Manufacturer Nokia
Nokia is a Finnish multinational company with the full official name Nokia Oyj. This is a leading company specializing in the creation of flexible communication technologies, the supply of equipment for IP networks of various types: fixed, broadband and mobile. Nokia is famous for its smartphones and cell phones. According to the information of 2007, the company ranks first in the world in the production of mobile phones.The company was born in 1865, its founder is Frederic Idestam, a mining engineer by education. The company originated as a paper mill, it began to create electronics only in the 80s of the last century. In 1989, Nokia created and sold GSM network equipment to the Finnish operator Radiolinija, and in 1992 the company created the Nokia 1011 GSM phone, the company's first mobile phone. In 1994, Nokia's president, Jorma Ollila, formulated the company's strategic direction: moving from its previous activities to the telecommunications technology business.
In 2006, Nokia entered the list of famous world companies and took 20th place in this list compiled by Fortune magazine. Few have achieved such results. The result achieved by Nokia was the best among the results of the telecommunications business, it was the fourth most successful company in this business located outside of America.
Nokia cell phones and smartphones are of interest to the consumer due to their corporate design, convenient and accessible interface, high reliability and high-quality assembly.
*manufacturer's country refers to the country in which the brand was founded and is headquartered
About Nokia
Nokia Corporation is a Finnish multinational communications corporation. The company's headquarters is located in Espoo, a satellite city of the capital of Finland - Helsinki. Nokia is engaged in the production of mobile devices, as well as equipment for mobile, fixed, broadband and IP networks. Nokia has about 132,000 employees in 120 countries around the world. Nokia is the world's largest mobile phone manufacturer, with a global mobile market share of 31% in the fourth quarter of 2010, up from about 30% in the third quarter of 2010, but up from about 35% in the fourth quarter of 2009. Sales area includes more than 150 countries, Nokia's global annual revenue is more than 42 billion, operating income - ? 2 billion as of 2010.
Nokia activities
Nokia manufactures mobile devices for all major market segments and protocols, including GSM, CDMA and W-CDMA (UMTS). Nokia offers internet services such as apps, games, music, maps, media and messaging through the Ovi platform. Nokia's products are mobile phones, smartphones, equipment for GSM networks, wireless communication systems, GPS navigators, Internet tablets, netbooks. In addition, Nokia and Nokia subsidiary Siemens Networks are working in the direction of the production of telecommunications equipment and IT solutions. Nokia is also involved in providing free digital mapping information and navigation services through its subsidiary Navteq.
History of Nokia
Nokia's history dates back to 1865, when Finnish engineer Knut Fredrik Idestam founded a small paper mill in Tampere, southwest Finland, which was named Nokia Ab in 1871. Subsequently, Finnish Rubber Works took control of the company. At the same time, it gained control of the Finnish Cable Works cable factory. As a result of the merger of three companies, one company was obtained, and in accordance with the then Finnish legislation and legal nuances, it received its name from the smallest, i.e. Nokia Ab.
Since the merger, Nokia Ab has been active in five business areas such as rubber, cable and electronics, wood processing and power generation. Later, the production of hunting rifles, plastics and chemical materials was added to these activities. In the 1980s of the last century, Nokia took the development and production of radio electronics as its main activity. In those days, this was an extremely promising line of production, however, even then there was serious competition. Nokia has found its niche in the field of radio communications and has reached unprecedented heights in this direction. In the mid-1990s, the company made mobile communications a priority, which allowed it to reach 39% of the mobile phone market by the end of 2009.
Nokia logo
Old Nokia logos
The first picture shows the logo of Nokia, which was founded in 1865 and has been in use since 1871. The second picture shows the brand logo of the Finnish Rubber Works, which was founded in Helsinki in 1898, as the logo was used in 1965-1966. The third and fourth pictures show more modern Nokia logos. The arrow logo was the forerunner of the famous "Connecting People", which later became the company's motto. Nokia introduced its "Connecting People" advertising slogan in 1992. An interesting fact is that it was written in Times Roman SC (Small Caps). The modern Nokia logo has not undergone major changes, it has been used since 2006.
