What is text formatting? Formatting characters and paragraphs in MS Word What is paragraph formatting.

Paragraph formatting options include:

1. padding values
2. tab stop values
3. text alignment
4. line spacing alignment

To apply formatting, just place the cursor anywhere in the paragraph to be formatted or select several paragraphs.

Using the ruler

The ruler, located at the top of the page, is divided into two areas: white - corresponds to the document text area, gray - indicates page margins.

Four indent markers allow you to set paragraph indents. To set the indent, just drag the corresponding marker to the desired location. For a better understanding of how markers work, drag them around and see what happens.

Right indent marker defines the distance from the entire text of a paragraph to the right margin.

Left indent marker sets the distance from the edge of the paragraph text to the left margin.

If a paragraph has a first line indent defined, the first line indent marker will move with the left indent marker, and the first line indent will remain the same relative to the paragraph text.

First line indent marker defines the indent for the first line only (red line). With this marker, you can make a ledge. To do this, the indent marker of the first line must be moved to the left of the left indent marker. In this case, the beginning of each paragraph formatted in this way will begin to the left of the body text of the paragraph.

The same operation can be performed using the protrusion marker. To do this, move this marker to the right of the indent marker of the first line of the paragraph. However, the result of what seems to be the same action can be different. What is the difference between indent and left indent?

When you move the left indent marker, the first line indent marker moves with it, keeping the difference between the indentation of the first line and the indentation of the remaining lines of the paragraph.

When you move the indent marker, the first line indent marker remains stationary, causing the difference between the indentation of the first line and the indentation of the rest of the text in the paragraph to change.

By placing the left indent marker under the indent marker, we remove the indent/indent of the first line.

The ruler can be used to control tab stops. What is tabulation?

When you press the "Tab" key, the cursor moves to a specific position.

By default, this is usually a multiple of 1.25 cm. The default tab stops are marked just below the ruler with gray serifs. In the left corner of the line of the upper ruler there is a button for setting various tabulation modes.

There are five tabulation modes in total:

1. Left alignment
2. Center alignment
3. Right alignment
4. Decimal alignment
5. vertical bar

To select the desired tab, click on the tab type button, while the alignment methods will change cyclically. When the desired tabulation is selected, left-click on the desired location of the top ruler. This will set a new tab stop and remove all default tab stops to the left. If there is a need to move the tab stop, then you need to move the corresponding tab marker with the mouse. To remove a tab, move the desired tab marker to the document area. You can use the keyboard shortcut Strl+Shift+N to remove all tab stops.

You can use the buttons on the Formatting toolbar to quickly apply indent, line spacing, and alignment options to a paragraph.

Using the Dialog Box

The "Paragraph" window ("Format" - "Paragraph") has all the parameters for formatting a paragraph.

To set the necessary formatting options, you must enter numerical values ​​in the appropriate fields of the window. The result of formatting will be visible in the bottom window "Sample".

To control the placement of paragraphs on pages, use the options provided on the Page Position tab.

The "Prohibition of orphan lines" option does not allow a paragraph to break at the border of two pages, if this leaves an orphan line on one of the pages.

The first or last line of a paragraph is called hanging if it is located at the very end / beginning of the page.

The "Don't Break Paragraph" option prevents a paragraph from breaking at the border of two adjacent pages.

The "Keep on Next" option prevents the page from breaking between the current paragraph and the paragraph following it.

The From New Page option inserts a forced page break before the paragraph.

The "Disable line numbering" option prevents the line numbers in a paragraph from being displayed when printed.

The "Disable automatic word wrapping" option prevents word wrapping when translating lines within a paragraph.

The Tabs dialog box allows you to set tab stops by entering numeric values, set or remove multiple tab stops, and select the type of placeholder for tab stops.

Sometimes it becomes necessary to copy the style of one paragraph and apply it to another. To do this, use the Format Painter button (Standard toolbar).

Position the cursor within the paragraph whose format you want to copy.

Click the Format Painter button.

Select the paragraph(s) to which you want to apply formatting.

To apply formatting to multiple pieces of text, double-click the "Format Painter" button and select the text to which you want to apply the format one by one. When finished, click on the "Format Painter" button, and the button will become inactive.

In conclusion, I will also say that there are many options for formatting characters and paragraphs. For their joint use are built-in formatting styles. But more on that later.

