappear from the text, but at the same time it will be transferred to the buffer, from where it will then be easy to retrieve.

Copy.

Press Ctrl + Ins, or Ctrl + C, or the copy button on the toolbar, or give the command "Home / Copy". The fragment will remain in place, and a copy will be placed on the clipboard.

Insert.

The contents of the pocket can be pasted into text using the Paste button, the Ctrl + Ins, or Ctrl + V keys, or the Edit / Paste command. This can be done many times, since the text in the pocket is saved so until another fragment takes its place.

9. Working with tables

In order to insert a table into the document, place the cursor in the place of the document where the table should be, on the "Home" tab, select the "Table" command.

The "Insert Table" dialog box will appear on the screen, in the fields of which you must specify the number of rows and columns of the table. The numbers in the Number of Columns and Number of Rows fields can be entered in the usual way (click in the field with the mouse and type a value on the keyboard), or using the "Increase" and "Decrease" buttons.

Clicking on the "Increase" button increases the value of the field by one, on the "Decrease" button - decreases it.

As a result of clicking on the "OK" button, a table with columns of the same width will be inserted into the document.

Table formatting refers to the process of changing the appearance of a table.

Formatting is done by:

font changes;

changing the way the contents of the cells are aligned;

drawing borders of cells;

change the fill color of cells.

9.1 Pasting and Formatting

In Microsoft Office Word 2007, there are several ways to format a table after it has been created. Applying table styles lets you set the format for the entire table at once, as well as perform a preview to see in advance how the table will look with the selected formatting style.

You can modify tables by splitting or combining cells, adding and removing columns and rows, and painting. When working with large tables, you can set the display of the table header on each of the pages on which it is displayed. To avoid unintended breaks in the data flow in the table, you can specify where the page breaks should be.

Using table styles to format the entire table

After you create a table, you can format it using table styles. By hovering over one of the predefined table styles, you can see how the final table will look.

1. Click the table for which you want to format.

3. In the Table Styles group, place the mouse pointer over the table styles one by one until you find a suitable option.

9.2 Adding and removing borders

You can add or remove borders to give the table the look you want.

Adding borders to a table

In the Table group, click the Select button, and then click Select Table.

In the Table Tools group, click the Design tab.

In the Table Styles group, click the Borders button, and

Choose from one of the built-in border sets.

In the Borders and Fill group, click Borders and choose an option.

Removing borders in the entire table

In the Table Tools group, click the Layout tab.

In the Table group, click the Select button, and then click Select Table.

In the Table Tools group, click the Design tab.

In the Styles group, click the Borders button, and select the no border option.

Adding borders to individual cells

On the Start Page tab, in the Paragraph group, choose Hide / Unhide.

Select the required cells along with the cell end signs.

In the Table Tools group, click the Design tab.

In the Table Styles group, click the Borders button and select the type of border you want.

Removing borders in specific cells

On the Start Page tab, in the Paragraph group, choose Hide / Unhide.

Adding a line

Click a cell in the row above or below which you want to add a new row.

In the Table Tools group, click the Layout tab.

Perform one of the following actions.

To add a row above the selected cell, in the Rows and Columns group, click the Insert Above button.

To add a row below the selected cell, in the Rows and Columns group, click the Insert Below button.

Adding a column

Click a cell in the column to the right or left of where you want to insert the column.

In the Table Tools group, click the Layout tab.

Perform one of the following actions.

To add a column to the left of the selected cell, in the Rows and Columns group, click the Insert Left button.

To add a column to the right of the selected cell, in the Rows and Columns group, click the Insert button to the right.

Text editor is a program used specifically for entering and editing text data.

This data can be a program or a document or book. Editable text is displayed on the screen, and the user can make his own changes in the dialog mode.

Text editors can provide a variety of functions, including:

· Editing lines of text;

· The ability to use different character fonts;

· Copying and transferring part of the text from one place to another or from one document to another;

· Assignment of arbitrary line spacing;

· Automatic numbering of pages;

· Processing and numbering of footnotes;

· Creation of tables and construction of diagrams, etc.

3. Enable transfer mode words. Set alignment in width.

4. To correct the mistakes made a) by automatic means; b) correcting every word.

5. Provide autocorrect abbreviations MS for Microsoft Word.

6. Implement word replacement"Editor" to "processor".

7.In footer insert your last name, document name, current date, ensuring that it is updated when printed.

8. Display document in mode preview.

9. Create macro with the name "List", which creates a bulleted list and operates on the press of a key Ctrl + P.

10. Divide the document into two pages, indicating page numbering ( Ctrl + Enter).

11.For the entered list, set one and a half line spacing (Format / Paragraph / Interline ...)... For the paragraph “ Text editors... "set the interval before the paragraph to 12 pt. Hide paragraph text... Cancel hiding text.

