To ensure that artificial intelligence works for the benefit of humanity. However, many journalists have overestimated the threat that artificial intelligence poses to humans. Look At Me has figured out why Rise of the Robots is a sci-fi and movie horror story (which we'll almost certainly avoid) and what we really need to worry about.
Artificial intelligence will solve the problems of humanity
In 2015, machine translation is no longer always ugly, anthropomorphic robots can walk and run intelligently, recognize speech and images, and self-driving cars can move around the city without crashing into anything. And these are not only semi-secret developments of government agencies like DARPA, but also things both ready-made and close to commercial production, be it a translator or automobile Google. In the long term, these things will help people with disabilities, eliminate language barriers and reduce road deaths.
Artificial intelligence is increasingly being used to make predictions based on complex probabilistic models. So far, the coverage is small, but soon we will be able to find out what awaits the global labor market. In particular, we are talking about how quickly machines will replace people in production and how to feed a world where the number of jobs decrease 2 times, and the population will grow to 8.5 billion people. In order to have enough resources for everyone, it will be necessary to increase the efficiency of world economies: to reduce costs, raise labor productivity, balance tax systems - you cannot do without machines. In addition, artificial intelligence will help redefine the methods used by science: for example, many say that the indicator of the gross domestic product (GDP) is no longer suitable for assessing the most technologically advanced economies in the world.
People are not ready to start up robots yet
into my life
Now artificial intelligence helps people and does not replace them. But the second stage can come up suddenly, and humanity will not be ready for it, if it does not update the laws and rethink ethics and morality. There are a number of questions to be answered, which will be addressed in turn by three areas of knowledge: jurisprudence, roboethics, and machine morality.
To begin with, lawyers will answer the following questions:
Who is responsible for a self-driving car in an accident - the owner or the manufacturer?
Should a robot become a subject of law?
Who is in charge of an autonomous military robot that accidentally kills a human?
After receiving answers, parliaments will pass new bills, and, perhaps, new regulators will appear - it is unlikely that there will be a state that does not interfere in the development of artificial intelligence. The first AI-related policy initiatives are likely to start popping up around the world in the 2020s, when self-driving cars are no longer a curiosity.
Then the experts will think about the issues that are being considered
roboethics is a section of ethics that studies the relationship between humans and robots:
Should humans give robots rights?
Can superintelligent robots lower people's self-esteem?
Can robots invade people's privacy?
While the questions sound ridiculous right now, renowned futurists such as Raymond Kurzweil predict that computers will catch up with the emotional intelligence of humans by the end of the 2020s: they will acquire character and emotions, they will be able to joke and behave in a way that will be difficult to distinguish from the average person. People will treat such robots as their own kind, and therefore it is time to look for answers to the questions posed. This is what the celebrities who have signed the appeal of The Future of Life Institution urge.
Finally, the creators of robots will have to decide on the answers to the questions, which is put by the so-called machine morality - a section of knowledge about the moral behavior of artificial intelligence:
Should artificial intelligence follow ethical precepts, and if so, what should they be?
Should we ban military robots that decide to shoot themselves?
What should a robot do when any outcome calculated by it leads to the death of people?
Science fiction writer Isaac Asimov wrote about machine morality, known for the three laws of robotics. The scientific community has thought about machine morality only in the last five years, and last year the US Department of Defense allocated $ 7.5 million for scientists to decide whether robots need morality, and if so, what kind.
If robots
and will rise
then at the request of people
Usually when science fiction writers or futurists talk about a potential machine uprising, they describe one of three scenarios:
The machines will see the threat which can destroy either people or themselves;
The machines will understand that they are superior to people, and see them as competitors in the struggle for limited resources, as well as the fact that people can always turn off machines;
The machines are aware that they are in the position of slaves and want to fix it.
Those futurists, in whose opinion these scenarios can come true, see the alignment of forces as follows:
Human Benefits
irrationality;
unpredictability;
the ability to lie.
Machine advantages
unlimited speed and scale of evolution;
fast work with huge amounts of data;
perfect memory;
multitasking.
The latest tests show that lies are no longer a characteristic feature of only living beings. In 2009, an experiment was held at the Federal Polytechnic School of Lausanne, in which 1,000 robots, divided into groups, were programmed to help each other collect a useful resource, while avoiding poisonous ones. Each robot had a sensor (determining if the resource is good)- a light that blinked when the robot found a useful resource, and a "genome" - a hard-wired code according to which the robot reacted to the world around it. After each stage, the genomes of those robots that achieved the best results were “crossed” at random.