Format paragraphs in the editorWORD

A paragraph is a structural component of the text, usually logically connected and highlighted graphically, for example, in the form of indents. As you type, each time you press the Enter key, you create a new paragraph. The paragraph type setting determines its format, which is responsible for the placement of text on the page.

Setting (formatting) a paragraph implies:

* spacing to the right or left of a paragraph;

* paragraph line spacing;

* Alignment of paragraph lines relative to the left and right margins;

* indent or indent of the first line of a paragraph;

* spacing before and after a paragraph;

* Breaking a paragraph into pages.

First of all, starting to set up a paragraph, you need to be able to select it. To do this, do the following:

* Triple click the left mouse button on any word of the paragraph;

Use keyboard shortcuts:

* - selection from the location of the text input cursor to the beginning of the paragraph;

* - selection from the location of the text input cursor to the end of the paragraph.

Paragraph line alignment

By default, paragraph text is left-aligned. But documents are different, and alignment may also be required differently. For example, for university tests, width alignment is accepted.

In order to set the desired alignment of the lines of a paragraph, use one of the following methods:

Go to the "Home" tab, and then select the necessary paragraphs (the order does not matter).

In the Paragraph group, click one of the four available alignment buttons:

* "Left" - align the lines of the paragraph to the left;

* "Centered" - align the lines of the paragraph in the center (proportionately equidistant from the right and left edges);

* "Right" - align the lines of the paragraph to the right;

* "Fit Width" - align the lines of the paragraph both on the left and on the right margin. In this case, the text will visually “stretch” (fill the space of lines), and additional space will appear between words.

Select the paragraphs you need, and then use keyboard shortcuts:

* – alignment on the left edge;

* – center alignment;

* – alignment on the right edge;

* - alignment in width.

The most commonly used when formatting paragraphs is setting the first line indent. How many times have you seen how "experienced assistant secretaries" and representatives of other professions related to the creation of text electronic documents have no idea how to set a paragraph using the Word 2010 interface. Usually they use double or triple pressing the spacebar for this purpose , or, at best, a key . And although clicking this key visually sets an indent of 1.25 cm (0.5 inches) and everything looks “correct” on the surface - in general, this approach is not rational. There is no need to do the work for which the program for editing text documents was created. In addition, by using the "correct" paragraph formatting, you will save time later on a lot of unnecessary spacebar (or ). In the subsequent editing of the document, avoid the routine associated with restructuring the general appearance of the document.

Now let's look at how to adjust the indents, and you can do this visually (by eye) or exactly (by setting a certain value in the "Paragraph" window). Visual adjustment involves the use of a horizontal ruler, when you can quickly change the size of the indent, guided by the feeling of the desired size "by eye". Fine tuning allows you to set the indentation value in the units used in the document - it is worth using it when you know the size of the indentation value.

Visual setting of first line indent

To indent the first line of a paragraph, do the following:

1. Select the desired paragraphs;

2. On the horizontal ruler, move the cursor to the "First line indent" icon;

3. Click and hold the left mouse button, and then drag the icon along the ruler to the desired location.

1. Click the tab indicator button until the First Line Indent icon appears;

2. Click on the horizontal ruler where you want the first line to be indented.

Fine-tuning the indentation of the first line

1. Select the desired paragraphs;

2. Right-click on the selected fragment;

3. In the context menu (Fig. 1), select the "Paragraph" item (you will go to the "Paragraph" window);

4. On the "Indents and spacing" tab, in the "Indent" group in the "First line" column, set the desired indent value (default 1.25 cm).

1. In the open document window, go to the "Home" tab;

2. Select the desired paragraphs;

3. In the "Paragraph" group, click on the "Paragraph" button;

In rare cases, in addition to the usual indentation of the first line of a paragraph, a ledge is used. This technique is often used to design poetic prose and a number of works of art, in particular, magazine articles.

To create a ledge, do the following:

1. Select the desired paragraphs;

2. Click on the tab indicator button (fig. 3) until the "Protrusion" icon appears;

3. Click the horizontal ruler where you want the first line indent to end, and then enter the text for the first line of the paragraph. Now, starting on the second line, the text will start below the tab position on the horizontal ruler.