The first Nokia mobile phones
The technologies that preceded modern cellular mobile telephony were "0G" and were originally developed as mobile radiotelephone networks. Part of Nokia has been a manufacturer of commercial and some military mobile radio technology since 1960, although this part of the company was later sold. In 1966, Nokia and Salora began developing the ARP standard (which stands for Autoradiopuhelin, or car radio telephone from English), which was based on a car equipped with a mobile radiotelephone system. This became the first commercial public mobile phone network in Finland. It went live in 1971 and showed 100% coverage in 1978.
In 1979, as a result of the interaction between Nokia and Salora, Mobira was created. Mobira starts developing mobile phones for the NMT (Nordic Mobile Telephony) first generation network. In 1982, Mobira introduced its first car phone, the Mobira Senator for NMT-450 networks. Later, in 1984, Nokia bought Salora. The company name becomes Nokia-Mobira. At the same time Mobira Talkman is launched, one of the first portable phones in the world. In 1987, Nokia introduced one of the world's first portable phones, the Mobira Cityman 900 for NMT-900 networks (which offered better signal quality than the NMT-450). At the time, the 1982 Mobira Senator weighed 9.8kg, the Talkman just under 5kg, the Mobira Cityman weighed only 800g with battery and was priced at 24,000 FIM (that's about ?4560).
Despite the high price, the first cell phones were practically torn off by hands from sellers. Of course, the presence of such a phone spoke of the high status of the owner. This continued until the end of the 90s of the last century, when even low-income pensioners could afford a mobile phone. Nokia mobile phones made a big publicity for themselves in 1987, when Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev was pictured with a Mobira Cityman phone calling from Helsinki to a minister in Moscow. After that, the phone acquired the popular name "Hump". In 1988, Nokia-Mobira CEO Jorma Nieminen, along with two other employees of the mobile phone division, left the company, later founding their own, Benefon. A year later, Nokia-Mobira becomes Nokia Mobile Phones, making mobile phone development a top priority.
Nokia's involvement in GSM development
Nokia is one of the key developers of GSM (Global System Mobile). The second generation of mobile technologies that can carry data as well as voice traffic. In building NMT networks, Nokia gained valuable experience to participate in the development of GSM, which was adopted in 1987 as the new European standard for digital mobile technology.
Nokia introduced its first GSM networks to the Finnish operator Radiolinja in 1989. The world's first commercial GSM call was made on July 1, 1991 in Helsinki. In 1992, the first GSM phone, the Nokia 1011, was launched. The model number in this case refers to the launch date, November 10th. The Nokia 1011 has not yet used the original Nokia Tune ringtone. It was introduced as the main ringtone in 1994 along with the Nokia 2100 series phones.
GSM technology, high-quality voice calls, easy international roaming, and support for new services such as text messaging (SMS) laid the foundation for the global mobile phone boom. GSM networks came to dominate the world of mobile telephony in the 1990s, and by mid-2008 accounted for about three billion mobile phone subscribers worldwide, with over 700 mobile operators in 218 countries and territories.
Nokia personal computers and IT equipment
In the 1980s, Nokia produces a series of personal computers called MikroMikko. MikroMikko was Nokia's attempt to enter the computer business. The first model in the line, MikroMikko 1, was released on September 29, 1981. Around the same time as the first IBM computer. However, the personal computer division was later sold to the British ICL (International Computer Limited) in 1991, which later became part of Fujitsu. MikroMikko subsequently became a trademark of ICL and then of Fujitsu.
Nokia was also known for producing high quality CRT and early TFT LCD displays for large systems and professional applications. In 2000, this line of business was sold to ViewSonic. In addition to personal computers and displays, Nokia is also involved in the production of DSL modems and digital set-top boxes. On August 24, 2009, Nokia re-entered the PC market with the release of the Nokia Booklet 3G Mini Notebook. The novelty received an Intel Atom processor 1600 MHz, 10.1 inch, with a resolution of 1280x720, a widescreen display, 1 gigabyte of RAM and a hard drive with a capacity of 120 GB.