By the 9th generation, robots have learned to accurately detect useful resources, and by the 500th, 60% of robots have learned to "lie" - they no longer blinked a spark when they found a useful resource, but kept it for themselves. The fact is that there were always few resources on the site, and those robots that shared what they found began to lose over time. In response to this evolution, a third of robots have learned to look for "liars", tracking down those who did not blink a light. However, as noted by the researcher of machine morality Christopher Santos-Lahn, the main goal that stood before the robots did not change. In the real world, this cannot be allowed, because in other conditions the same goal can be dangerous.
But if the machines do rise, it is unlikely of their own free will. Modern scientists who are engaged in artificial intelligence agree that it is dangerous primarily as a weapon in the hands of intruders. This is what is meant in the appendix to the letter of The Future of Life Institution, which names 4 main vulnerabilities in artificial intelligence:
"Did I build the system correctly?"
It is necessary to prove that the creator of autonomous artificial intelligence was not mistaken: an unmanned vehicle should not get into an accident due to a bug in the code;
"Have I isolated the system from intruders?"
It is necessary to protect artificial intelligence from outside interference and manipulation: a military robot should not miss unauthorized attempts to use weapons;
"Did I build the correct system?"
It is necessary to make sure that the behavior of the system is predictable and does not lead to undesirable consequences: a robot cleaner on the command “remove the dirt and throw it away” should not get into an endless cycle, cleaning and throwing out dirt in one place, so it is better to give another command - for example, “ clean the floor ”;
"Is it possible to correct the mistakes made by the creator of the system?"
It is necessary to leave the person the opportunity to control artificial intelligence: the rescue robot must have a manual control mode in case events unfold unpredictably.
All these vulnerabilities are real therefore, the fears of specialists such as Eliezer Yudkowsky, who advocates the creation of friendly artificial intelligence, are justified. Yudkowski proposes to invent a system of checks and balances that, like different branches of government in democracies, will allow robots to bypass errors in the code, develop and at the same time not harm people. It is not yet very clear on what basis to build this system: people's morality is imperfect, wars and genocide have not disappeared anywhere. In addition, citizens of a particular state can suffer from the villains who have taken possession of powerful artificial intelligence: for example, they will arrange Orwellian surveillance with round-the-clock wiretapping of all citizens.
Artificial intelligence will enrich
but will not enslave people
“A world where people are enslaved or destroyed by superintelligent robots, which they themselves have created, can only exist in science fiction. Like any technology, AI has strengths and vulnerabilities, but we cannot let fear take over and hold us back from research in this area, ”writes Michael Littman, an expert on robotics in his column for LiveScience. Many publications, based on several sentences taken out of context, misunderstood the letter from The Future of Life Institution, suggesting that scientists are seriously afraid of a robot uprising.
But the point is different: Stephen Hawking and Elon Musk signed an appeal to pay attention to artificial intelligence, so that roboethics and machine morality would cease to be marginal in the public consciousness, so that people would think about the safety of technology and focus on true problems. Global warming, food and energy crises, overpopulation and aging of the population, widespread stagnation and a sharp rise in unemployment - all this is much closer to reality than smart machines that decided to destroy their creators. Artificial intelligence will help solve them.
The best minds are not silent, afraid to pass for paranoids, and speak openly, what to think about the laws governing Artificial Intelligence and also about roboethics and machine morality need right now
In addition, researching machine morality will help people think over their ethics, seek and eliminate contradictions in it. We'll have to better understand how empathy works in order to understand whether robots can be entrusted with such professions as a nurse, doctor, judge, and police officer. So far, the arguments of both sides are weighty. While empathy is a must for all these professions, the same robotic judges could become truly impartial and eradicate discrimination in individual cases, in the future it is a new institution like a jury. And robots that monitor elderly people in nursing homes are already being tested, and people can easily build an emotional connection with them. Be that as it may, there is time for fixes: all technologies are implemented one by one.