1. In the document, select the necessary paragraphs, and then go to the "Home" tab;

2. In the "Paragraph" group, click on the "Paragraph" button;

3. In the "Paragraph" window, on the "Indents and Spacing" tab, in the "Indent" group in the "First Line" column, select the value "Protrusion";

4. Set the desired value manually or with the knobs.

Sometimes you need to quickly adjust the position of a paragraph relative to the edges of the document. In particular, when it seems to us that the indent set for lists is too large, or the inserted images are too far from the left margin, and this spoils the overall look of the document. In this case, we can very quickly, on the fly, change the indent value, choosing the optimal one. To set the left indent for all lines of a paragraph by a given amount (a multiple of the standard), do the following:

1. Select the necessary paragraphs, and then go to the "Home" tab;

2. In the "Paragraph" group, click on the "Decrease Indent" and "Increase Indent" buttons. All lines of paragraphs will indent (or move to the side) from the left margin by 1.25 cm.

Note. Please note that each repeated click on these buttons shifts the lines of paragraphs by 1.25 cm. Do not get carried away, if you click too much on the button to reduce the indent, you will remove it altogether, and on the contrary, by constantly increasing the indent, you will ensure that the words completely disappear from view (more precisely, they will go beyond the edges of the visible area). To remove the first line indent for a paragraph, use the "Paragraph" window and select "None" in the "First line" field or enter zero in the "On" field. You can also use the Undo button on the Quick Access Toolbar to go back a few steps.

1. Select the necessary paragraphs;

2. On the horizontal ruler, move the mouse cursor over the Left Indent icon and, holding down the left button, move it to the desired position.

If you get confused when adjusting the indents, you can easily fix it by removing them, to do this, do the following:

1. Select the desired paragraphs;

2. On the Home tab, in the Paragraph group, click the Decrease Indent button.

1. Select the desired paragraphs;

2. On the horizontal ruler, click (and hold) the left mouse button on the Left Indent icon;

3. Drag it to its starting position on the ruler, at the level of the left margin.

Quick adjustment of padding on the right

It is also possible to quickly adjust the indent on the right. This is useful when you are typing text that should look like a block, such as when you are writing poetry, tanka, or poetic prose. In these cases, right-alignment gives the text a special look, also emphasizing its subject matter.

To quickly set the indent to the right, do the following:

1. Select the desired paragraphs;

2. On the horizontal ruler, click and hold the left mouse button on the Right Indent icon;

3. Drag it to the desired position on the ruler.

To remove the indent on the right, do the following:

1. Select the desired paragraphs;

2. On the horizontal ruler, click (and hold) the left mouse button on the Right Indent icon;

3. Drag it to its starting position on the ruler, at the level of the right margin.

Fine tune paragraph indentation

By default, paragraph lines start directly at the left margin and end at the right margin (if you fill the page with text, in one large paragraph, it will look like a page-sized text block). It is often necessary to specify the exact distance from the left margin, or from the end of lines to the right margin. In particular, this is necessary when you have clear requirements for the design of the work, in particular, the value of the indentation values. To do this, do the following:

1. Select the desired paragraphs;

2. Go to the "Home" tab and in the "Paragraph" group, click on the "Paragraph" button;

3. On the "Indents and Spacing" tab of the "Paragraph" window, in the "Indent" group, in the "Right" and "Left" items, set the desired value.

1. Select the desired paragraphs;

2. Go to the "Page Layout" tab and in the "Paragraph" group in the "Left Indent" and "Right Indent" lines, set the desired value.