12. Place an arbitrary picture at the beginning of the text.

13. Word " editor"in the main text, make it bold, underline with a double wavy line, highlight in green ( Format / Font / Underline).

14.Insert initial cap at the beginning of the text.

15. Define in the text number of signs(with spaces).

16. Apply a two-column layout to the typed text.

17. Insert a non-breaking space in B. Gates's initials.

18. Insert the page numbers ( Insert / Page Numbers).

19.Set mirrored margins for the document (File / Page Setup ...).

20. Save password file.

Task 3.4.2

1. Insert a picture of any animal or bird into the document (set RMB Object Format / Position / Contour).

2. Set the following parameters for the picture: height - 5 cm, width - 6 cm; border: line thickness - 2.25, line color - brown, fill color - light brown; wrap around.

3. At the bottom of the picture, insert an inscription and enter the text with the name of the picture, font size - 14, sparse - 1.7, bold.

4. Using various types of callouts, describe the shape shown in the picture. (Autoshapes ...).

5. Combine drawing and inscriptions into a single graphic group.

6. Copy the resulting graphic object into a new document.

Task 3.4.3 Design Lists

Dial the following list: Computer components. System unit. Monitor. Keyboard. Mouse. Software. System programs. Programming languages. Application programs. Computer networks. Local area networks. Global networks.

Copy it two more times and arrange it with three different types of lists using the technologies below.

Bullet design

1.1 Select the entire first list.

1.2. Execute the command: Format / List / Bulleted(Select marker option) / Change / Font / Size(select 16) / Inscription(select Bold) / OK / OK.

1.3 Select the first sublist.

Run command: Format / List / Bulleted(Select marker option) / Edit / Marker Position / Indent(select 0,5 cm)/ Text Position / Indent(select 1,1 cm)/ Font / Size 12 / OK / OK.

1.4. Repeat item 1.3 for the second and third sub-lists.
You should get the following:

Ø Computer components.

· System unit.

· Monitor.

· Keyboard.

Ø Software.

· System programs.

· Programming languages.

· Application programs.

Ø Computer networks.

· Local area networks.

· Global networks.

Numbered list design

2.1.Select the line "Computer components".

2.2 On the toolbar in the window Style, where the word is visible Normal, install Heading 1.

2.3. Repeat clause 2.2 for the lines "Software" and "Computer networks".

2.4 Select all.

2.5 Execute the command: Format / List / Numbered / Roman numerals / Change / Font / Size 14 / Style / Bold / OK / OK.

2.6. Select the first sublist, release the button on the toolbar Numbering.

2.7. Repeat item 2.6 for the second and third sub-lists.
You should get the following:

I. Computer components.

System unit.

Keyboard.

II. Software.

System programs.

Programming languages.

Application programs.

III. Computer networks.

Local area networks.

Global networks.

3) Layering a multilevel list

3.1. Select the line "Computer components".

3.2. On the toolbar, select Format / Styles and Formatting/ in the window Style, where the word is visible Normal, install Heading 1.

3.3. Repeat paragraph 3.2 for the lines "Software" and "Computer networks".

3.4 Select the first sublist. Set an option for it Heading 2.

3.5. Repeat paragraph 3.4 for the second and third sublists.

3.6. Execute the command: Format / List / Multilevel(select the label you want) / Change / Level 2 / Number Position / Left Align 1 cm / Text Position / Indent 2.5 cm / Font / Size 12 / Style / Normal.

You should get the following:

1. Computer components.

1.1. System unit.

1.2. Monitor.

1.3. Keyboard.

2. Software.

2.1. System programs.

2.2. Programming languages.

2.3. Application programs.

3. Computer networks.

3.1. Local area networks.

3.2. Global networks.

Assignment 3.4.4

1. Create the following table in several ways.

45,3
456,36
3,556

2. Align the numbers in the table with commas (do not use spaces).

Assignment 3.4.5

1. Create a table, setting the font size for the table heading to 12, and for the content - 11. Surnames and the size of the salary can be set arbitrarily.

2. Fill in the blank cells by inserting the required formulas:

Column 3 = 1% of salary;

Column 4 = 12% of salary - contributions to the Pension Fund;

Column 5 = Salary - Contributions.

3. Obtain the final data for columns 2-5 by means of automatic summing.

4. In column 1, sort the information alphabetically.

5. Align the information in the table vertically.

6. Design the border of the table: outer frame - 2.25, inner grid - 1.

7. Step down a few lines and insert a graph into the text according to the column data.

8. Make two copies of the table and convert one of the tables to text.

Assignment 3.4.6

1. Enter the following text using tabs for alignment:

Height Men Women

2. Convert text to table and add additional lines.

3. Format the table: change the height of the rows, and the width of the columns, alignment of the table, alignment of text in cells.

3.5 Additional exercises and tasks *