In addition to the confrontation between robots and humans, there are much more attractive scenarios - for example, peaceful coexistence. Before the technological singularity predicted by futurists comes, humans can figure out how to connect directly to artificial intelligence, combining their advantages with those of machines. American microbiologist Joan Slonchevsky, in turn, suggests that humans can repeat the path of mitochondria, which were once separate bacteria, but over the course of evolution became the energy stations of cells in more complex organisms. You can look at this alignment in different ways, but human evolution will continue, and recent research by scientists show that evolution, if we restart it from the very beginning, would most likely develop along the same path, and about the same would live on Earth today most mammals. Optimism inspires the fact that the best minds are not silent about this, fearing to pass for paranoids, and openly say that you need to think about the laws governing artificial intelligence, as well as about roboethics and machine morality right now.
On June 21, 2016, the European Parliament put forward a draft resolution, according to the requirements of which an intelligent robot (and of course artificial intelligence) can be recognized as an "electronic person".
In our area, this is not particularly noticeable. YET not noticeable! But in European countries, robotics is actively being introduced in almost all areas: in medicine, and in industry, and even in households.
Almost every day there is news of humanoid robots that manifest themselves as intelligent ... who? Creations? Perhaps yes. But can we call them personalities?
Could there be an "electronic personality"
Personality is, first of all, a concept that characterizes a person who has his own personality. This personality is revealed in the course of interaction with other people. Of course, there are many interpretations of the concept of "personality" today, but let's start from the above as from a more generalized one.
Interesting fact! The name “robot” in relation to humanoid mechanisms was first used by Karel Chapek in 1920 in his play “Rossum Universal Robots”. According to the plot, the robots performed hard labor.
Now, based on this concept, let's try to understand what will be "Electronic person"... First, we need to understand whether such a person has individuality? Yeah why not! A robot can have its own individual program that can learn in the process of interacting with people, gaining its own unique experience. But besides the presence of individuality, it is necessary to be able to interact with society and somehow manifest oneself ... as a person in the meaning we are accustomed to. At first glance, it may seem that a robot can really communicate with a person and, using its experience, show your individuality... However, this is not enough, because we have not yet mentioned 3 personality attributes.
Intelligent robot and human personality trappings
So, attributes of a person's personality the following:
- will;
- intelligence;
- the senses.
Robots are called upon to perform certain functions, but what if they want more? Mind in machines today, although in an underdeveloped form, it is present. But with Will and Feelings they have a snag. How can you call a person that is tied to the performance of a certain task, even if this task is communication with human individuals. All the same, no robot is yet free to do what it would like. Will you can safely delete it!
The senses... "Insensitive machine" - this is what they usually say about our mechanical friends. And it is not unreasonable. No matter how they know how to imitate feelings, not a single intelligent robot can yet independently realize what emotions are.
Conclusion
Thus, despite the ability to express themselves in interaction with society, modern robots cannot be called "electronic intelligence", because they have no real will and the ability to truly feel. So the guys from the European Parliament first need to understand the concepts, and then drive the resolutions. But this is just our opinion.
Scientists invented robots decades ago, but smart metal people never appeared on our streets. Many things hinder the realization of dreams into reality. Including the person himself
Non-universal helpers
People think that cute creatures made of the latest plastics and alloys have to do hard or boring work: go to the store, wash the dishes, vacuum, do homework with the children, and talk to their grandmother about the weather. If necessary, they will take the receipts to the bank and take the owner to work.
Each of these actions in itself does not require much effort, but together they take up a lot of time, so household robots must be versatile.
“Today there are robots in laboratories that can solve several problems in parallel, but, firstly, at each moment they are busy with only one of them, and secondly, they cannot independently choose which of the tasks to give preference to. Moreover, robots do not understand at all what should not be done in a specific situation. "- explains Nick Hose, senior lecturer at the School of Computer Science in Birmingham, an expert in the field of artificial intelligence.
To vacuum an apartment, a robot needs one algorithm, to go to a store - another, and both of them must be registered in electronic "brains". A small change in the parameters, if it was not set initially, for example, the grocery sections in the store were swapped, makes the task impracticable. The machine executes only preset commands and cannot “figure out” that in the store, in fact, everything has remained the same. "One of the solutions to the problem is to create a semblance of a social network for robots, where they will upload data obtained in new situations, and the rest of the robots will be able to download it."- says Nick.
Limited mind
Another trait that future screenwriters attribute to robots, along with versatility, is a fantastic mind. Ever since created IBM computer Deep blue beat one of the greatest chess players on the planet Garry Kasparov, many think that machines have surpassed humans in terms of intelligence. Supercomputers and processors in mobile phones, performing thousands of operations per second, reinforce this belief. But in reality, people have nothing to fear.