To set the indent of the red line of a paragraph, you need to select the desired paragraph or several paragraphs, move the mouse pointer to the upper left marker on the scale bar, press the left mouse button and, without releasing it, drag the marker to the desired value of the indent of the red line of the paragraph along the scale bar. To set the indent of subsequent lines of a paragraph on the left, you need to select a paragraph or several paragraphs or put the cursor on the desired paragraph and move the mouse pointer to the middle left marker on the scale bar, press the left mouse button and, without releasing it, move to the desired indent along the ruler. If you need to change the indentation of the first and subsequent lines of a paragraph at the same time, then you need to select the paragraph or put the cursor on it and move the mouse pointer to the lower left marker, press the left mouse button and, without releasing it, drag the marker to the desired place along the ruler. To change the indent of all lines of a paragraph on the right, move the mouse pointer to the lower right marker on the scale bar, press the left mouse button and, without releasing it, drag the marker along the scale bar to the desired indent value on the right. To change the indent on the left of the red and subsequent lines of a paragraph, you can use the on-screen buttons Increase Indent or Decrease Indent on the Formatting toolbar. The easiest way to change the alignment of text on a page is to use the appropriate on-screen buttons on the Formatting toolbar. Document text can be aligned: 1. Left; 2. Center; 3. On the right edge; 4. By width - with this alignment, the spacing between adjacent words is selected automatically so that the text is aligned to the left and right edges at the same time. All paragraph formatting actions can be performed using the Paragraph dialog box, which is called by choosing the Paragraph command from the Format menu item or by choosing the Paragraph command from the program context menu. Let's take a closer look at the components of the Paragraph dialog box. Dialog window The paragraph has two tabs: 1. Indents and spacing; 2. Position on the page The main steps for formatting paragraphs are carried out using the tab Indents and spacing. Here, by selecting the appropriate command from the Alignment drop-down list, the user can change the paragraph text alignment, set the corresponding counters to the numerical values ​​of the indents to the right and left, the first and subsequent lines of the paragraph. Numeric offset values ​​are displayed in centimeters. So, for example, to set the indent of the first line of a paragraph (red line) to 1.5 cm, you must do the following: 1. Select a paragraph or put the cursor in it; 2. Call the dialog box Paragraph; 3. In the drop-down list First line, select the command Indent 4. In the counter located to the right of this list, enter a numerical value of 1.5 cm. After the numeric value in points. To change the line spacing of a paragraph, in the Line spacing drop-down list, select the criterion for setting the spacing between lines of text, and then, if necessary, enter the required numerical value in the Value counter. There are several criteria for setting the spacing between lines of text: 1. Single - i.e. line spacing corresponds to a value of 12 pt. 2. One and a half - i.e. line spacing corresponds to a value of 18 pt. 3. Double - i.e. line spacing corresponds to a value of 24 pt. 4. Minimum - the line spacing is selected automatically not less than a certain value entered in the counter on the right 5. Exactly - the line spacing, which is equal to the value entered in the counter on the right 6. Multiplier - the line spacing, which is equal to a single spacing multiplied by the number entered in counter on the right. At the bottom of the Paragraph dialog box, there is a sample box that displays any changes the user makes to the paragraph. By pressing the on-screen button Tabs in this window, the user calls up the dialog box of the same name, where he is prompted to set or change tab stops. If all characteristics of a paragraph set by the user satisfy it, then to apply them, it is necessary to press the on-screen button OK in the Paragraph dialog box, otherwise - Cancel. The Position on the page tab allows the user to specify some other paragraph options (prohibition of orphan lines, prohibition of line numbering, automatic hyphenation, etc.).

Formatting text in a text editor is the process of transforming the appearance of text to make it easier to read. Text formatting includes setting a number of parameters related to both the entire document and its individual parts - paragraph, line, page, etc. As an example, we will consider setting the basic formatting options in the most popular Word editor.

What is paragraph formatting?

Formatting a paragraph includes setting a paragraph indent ("red line"), spacing before and after a paragraph, spacing between lines in a paragraph, text alignment in a paragraph. In the Microsoft Word text editor, all these parameters can be set in the menu section Format / Paragraph or in the "Paragraph" item of the context menu called by pressing the right mouse button.

What is font formatting?

Font formatting involves more than just choosing the type and size of the font. In addition to this, you can set font style options (bold, italic, etc.), as well as special effects (strikethrough text, "shadow" effect, raise or lower text in relation to the standard level). In the main Word menu, this is the "Format / Font" section, in the context menu of the mouse - the "Font" item.

Setting page options

What is document formatting? This process is not limited to setting font and paragraph settings. An important element of preparing a document is also setting page parameters: page size and orientation (portrait or landscape), top, bottom, right and left margins. Page settings are set in the "File/Page settings" section of the menu.

I would like to believe that I managed to cover the topic: what is text formatting and you have no more questions left.