Modern Nokia mobile phones
In the mid-1990s, as mobile communications began to become ubiquitous around the world, Nokia almost immediately took the lead in the market. At the moment, she is one of the few who managed to keep her name to this day in the face of fierce competition in the emerging mobile device market. To date, there are about 250 models in the Nokia mobile phone line.
In 2003, Nokia launches its first 3G phone, the Nokia 6650 and the N-Gage series of gaming phones. In 2005, Nokia introduces a new generation of multimedia devices called the Nokia Nseries. The new word "Smartphones" is still strongly associated with Nokia N-series mobile devices. The key feature of all smartphones is a serious hardware stuffing and an operating system that greatly expands the functionality of phones. Now phones not only make calls, they also act as a small computer on which you can perform operations with documents, files, surf the Internet, edit music and video. Smartphones are more expensive than conventional phones, but they are quickly gaining popularity. In 2007, Nokia was recognized as the fifth most valuable brand in the world.
Alliance of Nokia and Microsoft
On February 11, 2011, Nokia CEO Stephen Elop announced a new strategic alliance with Microsoft and announced its intention to replace Symbian with Windows Phone 7. However, Nokia wants to keep Symbian for use in mid-range and low-end mobile devices. It will also invest in the Series 40 platform and continue its MeeGo OS project with Intel in 2011.
As part of the restructuring plan, Nokia plans to cut R&D spending and redirect all efforts to expanding and customizing the software for Windows Phone 7. The Ovi app store will be integrated into the Microsoft Marketplace. Following the announcement of the alliance, Nokia stock prices fell 14%, the biggest drop since July 2009. As Nokia is the world's largest mobile phone manufacturer, this alliance will make Microsoft's Windows Phone 7 operating system an even stronger competitor to Android and iOS.
Have you noticed that in the past year we have repeatedly thought about Nokia smartphones? And not in a retrospective format, but in connection with the release of new cool smartphones. All because the brand got a second wind.
Personally, I'm glad to see the Finnish legend again, because it touched so many of us. But what do you remember about Nokia? Ringtone yes "3310th"? It won't work, it's time to refresh your memory.
There were many facts in the history of Nokia that many do not know or have forgotten. Therefore, I have prepared a list below. It's time to remember 20 Legendary Facts related to the development of the Finnish brand.
1. The company was founded in the 19th century
The beginning of history is considered to be 1865, when the mining engineer Frederic Idestam founded a small paper mill. In 1871 it was renamed Nokia Ab.
It's the Nokia logo! No kidding.
2. Nokia used to make both slippers and toilet paper
In 1967, three companies merged: Finnish Rubber Works, Finnish Cable Works merged into Nokia Ab. Moreover, Nokia was the smallest, but it was profitable under the then legislation. The combined company had five main businesses: rubber products, cables, electronics, wood processing, and power generation.
3. They made personal computers
In the 1980s, Nokia Data's computer division was manufacturing the MikroMikko PC. It was a step towards the business PC market. The first model MikroMikko 1 was released on September 29, 1981, that is, around the time of the IBM PC.
One of the computer models of the MikroMikko series.
4. The first phones of the company were produced under the Mobira brand
In 1987, the company introduced the Mobira Cityman 900 phone, which could already be carried in the hand (weight was 760 grams). It was from this phone that Mikhail Gorbachev called the Minister of Communications in Moscow while in Finland. After this picture, many called the phone "Hump".
Check out the size of the Mobira phone.
5. The talk timer is not like everyone else
The talk timer on most Nokia phones turned on when you made a call, not when you started a conversation. Although smartphones with the S60 platform read the time as standard - when the interlocutor picked up the phone.
6. Nokian tires are Nokia's past
In 1988, Nokian Renkaat was spun off from the company, which since 1967 has been its "rubber" division. Since then, Nokian Renkaat has nothing to do with Nokia.
7. Nokia were co-investors with MGTS
In 1989, a joint venture with MGTS "AMT" was created, which was engaged in mobile communications, paging and maintenance of automatic telephone exchanges in Moscow. Subsequently, Nokia's share was sold to MGTS.
8. The first paid GSM phone call was made from Helsinki
In 1991, the first paid call was made on a GSM cell phone. By the way, the network itself was built on equipment manufactured by Nokia. The Prime Minister of Finland Harri Holkeri called from Helsinki.
The same call.
9. The famous slogan did not appear immediately
10. Nokia phones were so popular they couldn't keep up with shipping.
The frenzied global popularity of the Finnish brand in the world led to a major logistics crisis in the mid-1990s. The devices simply did not have time to ship, delivery times were moving - all this harmed the company's reputation. The timely replacement of the entire logistics infrastructure saved from failure.
11 Nokia Ringtones Made Musicians Popular
Standard ringtones included "The Village", "Stones" and "Close My Eyes". These are the songs of the American indie rock band Plain Jane Automobile, which became popular thanks to Nokia.
12. The melody in the famous ringtone was written in 1902
The universally recognizable ringtone is based on the old melody of the guitar work Gran Vals, written in 1902 by the Spanish musician Francisco Tarrega.
It appeared in 1994 in the Nokia 2100 series of phones, but received its name, "Nokia tune", only in 1998, when it became associated specifically with the phones of the Finnish brand.
13. SMS sound was chosen for a reason
The standard sound of Nokia phones (SMS message sound), which usually seems to the user as an unremarkable sound signal, is in fact a full-fledged message. Only transmitted using Morse code. Thus, the signal is nothing more than the abbreviation Short Message Service, written using the above cipher.
14. Melody Ascending is a cipher
The melody "Ascending" also has a message encrypted. It's still the same company slogan: "Connecting people".
15. Nokia has long been the largest phone manufacturer
By 1998, with a focus on telecommunications and an early investment in GSM, Nokia had become the largest mobile phone manufacturer in the world. The trend continued until 2007.
November 2007 Forbes calls Nokia the king of cell phones
16. Apple copied technologies from Nokia
In 2009, Nokia won a lawsuit with Apple for infringement of 10 patents, the developments of which were used in the first generation iPhone. In the end, Apple paid compensation to Nokia, and, judging by the recent patent agreement, still makes large contributions.
17. Nokia 3310 - legend
Nokia 3310 has become one of the most successful models in the history of Nokia. Over the past 17 years, more than 126 million copies have been sold.
18. Nokia devices have not been made at home for a long time
All production capacities of the mobile sector are concentrated exclusively in Asian countries. The last mobile phone rolled off the Finnish assembly line in 2012. Now all AA brands manufacture their products with the help of a workforce from Asia.
19. Microsoft bought Nokia for next to nothing
On September 3, 2013, Microsoft announced that it had acquired Nokia's mobile phone division and all related patents. The purchase price was extremely low for a corporation of this level - Nokia's business was valued at $ 5 billion, and patents cost another $ 2.18 billion.
20. The company released tablets several times
The last attempt was in 2014, despite the sale of the mobile division. Then the company introduced the Nokia N1 tablet.
Nokia N1 tablet.
Nokia is a Finnish giant known to us primarily due to its success in the phone market. Now Nokia specializes in smartphones running on the Windows Phone 8 platform and works closely with Microsoft. The once successful and unsurpassed leader in the phone market is now trying a new direction for itself - smartphones running modern operating systems for mobile devices - and has chosen Windows Phone 8 for itself. Whether Nokia copes with this difficult task or not - stay tuned.
Not only powerful flagships are represented on the modern market. Among users, there is still a high demand for devices with more modest characteristics and prices. The legendary brand managed to surprise the public by announcing a phone without a camera intended for the global market, the price of which is also pleasantly pleasing. However, the phone in question is intended, first of all, for those users who prefer the ability to charge the device as rarely as possible to numerous functions.
Nokia is going to return to the smartphone market after a year as a software giant. Finnish company, which, under the terms of an agreement with