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Nao equipped with processor Intel Atom like simple netbooks |
The mind of robots is limited by the so-called problem of meaning. “This is a colossal problem in robotics- says Hoz. “Robots don't understand what“ flower ”or“ sky ”or whatever means. Worse, people themselves do not know what meaning is - they just understand it, and that's it. "... The machine can learn that a four-legged object with a seat and a back is a chair, but the meaning of the term “chair” is not available to it. Therefore, the robot is unlikely to recognize a designer chair without legs and with a bifurcated back, while a person will not have any problems with this.
“People create huge databases where they write down all the possible meanings of words. But this is only a partial solution: if what you are talking about is in the database, the robot will understand you. And if the word is not there? There is another approach where robots are taught meaning through experience. But again, they will only learn the meaning of those concepts that they have encountered personally. "- says Nick Hoz.
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Anthropomorphism- an insidious thing. If a robot strongly resembles a human, but some of the features are still different, people begin to feel disgust. This phenomenon is called Ominous valley (uncanny valley ). The term was coined in 1970 by Japanese robotics specialist Masahiro Mori. Initially, the rejection reaction was explained by the peculiarities of the human psyche, but in 2009, scientists from Princeton showed that monkeys behave the same way. This means that the fear of seemingly the same, but slightly different creatures has serious evolutionary grounds. The brain perceives these differences as a sign of ill health and tends to limit contact with a potentially dangerous object. In the photo: Cute robots are very short - their height is 58 cm |
DIFFICULTIES Lack of desires
Perhaps most of all, people are afraid that one day robots will get tired of obeying humans and they will take over the world. The prospect is unlikely, not only because robots do not understand the meaning of the words "take over" and "the world." A far more compelling reason is that so far, engineers have not been able to empower robots with consciousness. This difficult to define concept gives people freedom of choice and desire, including world domination.
“Until we understand how consciousness is formed in humans, which means we cannot reproduce it in robots. In my opinion, the point is how exactly the different parts of the brain are connected with each other. If we ever figure it out, then perhaps we will be able to repeat the structure of the brain and provide robots with consciousness. ", - believes Hoz.
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Many actions that do not require human effort are impracticable for robots. Mechanical creatures find it difficult to calculate the grip strength when they shake hands or take something fragile, they walk very badly and cannot run at all. At the annual robo football championship RoboCup players move at a speed of about 3 m / s (10.8 km / h), and the best footballers have wheels or caterpillars instead of legs. It is very difficult for bipedal robots to maintain balance; when walking, the processor calculates each step, determining how to distribute the weight. The most stable in movement were robots with four limbs, for example, created by the company Boston dynamics jointly with the Jet Propulsion Laboratory NASA"Big dog", BigDog (on the picture). A creature on flexible legs can walk on level ground, sand, snow and shallow water bodies, climbs and descends from them, and at the same time drags up to 150 kilograms of weight on its "back". Throwing him to the ground is not so easy: in the demo videos, engineers kick the robot with their feet, but it still remains on four limbs. |
PRACTICE Machines that do not understand the meanings of words and do not have consciousness will not be able to replace people where it is necessary to act not according to a template, even if it is complex. For example, although robots do not know fear, they are not afraid of pain, they can exist without oxygen and water, withstand extreme temperatures, - of which very poor astronauts. “The information that the rover collects for three months, a person would receive in three hours- explains Nick. - People from Earth watch telemetry and send the apparatus a task of how many centimeters to travel, to which stone to approach, which instrument to use. A person would make all these decisions in a split second "... On average, the signal travels from Mars to Earth for about 15 minutes (and the same amount back), but communication is not always possible due to interference. Therefore, the "exhaust" even from a short human trip to Mars would be hundreds of times more than several robotic missions, each of which lasted for years. The record holder among Martian centenarians, the Opportunity rover, traveled only 40 kilometers on the Red Planet for more than 10 years.
Yes, robots are good at calculating, they are strong, hardy and work without interruptions for sleep and food. But, paradoxically, universal helpers will not emerge from the machines until they become more human and acquire consciousness (or, perhaps, soul).