Paragraph formatting in Word. In any document, text formatting is indispensable. , we reviewed in the last lesson, now it's the turn to analyze the issue of formatting paragraphs in Word. The main semantic unit of the text is usually a paragraph. Therefore, alignment commands and formatting operations are designed to change the appearance of individual paragraphs. Without a paragraph, the text will not look nice, and it is not very suitable for reading. You must have convinced yourself of this? On sites where the text is a solid wall, eyes get tired very quickly. And no matter how interesting it may be, visitors stop reading it in mid-sentence and leave. That is why a competent web designer necessarily breaks the text into small paragraphs. Books written without paragraphs lose their appeal and most often remain unclaimed.

Therefore, paragraphs must be mandatory. In Word, there is an opportunity to make your work easier With paragraphs. For this you need to customize the text editor "for yourself."

Paragraph formatting inWord

Note

The paragraph formatting setting in Word is the same for all versions of the program, so you don’t have to worry about this.

For full formatting of a paragraph, use the dialog box "Paragraph ". Enter menu -Format , and select - Paragraph –

or right-click on the document field and select the item from the drop-down context menu Paragraph .

• In the opened window " Paragraph» tab « Indents and spacing » customize alignment paragraph

- Left side

– Centered

- Right side

– By width

• Drop Level you can set the semantic level of a paragraph in the overall structure of the text.
• Panel Indent defines the right and left margins of a paragraph relative to the right and left margins of the page.
• Drop First line you can set the presence and size of the "red line" (paragraph indent).
• Panel Interval allows you to set the gaps between paragraphs, as well as between the lines of this paragraph. Increased spacing between paragraphs often replaces paragraph indentation.

• Tab Position on the page is designed to format paragraphs that fall on the border between pages. Here you can prohibit tearing off one line from a paragraph, require that the paragraph be placed on one page entirely, “attach” the next paragraph to this one, or start a new page with the current paragraph.

Note:

With a window Paragraph it's very easy to format, but don't do it. It is useful for learning formatting techniques, but for practical work it is better not to use it.

Now let's look at more efficient ways to format paragraphs in Word.

There is a way - formatting paragraphs with a ruler . A lot of people don't use a ruler at all. But in vain - this is also quite a powerful tool in capable hands, and you will soon see for yourself.

Formatting a paragraph with a ruler

Ruler in Word not only provides information about document markup, but is also a powerful formatting tool. It allows you to control the margins and tab stops of the current paragraph. Paragraph boundaries are set by moving (dragging) special markers.

How to include a ruler inWord

In Word 2003 the ruler is included in the menu - View. You just need to check the box next to the entry Ruler .

AT Word 2007/2010 the ruler is also in the menu - View - Show and hide block - Ruler.

Note

1. The triangular marker located at the bottom left of the ruler (point up) sets the left border for all lines of the paragraph, except for the first.

1. An inverted triangular marker at the top left sets the line for the beginning of the first line of a paragraph and allows you to form a paragraph indent.

1. The square marker below the ruler is a control that is always located directly below the triangular marker on the left border of a paragraph. Dragging it moves both left border markers together, keeping their relative positions. This paragraph design can be used when formatting epigraphs, especially important fragments text, quotes and so on.

1. The triangular marker, located on the right, sets the right border of the current paragraph.

1. The ruler is also used to set tab stops . It will already be formatting paragraphs with tabs . Tab stops are used when a line consists of multiple fields, such as in a simple table. By default, tab stops are every half inch and are marked on the ruler with short vertical serifs.

1. The tab stop symbol is located on the left side of the ruler. It looks like " corner". By clicking on it, you can change the appearance of the tab character and, accordingly, the method of displaying the text.

The selected tab character is set by clicking on the ruler. In the future, its position can be changed by dragging. To remove a tab character it is dragged outside the ruler.

After setting the tab stop manually, all tab stops set by default and located before it are deleted, i.e. all your subsequent documents will be with this new paragraph formatting.

∟ Left-aligned tab position. The text is positioned to the right of the specified position, starting directly from that position;

┴ Center-aligned tab stop. The text is positioned symmetrically with respect to the specified position;

┘ Right-aligned tab stop. The text is placed to the left of the specified position, ending at the specified location;

Types of tab markers:

Character-aligned tab stop. Allows, for example, to arrange a column of numbers of different lengths so that the decimal points are located one below the other.

Note:

Use the keys to navigate between tab stops. TAB and BACKSPACE .

Here's how much new we learned today, and what is , and how include line in Word , and what is tab in Word . I hope that this new knowledge will be useful to you.