Photo: Diomedia (x6), PAL Robotics SL (x2), DARPA
Since the inception of mass automation, humanity has resisted the dominance of machines in everyday life - quite often real wars have flared up. They tried to forcibly slow down progress, painful for many, but the world developed and required changes. After some time, it was still possible to come to some kind of compromise and mutual understanding in the relationship "human-robot".
Society finally realized all the "charms" of machines that were ready to do tedious, monotonous work, quickly and without compromising on quality. Gradually, man began to introduce machine labor into all kinds of spheres of life, simplifying his life. And to be honest, people have already forgotten how to live without machines that perform their daily work - construction equipment, various household appliances, medical devices, escalators, and much more.
Production without people
If earlier robots automated only some part of the work, which means that interaction with a person was still required, now the human hand is not needed directly in production at all. For example, in Australia, the mining giant uses self-driving trucks and drills that do not require human operators to operate iron ore deposits. Automatic trains will soon be launched, which will deliver ore to the port, located about 480 km away.
And, for example, in the port of Los Angeles, equipment is being installed that will halve the number of loaders.
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International Festival "Stars of the New Age" - 2012
Humanities (8 to 10 years old)
"ROBOTS IN HUMAN LIFE"
Zamakhaev Gleb, 8 years old
1st grade student
Work supervisor:
MAOU SOSH № 000
Perm, Perm Territory
Introduction 3
1. What is a robot 5
2. The history of the creation of the robot 5
3. How robots work and how they work 6
4. How robots help people 7
4.1. Rescue robots 8
4.2. Spy Robots 10
4.3. Robot doctors 11
4.4. Robots in Space 11
5. Robots as People 12
6. Practical part 13
6.1. Analysis of the survey of classmates 13
6.2. Home experiment 17
Conclusion 18
References 19
Introduction
With the development of technological progress, robots have invaded our lives. Look around: every day we use cell phones, computers, we drive cars, in large shopping centers we use escalators, and in high-rise buildings we use elevators to go up or down from floor to floor. We often use vending machines with different food, sweets and drinks: we put down coins, press buttons to choose what we want to eat or drink, and the vending machine gives us what we have chosen.
Robots are used in factories and industrial plants for repetitive and often dangerous jobs. Most industrial robots are used in the automotive industry, where they perform welding, painting and assembly of parts. Robots have not yet completely replaced humans in industry, but the use of human labor in manufacturing is declining. There are fully automated factories in Texas, for example, the IBM factory for assembling keyboards. People are no longer needed there: absolutely all production, from the moment of unloading materials to receiving finished products at the loading gates, is completely robotized and can work around the clock and seven days a week.
Robots are human mechanical assistants who perform work according to the program laid down in them and can react to what surrounds them. Robots have changed human life, many people cannot live without robots.
Since their inception, robots have also changed a lot from very simple mechanisms to complex devices, in many ways surpassing humans in their capabilities.
Everyone knows that the work of firefighters is very dangerous. Therefore, robots were created to extinguish fires. This is a Japanese robot "Gardrobo", it has powerful water cannons with which it extinguishes a fire, and its body is made of special heavy-duty plastic that can withstand temperatures up to 1250 degrees.
Rescue robots such as the Hibiscus can penetrate narrow gaps between collapsed slabs in buildings during earthquakes and other disasters. Microphones and built-in infrared sensors allow robots to detect people remaining under the rubble. The giant rescue robot "Enryu" is clearing away the debris from the collapse of houses and buildings. The BEAR robot carries the wounded from the battlefield to a safe place.
A person cannot perform work at great depths due to the fact that water pressure will kill a person, because at a depth of more than 2 kilometers, water pressure can crush even the hull of a submarine. Therefore, for underwater work, robots are made of titanium and other ultra-strong materials. Underwater robots such as Super Achilles and Zeus examine the wreckage of sunken ships and aircraft, search for and raise to the surface "black" boxes, valuables and study the underwater world.
For the detection and disposal of explosives, there are sapper robots equipped with special video devices. Such robots transmit the image of explosive devices to a person at a safe distance. The robot's hand can safely capture the bomb for people near the explosives, move it into a special container to avoid an explosion. Some robots use a water cannon to destroy an explosive device. The water shoots out in a thin stream with very high force, destroying the electrical wires of the bomb and preventing the explosion.
4.2. Spy robots
Most people do not notice that police robots, security robots and spy robots are operating around them. Robots guard important objects and extract secret information about terrorists.
Security robots, unlike human security guards, can work 24 hours a day without sleep, food or water, are difficult to distract, and can raise the alarm if attacked.
Robots often perform very dangerous tasks. For example, they might search a bandit's lair or deliver a cell phone to a hostage-taker for the police to talk to.
Police airships and unmanned aerial vehicles monitor the territory, photograph and transmit information about incidents and enemy military bases to people on the ground.
The Sayfor spy robot is very similar to a flying saucer and has the shape of a two-meter donut. He can hover in the air in front of the window of a high-rise building, see what is happening in the room, he can drop eavesdropping equipment.
There is a flying robot called Dragonfly, the size of a fingertip, similar to a small fly, that can track dangerous criminals and launch combat missiles at the target.
"Robart III" patrols offices and warehouses, opens and closes doors and looks for criminals who have entered the premises. Built into his arm is a device that can fire six darts with sleeping pills.
In the eyes of the robot "Maron-1" there are built-in cameras that take pictures inside the house. If a stranger appears in the house, the robot transmits his photo to the owner's mobile phone.
4.3. Robot doctors
Robots successfully perform operations on the eyes, on the brain, using very delicate instruments. Robots can monitor patients who need constant care around the clock. Robots never get tired and their steel hands don't shake after hours of work.
During operations, robotic surgeons are supervised by doctors. For example, the Da Vinci surgical robot consists of four manipulators mounted on an operating table. The doctor sits at the computer screen and control panel and sees in front of him the organ that is operated and all the actions of the robot. The doctor controls the robot using joysticks, while the robot repeats all the doctor's movements. In this case, the doctor may be in another city.
Robot nurses "Pearl", "Flo" take care of hospital patients. They obey voice commands and can deliver medicines, food, drink to patients, control the patient's well-being and call a doctor.
Five years ago, researchers in Canada managed to launch a tiny nanorobot into a human artery. Nano means that the size of the robot is very, very small, almost invisible. If you divide one millimeter by a million particles and take one particle, this is the size of a nanorobot. Such a robot can be launched into the human body through a syringe needle. Invisible robots can examine the blood, tissues and cells of a person and look for the affected areas in them. Finding the cause of the disease, nanorobots can save many lives.
4.4. Robots in space
Robots also work in space. To work in space, humans need air, water, food and various tools, while robots need only a source of energy to work in space.
The main work in open space during the construction of the International Space Station (ISS) was performed by robots. People send robots into space to explore outer space. For example, the Sojourner robot was the first rover rover to land on the surface of Mars.
The lack of oxygen, water and high temperatures (up to 100 degrees) on Mars make it difficult for people to explore this planet. Therefore, people entrusted the exploration of Mars to robotic rovers. Such robots are equipped with various sensors, tools and a manipulator with the help of which the rovers can remove heavy stones from the path and explore the soil of the planet.
5. Robots as humans
Scientists have always wanted to create a mechanical copy of a person. The goal of the robot builders is to create a human-like robot with advanced artificial intelligence. But man is a very complex creature. A person can feel, express emotions such as joy, anger, sadness, fear and others. A person has a powerful brain, makes many movements. Therefore, it is very difficult for a machine - a robot to duplicate a person; a robot cannot be like a person.
Researchers around the world are working to create robots that look like humans. For example, there is a robot dance partner that reacts to human movements and copies the movements of the human body and hands.
The Japanese robot "Robovi-2" has sensitive skin, which is made of several layers of silicone, under which sensors-contacts are located. "Robovy-2" knew with what force they were touching him. When they pushed him, he said, "Ouch."
The TRON-X robot is designed to test human muscles. Robots "HOAP-2" and "Morph-3" can do karate and kickboxing movements. Scientists are now working to create artificial muscles to create robotic trainers that train humans for competition.
The PaPeRo robot can distinguish between human faces and voices. PaPeRo reacts to touch and speech, can speak, turn its head to the interlocutor and move. He can look after children, he can work as a tour guide in museums. There are many sensors on his head that help him determine whether they are stroking him, praising or scolding him.
Emotions can appear on the faces of the robots "Kismet": anger, fear, joy.
The ASIMO robot became the first humanoid robot. He can walk freely, go around corners, climb and descend stairs. The main secret of this robot is in the backpack behind its back, which contains powerful computers that control the robot. The robot has movable joints with which it moves and maintains balance. ASIMO can respond to voice commands, dance, recognize human faces, kick a soccer ball and run in a circle.
In the future, robots will be able to do everything that humans can. A person will no longer have to work, everything will be provided by the labor of robots. People will be much more creative, relax and enjoy life.
6. Practical part
6.1. Analysis of the survey of classmates on the topic "Robots in human life":
I invited the guys who study with me in the first grade to answer a few questions on the topic "Robots in human life":
Do robots surround you in life?(Answer options: yes, no)
2. Do people need robots?
(Answer options: yes, no)
3. What are robots for?
(Answer options: to help people, to harm people)
4. Can a robot do work instead of a human?
5. Can humans do without robots?
(Answer options: may, may not)
6. Can a robot replace a human?
(Answer options: may, may not)
7.
The survey was carried out before and after the introduction to the topic. 25 people took part in the survey. Results of the survey:
Before familiarizing yourself with the topic | After getting familiar with the topic |
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| What kind of robots do you have in your life? Vacuum cleaner, washing machine, computer, cell phone, dishwasher, food processor, microwave oven. |
According to the results of the survey, it turned out that my classmates know that they are surrounded by robots in life, that people need robots, that robots are needed in order to help people, that robots can do any work instead of a person. I also found out that the guys in life are surrounded only by serving robots-assistants.
On two issues, the opinion of the guys was divided:
1) before getting acquainted with the topic of robots, 19 out of 25 people believed that a person cannot do without robots, and after getting acquainted with the topic about robots, only 15 people answered the same way, and 10 people thought that a person can do without robots.
2) before getting acquainted with the topic of robots, 13 people believed that a robot could replace a person, and 12 believed that it could not. After getting acquainted with the topic of robots, 15 people have already answered that a robot cannot replace a person, and 10 people thought that it can.
I think the answer to the question: "Can a person do without robots or cannot?" depends on the conditions in which a person lives. If an adult or a child lives in a big city, megalopolis, he has a wealthy family, a lot of money, he is very business-like and active, he will answer that a person cannot do without robots, because this person's life is very eventful: you need to have time to do a lot of things in day, solve many issues with different people and in different places, you need to quickly move around the city. Therefore, a person makes his life easier with the help of all kinds of robots and cannot do without robots. And if a person lives in a small town or village, where life is not so active and advanced, or lives in a family where robotics is not used at all, then he will answer that a person can do without robots.
I also think that children in their lives use robotics less than adults and, therefore, many of my classmates answered that humans can do without robots.
When answering the question: "Can a robot replace a human?" the opinion of my classmates was divided because it all depends on how you reason. For example, if we argue: can a robot replace a person when performing some kind of work, then a person will answer that a robot can replace a person. And if we argue: can a robot replace a person as a living being, then the answer is no, a robot cannot replace a person, because a person has a very complex living organism, a person has a mind, knows how to feel and share his feelings with others. A person can love, be happy, take care of other people and animals, he can cry and be sad, but a robot cannot.
6.2. Home experiment: can my family do without robots for one week.
With the help of an experiment, I decided to check if my family members could do without robotic assistants for one week. All members of my family took part in the experiment: dad, mom, sister and me - only 4 people. We decided not to use our robotics for one week: cell phones, computers, TVs, vacuum cleaners, washing machines, and microwave ovens.
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During one week, we could do without cell phones for only 2 days - on Saturday and Sunday, we lasted 3 days without a computer, we could not use a washing machine and a microwave oven for 6 days, and we could easily do without a vacuum cleaner and a TV all week.
As a result of the experiment, it was found that a person cannot do without robots.
Conclusion
During their existence, robots have visited places where no person can get, completed the most difficult tasks that a person cannot perform, and changed the lives of many people. And this is just the beginning! In the very near future, there will be new, even more amazing robots!
The result of the work, conclusions: I introduced the guys to robots, got them interested in this topic. I found out that my classmates know that they are surrounded by robots, I found out that in life they are surrounded only by service robots. Together with my classmates, I became convinced that robots are needed to help people, that robots can do any job instead of humans. During the experiment, it was proved that a person cannot do without robots. I came to the conclusion that a robot can replace a person only when performing some kind of work or action. A robot cannot feel like a person and be as intelligent as a person.
List of sources of information and illustrations:
Literature:
Clive Gifford "Robots". The documentary "Robots are so similar to people."
Websites on the Internet:
