Greetings, dear friends. Today we will talk, as you understood from the title, about bitness Windows .
Not many computer users have heard that Windows has a certain bit depth - x32, x64 and x86 and even fewer users really know what it is, where to get it / change it and why it is needed. Even a number of myths are associated with these bit depths.
Having walked the other day on the Internet, I noticed an interesting thing - at least some intelligible information on this issue is quite small, which actually prompted me to write this article.
Introductory about the bitness of Windows
I'll start, perhaps, with the fact that the bit depths Windows to date, there are two so far: 32 -bit and 64 -bit, i.e. distributions are divided into x32 and x64 respectively. What up x86 is nothing more than a designation 32 -x bit version (i.e. if you see x86, then know what we are talking about x32). Why the two names are decidedly not clear, but know that if you not installed specially 64 -bit operating system, then your Windows It has 32 -x bit width.
However, just in case, you can look at the bit depth in the system in the simplest way: find the shortcut " My computer", click on it with the right mouse button and select the property item (the screenshot below is relevant for Windows 7, in case of Windows XP the window will be slightly different, but the meaning is the same):
Let's see what is the difference between distributions and bit depth Windows x32 from Windows x64 and is it worth switching to 64 -bit.
Note: not only the system, but also the programs (and drivers) have a bit depth, that is, there are 32 -bit and 64 -bit, and therefore, following the text below, can see and use either a limited amount of memory, or all.
Should I change the awl to soap and vice versa?
The main and almost the only difference x64 from x32 is that version x64 can handle memory up to 32 GB and run at the same time and 64 -bit, and 32 -bit applications, whereas traditional x32 able to address only to 4 GB memory, run only 32 -bit programs for which only 3 GB(to put it simply, even if the computer 4 GB(and more) memory, then 32 -bit system will display and work only with 3 -my, and the rest of the memory will simply be idle, because neither the system nor the programs will simply see it).
The version x64 the situation is different: for 32 -bit applications are all available 4 (and more) GB , and for 64 -bit applications generally all the RAM that is physically installed in the computer. I repeat that 64 -bit system can run both those and other applications, but not vice versa.
In general terms, like this. The rest is a bunch of technical and not very details, which, in general, do not really need to be known, and therefore I will simply give some results that will explain why it is worth \ not worth (you decide anyway) to go to x64.
Which bit Windows to choose and why
Go. All the pros and cons of the transition to bit depth Windows x64:
- 64 -bit version Windows, looks and feels formally the same as a regular 32 -bit, i.e. there are no special innovations and bonuses in it, however, people with multi-core processors can feel a performance increase when using such a system and 64 -bit applications in it (which, however, is not relevant for everyone and not always);
- x64 able to see and work with RAM 4 and more GB... But x32 only sees 3 GB, even if physically the RAM sticks are worth more. That is, people who have a large amount of memory in the computer will get more performance on 64 -bit system and less problems with a lack of RAM;
- Not for all computers and hardware in it, manufacturers have released 64 -bit versions of drivers, which can be a problem when migrating to such a system. Check the availability of drivers on the website of manufacturers of motherboards, video cards, etc., it is possible that you simply cannot migrate from 32 -discharge system;
- Majority x32 applications work great in x64 systems, but not vice versa;
- Formally, the meaning of the transition mainly lies in the amount of memory on board the computer. If less 4 GB, then there is almost no sense to go over. If more (or want to bet more), then it's worth it. Naturally, for most systems, applications and games, the rule "The more memory the better" is relevant. Why? Read in my article ""
- My opinion is unequivocal x64, because a large amount of memory and, sometimes, improved performance for multi-cores definitely rules.
Today I propose to discuss the advantages and disadvantages 64-bit OS, which is equipped with most modern computers with the operating system Windows 7.
Previously, 64-bit systems were the lot of professionals and were used for programs requiring huge resources. Home users got by with a 32-bit version of Windows. And although 64-bit processors appeared on the market already in 2003 (64-bit Windows XP appeared in 2005), the 64-bit system began to be installed on new computers only with the release of Windows 7.
So what is so good about 64-bit architecture? What benefits do we get and does it work faster? What problems will we, ordinary users, have to face?
On the screen, 32-bit and 64-bit versions of Windows 7 look exactly the same. The possibilities are identical, the programs are the same, however, the differences are significant!
1. Processing speed data is 2 times higher. A 64-bit processor is capable of processing 64 bits of data (8 bytes) in one clock cycle, in contrast to a 32-bit processor, which processes only 32 bits (4 bytes) per unit of time, that is, the data processing speed is 2 times higher! Accordingly, programs for 64-bit operating systems work much faster than similar programs running on 32-bit operating systems.
2. More RAM available. The 32-bit version of Windows only makes maximum use of 3.5 GB of memory and is not fully available to programs. For example, the operating system takes up 1 GB of memory, plus up to 1 GB can be reserved for video memory, leaving only 1.5 GB for programs. And if the programs are especially "gluttonous", there will not be enough memory.
64-bit versions of Windows do not have these problems. Windows 7 Home Premium uses a maximum of 16 GB of working memory, which means that Windows uses the paging file less often (it is used by the system to place data that does not fit in RAM), and the computer runs significantly faster.
64-bit computer requirements
1. Processor. As you may have guessed, one of the necessary conditions for work 64-bit OS Is a 64-bit processor architecture. Intel calls this technology EM64T, and one of the largest processor manufacturers AMD calls it AMD64.
2. RAM... 64-bit Windows requires at least 4 GB of RAM. And unlike 32-bit operating systems, 64-bit operating systems have no other special requirements for a computer's configuration.
To check the version of your operating system, click "Start" -> right-click on "Computer" and in the drop-down menu select "Properties" -> in the window that opens, on the right side, the version of your operating system is displayed.
Disadvantages of a 64-bit system
1. New drivers required... As you may have already guessed, new drivers are required for 64-bit Windows 7 (similar drivers are not suitable for a 32-bit operating system). The latest models of devices are already released with new drivers, but problems with obsolete modules can arise, since manufacturers do not develop drivers for 64-bit Windows. Be careful, before switching to 64-bit Windows, go to the websites of device manufacturers and check for 64-bit versions of drivers for your hardware.
2. Need more memory... It should be remembered that most 64-bit programs have a data structure size of 8 bytes (64 bits) and on hard disks they take about 10–20% more space than versions of 32-bit programs with a 4-byte structure. RAM consumption increases by about 15%
Is it possible to install 64-bit Windows 7 on a netbook?
With the introduction of the Pineview 64-bit processor family (N450 and up), netbooks have the ability to run 64-bit software. However, RAM can become a stumbling block. Most netbooks come with 1GB of storage. And even if you upgrade to 2 GB, it will barely reach the minimum requirements of 64-bit Windows 7. So, Friends, we are not talking about the effective use of a 64-bit system on netbooks (at least 4 GB of RAM is required ).
Is it possible to use 32-bit programs for a 64-bit OS?
64-bit Windows has a Windows-on-Windows 64-bit (WoW64) conversion subsystem that makes 32-bit software compatible with 64-bit OS. Most 32-bit programs run flawlessly with WoW64, however, there are some exceptions:
- Backup software... When creating backups, programs directly access Windows system folders, and WoW64 in some cases redirects 32-bit software access to other folders. Those. if you do not reconfigure the backup programs, then the result of their work may turn out to be incomplete and erroneous.
- Windows optimization programs... Programs created to optimize 32-bit Windows should by no means be used on 64-bit Windows 7; their work will cause much more harm than help.
- PC protection software... If you need excellent computer protection, then for 64-bit Windows use only 64-bit versions of antivirus programs. Old 32-bit software is not able to provide reliable protection and will miss virus attacks designed for a 64-bit OS.
- The speed of work. Outdated 32-bit software runs slower on 64-bit Windows than in native 32-bit environment. The reason for this is the extra time spent on transformations by the WoW64 subsystem.
To see what 32-bit programs work in a 64-bit system, just start the Task Manager (press the Ctrl + Shift + Esc keys) and find the programs marked with * 32.
So, Dear Friends, let's summarize
When switching to 64-bit Windows 7, there are several significant factors to consider.
1. Requirements for the complete set of the computer:
- 64-bit processor architecture;
- 4 GB of RAM.
2. Software Compatibility:
- availability of the necessary new drivers for your devices;
- availability of software updates to the latest 64-bit programs.
1. You can check the compatibility of the software of your devices with 64-bit OS in the "Windows 7 Compatibility Center".
2. When working with failures of a 32-bit program on a 64-bit system, updating the software to a new version, which can usually be found on the manufacturer's website, helps.
There are several basic concepts that distinguish operating systems with different bit depths:
1 64-bit version of Windows formally looks like the previous version. However, users with multi-core processors may notice a speed increase when working with new applications.
2 x32 - a system that only allows you to work with a maximum of four gigabytes of RAM. But x64 makes it possible to use larger volumes, up to 192 GB. It turns out that people who have more RAM installed simply get access to additional resources, which speeds up the work of individual programs and the entire system as a whole.
3 It is imperative to remember that not all manufacturers have tried to create drivers for 64-bit systems. And this can become a serious problem while the computer is running. It is best to search and download the necessary files on the equipment manufacturer's website before reinstalling the OS. Otherwise, many programs, and the equipment itself, will not work correctly, constantly creating problems.
4 At the same time, most of the most popular applications developed for x32 fully implement their functionality on x64, including drivers.
5 With a small amount of memory, 64-bit versions of Windows usually do not work well, with some programs "slowing down".
By and large, if the computer has four or less gigabytes of RAM, it makes no sense to upgrade to the new version.
Change of bit depth. Can this be done quickly?( )
After many users are familiar with the clear benefits of a 64-bit operating system, they want to know how to change Windows to a more convenient one. This is done relatively simply - you need to reinstall the entire shell by selecting the appropriate version. In the same way, there is a return to the previous version of the OS.
In order to install a 64-bit version of the OS on a computer that is already running Windows x32, you need to boot the workstation using an installation disk or flash drive with the system of the desired bit depth.
If you do not have an installation disc or flash drive, then you can download my free mini-course on
If the device cannot handle this type of shell, then a boot manager error message will appear. In addition, a window will pop up asking you to insert a 32-bit software disc.
Data Mover cannot move information between operating systems with different bit depths. Therefore, you first need to put all the files on the portable device.
Processor bitness( )
We have already found out that the choice of an operating system directly depends on two main parameters - the amount of RAM and the bit capacity of the processor. If the first one can be viewed on the "System" tab, then the second one is more difficult.
There are many programs in Windows, the most convenient and popular of which is CPU-Z... It is completely free and intuitive - even a beginner can figure it out.
After installation, launch the application and on the tab “ CPU"Looking for the field" Specification", Where the necessary information will be indicated.
Many users, installing Windows on their PC, often wonder: which version of the operating system to choose x64 or x86? And in general, what do these abbreviations mean? You may also come across these abbreviations when downloading various programs, which may also have two versions - for x64 and x86. If you are reading this article, then, most likely, you are also trying to figure out what's what.
The first thing we need to understand is that there are different types of processors with different architectures. Over the past 10 years, processors have been improved and developed. At first, they allowed working with 16-bit programs and operating systems (OS), then with 32-bit ones, and now with 64-bit ones. You will hardly find computers with support for 16-bit programs, and the latest new PCs are released almost all with a new architecture for 64-bit operating systems.
AMD was the pioneer in the development of 64-bit processors. It is for this reason that software developers generalize such processors by calling them amd64. This does not mean that a game with amd64 specifications will not run on 64-bit Intel processors. In this case, the usual generalization takes place, which has become firmly established in practice.
As for the abbreviations x64 and x86, they correspond to just different architectures - 64 and 32, respectively. For operating systems, these abbreviations stand for bit depth.
How to find out what type (bitness) of the operating system is on your computer now? To do this, hover over the "Computer" icon in Windows and right-click on it.
Select Properties from the context menu. A window with the characteristics of your computer and OS will open in front of you. You will see one of two options: 64-bit operating system or 32-bit. This information will allow you to understand which program (x64 or x86) you need to install.
The peculiarity of 64-bit programs is that they are very productive and, on the other hand, are memory-hungry. Putting a 64-bit operating system on a weak laptop with two gigabytes of RAM and a 32-bit processor is a mistake. It is also worth knowing that 32-bit systems and programs cannot use more than 3GB of RAM.
If you have a PC with 4 or more gigabytes of RAM, you can safely install 64-bit Windows and, accordingly, 64-bit programs. It is common for programs of this type to make the most of the available resources on the PC.
As you can see, the question "which is better: x86 or x64?" meaningless. Everything is decided by the configuration that your computer has.
To summarize, x86 stands for 32-bit operating system and 32-bit processor, while x64 stands for 64-bit operating system and 64-bit processor.
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Difference between 32 and 64 bit operating systems
When choosing a version of the Windows operating system, users usually think about a home or professional release. However, there is another important factor of difference - this is the bitness of the operating system in 32 or 64 bits.
You have probably heard something about the fact that there are different bit systems, that they have their own differences. But how do you understand them? Let's see where these designations come from and what they say.
What does the number of bits mean?
The bit architecture of a computer depends on the central processor. Currently, most PC processors are divided into these two options - 32 and 64 bits. A 64-bit processor is more efficient than its 32-bit version; it can process significantly more information per unit of time.
To understand the difference, you need to remember that for a computer, any information is a sequence of zeros and ones, i.e. binary code. One bit can store one of two possible variants - 0 or 1, in two bits - four variants of combinations of zeros and ones.
Likewise, a 32-bit system means there are 2 32-bit addresses or 4.294.967.296. At the same time, a 64-bit system is a two to the 64th power, that is, 18.446.744.073.709.551.616 cells for writing. In other words, about 4 million bytes (about 4 gigabytes) versus about 18 quintillion bytes (about 18 billion gigabytes).
How to choose the Windows version
If you are sure that your computer is using a 64-bit processor, you also need to install a 64-bit operating system. A 32-bit version of Windows will run on a 64-bit processor, but you won't be able to get the most out of your device. However, you cannot install a 64-bit operating system on a 32-bit processor. However, 64-bit Windows works well with programs written for 32-bit operating systems.
For the average user, there are two main differences between the versions of Windows. The main one is that a 32-bit OS can only use up to 4 gigabytes of RAM. So even if your PC has 16 gigabytes of RAM but 32-bit Windows is installed, only 4 gigabytes will be used. There is no such limitation for 64-bit OS. Unless there is a minimum threshold - at least 1 GB of RAM.
Another feature is the difference between the Program Files folder. In a 32-bit OS, all programs are installed in this directory. On 64-bit systems, there is an additional folder named Program Files (x86). This is due to the fact that programs for 32-bit architectures are written differently than for 64-bit ones.
At the same time, in the 64-bit version of Windows, 64-bit programs are sent to the Program Files folder, while 32-bit applications are sent to the directory strangely designated as x86. By the way, 64-bit systems are referred to as x64.
Previously, there were also 16-bit operating systems such as Windows 3.1. At the same time, programs of a similar order can still be run on 32-bit operating systems, but on 64-bit ones it will no longer work. Is that when using a special emulator of a 32-bit system.
Software bitness
When installing new programs, pay attention to their bit depth. Some manufacturers offer a choice of 32 and 64 bits, others develop only 32-bit versions, and someone automatically detects the version of your OS and installs the appropriate version in terms of bitness. In any case, if you have a 64-bit version of Windows installed, choose programs of a similar order when possible.
Often, the presence of a 64-bit program will not mean its better performance in comparison with the younger version, but at least it will affect its stability. Therefore, pay attention to the designations of software manufacturers, such as the words Version or Edition, before downloading the distribution kit from the official site.
Since the 32-bit version of the program works for everyone, developers often use it as a default solution. But we have found out that for a 64-bit OS it is better to use a more modern software solution.
How do I find out the OS version?
Having dealt with some of the peculiarities of 32-bit and 64-bit operating systems, let's find out where this designation is spelled out in the Windows installed with us. To do this, just go to the system properties using one of the available methods. For example, by the keyboard shortcut Win + Break. For Windows 8 and 10, you can right-click on the Start menu and select the "System" menu item.
Basic information about your computer is displayed here: the type of processor, the amount of RAM (installed or simply used, as is the case with 32-bit OS) and the version of Windows. In the "System" area in the "System type" column there is information about the bitness of both the operating system and the processor used.
The bitness of the processor and the operating system must match. Otherwise, you are advised to upgrade your operating system to 64-bit. However, you will not be able to upgrade a computer with a 32-bit processor to a 64-bit OS.
64-bit as standard
Slowly but surely, 64-bit computers are becoming the modern standard. If in the days of Windows XP all these stories confused even experienced users and caused problems for developers, then starting with Windows 7 the situation began to change.
4 gigabytes of RAM has long been sufficient for most purposes. In part, the development of processors has not kept pace with offering affordable 64-bit solutions to the general public. At the beginning of 2017, four gigabytes of RAM is still sufficient for work in a number of areas. However, 64-bit processors are becoming more available and 32-bit systems are gradually becoming obsolete.
This forces software developers to actively switch to 64-bit architecture, which is gradually becoming a standard. And since the ceiling in the limits of 64-bit systems is unlikely to be broken in the foreseeable future, this standard is coming for a long time.
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Undoubtedly, today it is difficult to find a PC user who would not be faced with the concept of "64-bit system". What it is, not everyone can clearly answer, although almost everyone has heard about it. Let's try to understand this issue and clarify the situation. As an example for further reasoning and comparison, let's take the popular Windows 7 64 and 32 bit OS. We will also see what is their difference, and touch on the burning issues of improving computer performance.
64-bit system: what is it in general terms?
Now, perhaps, we will not go into specific computer terms, but we will try to explain the understanding of the bit depth, so to speak, in a simple common human language.
What is bit depth in general? As already clear, it is expressed in bits, but this concept should be considered not only from the point of view of the system itself (Windows 7 64 bits, for example), but also taking into account the peripheral devices (roughly speaking, the "iron" filling of any computer). Thus, the simplest conclusion: bit depth is the number of bits that can be processed by such devices at the same time, provided that the system is also capable of sending such requests. Naturally, this is the simplest interpretation.
32-bit vs. 64-bit: What's the Difference?
To fully understand the difference between systems with different bit rates, it is necessary to make a small excursion into the history of the development of computer technology, in particular, processor chips.
At the dawn of evolution, all processors produced at that time had a capacity of 8 bits, that is, they could simultaneously process only 8 bits of information. The revolution took place when they were replaced by 32-bit chipsets, which, by the way, due to their versatility, are still used today. After quite a long time, processor chips with 64-bit architecture appeared, but this, as it turns out, is not the limit, because in the near future we are already promised the appearance of 128-bit processors and the OS created for them.
There is an interesting fact here. Previously, 32-bit systems were designated as "x32", then the abbreviation "x86" was adopted. Why and for what purpose this was done, no one knows for certain. Nevertheless, today you can easily compare, say, Windows 7 32-bit and a similar version of 64-bit. Outwardly, in terms of interface, they do not differ at all. But in terms of software, the difference is quite significant.
The fact is that 64-bit Windows systems have in their arsenal some components and capabilities that are not available in 32-bit versions. The simplest example is the universal Hyper-V hypervisor module, which is a virtual machine capable of installing child operating systems (even non-Windows ones), as well as testing hardware or software without affecting the main system.
But this is only one aspect. In fact, everything is much more complicated and more related to processors and RAM.
Processor support
As far as processor chips are concerned, naturally 64-bit devices are faster. However, you should pay attention to the fact that 64-bit Windows will simply not be installed on a computer with a processor that does not support this bit depth. Actually, this is one
from the points of system requirements.
But when using the x64 architecture, it is much more convenient to manage processors and their parameters. So, for example, you can easily use all the cores to speed up the processing of data and commands, or enable a virtual processing thread called Hyper Threading.
But here we come to one of the most painful questions concerning the volume of "RAM". The difference, for example, between Windows 7 32-bit and the x64 version immediately manifests itself in the fact that 32-bit systems do not support installing RAM with a volume exceeding 4 GB.
In other words, no matter how many planks you put there, they will not even be determined at the “iron” level. And it is this limitation that creates quite a lot of problems in the development and correct operation of resource-intensive programs and applications, when increased efficiency is required.
But the 64-bit version of Windows 7 (or any other system) can work with a fairly large amount of "RAM". For example, the version of Windows 7 Maximum "sees" up to 128 GB, Professional - up to 192 GB, although, in principle, it is believed that these restrictions are very conditional. And if you look into the near future, you can imagine how much "RAM" systems with a 128-bit architecture will be able to perceive.
You can see if the configuration supports 64-bit architecture through the Control Panel, where you select the section for counters and performance tools. Next, the menu for displaying and printing detailed results is used. This is where 64-bit support is indicated.
Performance issues
Now let's look at the bitness of the OS and compatibility with hardware on the other hand. Higher bit depth does not mean at all that on a certain configuration, even if it meets the minimum requirements, when installing a 64-bit OS, the performance will be better than when installing the same version, but with a 32-bit architecture.
It is not hard to guess that 64-bit systems consume more memory, both operational and virtual. Here's a simple explanation. Let's say we have a computer or laptop with 2 GB of "RAM" installed. The 64-bit "seven" itself consumes 768 MB on average (with the default settings). This includes 64-bit user applications and application programs. Depending on the complexity and resource intensity, the "consumed" volume can vary within a fairly wide range. But all the same, and so it is clear that the performance is reduced to almost zero. In this case, as a partial solution, you can use the installation of 32-bit applications on a 64-bit system, reducing the load on "RAM" and processor.
Versatility
So, we have a 64-bit system. What it is, I think, is already a little clear. Now let's move on to one more pressing issue related to the operation of applications and user programs.
Everything is simple here: you can install 32-bit applications on 64-bit systems (sometimes this can be a key factor in ensuring they work correctly), but, alas, you cannot install 64-bit programs into systems with an architecture.
But when using schemes for combining 32-bit programs and 64-bit systems, the increase in performance in relation to the application will be quite significant. In particular, this applies to multimedia. For example, when working with sound, ASIO4ALL (sometimes ASIO DX Full Duplex) drivers are often used, which are quite heavy in themselves, especially if the maximum buffer is used, corresponding to the total amount of RAM, however, expressed not in megabytes, but in samples. If a 64-bit plugin is installed, the load increases. But if you put the 32-bit version, the plug-in or program will just "fly". And this is far from the only example. Now we are not talking about games at all, they also have enough of their own "gadgets".
By the way, you don't have to go far to see which version of the OS is installed on your computer. A simple right click on a computer icon with a choice of properties menu will present the desired information.
Migrating from a 32-bit system to a 64-bit system
If we consider the transition from one architecture to another (from lower to higher), one should take into account the fact that Windows systems, for example, the same "seven" involves changing the file system from FAT32 to NTFS.
Roughly speaking, it won't fit on FAT32 at all. This will not affect user documents created in, say, office applications. The same applies to programs, but only on condition that the 64-bit system is put on top of the existing 32-bit system, but with the existing NTFS file system. As a rule, such a transition is carried out quite simply and painlessly. Otherwise, a reinstallation will be required with a change in the file system.
Reverse transition
But the reverse transition from 64-bit to 32-bit is impossible without changing the file system. In this case, you will have to completely format the partition into which the 32-bit version of the system will be installed. It goes without saying that such a process will entail the destruction of all existing data. Therefore, not to mention reinstalling programs and applications, before installation, you must copy important files and documents, either to another logical partition, or to an existing removable medium (flash drive, memory card, optical disk).
When is it worth installing a 64-bit OS?
The expediency of installing a 64-bit OS directly depends on the hardware configuration of a computer or laptop. Of course, you can install the same 64-bit "seven" on terminals that meet the minimum requirements (the appropriate type of 2-core processor, at least 2 GB of RAM and free disk space, depending on the version being installed).
Software issues
Until recently, for 64-bit systems, in general. Few have released drivers, let alone software products; today, almost all leading software developers are primarily focused on these systems. "Operating systems" with 32-bit architecture are slowly but surely becoming a thing of the past, although they are still quite popular (the same Windows XP SP3 or 32-bit "seven").
And if the 128-bit architecture appears in the coming years, it will be possible to completely forget about systems and processors that have the unfortunate 32 bits at their disposal. And these are not empty words, because, as you know, technical progress does not stand still, but moves, so to speak, by leaps and bounds.
Instead of an afterword
Here we briefly reviewed the topic "64-bit system: what is it?". Here, for better understanding, no emphasis was placed on computer vocabulary and terminology. However, based on all of the above, everyone can draw certain conclusions for themselves, in particular, it should be noted that the installation and use of a 64-bit system is not always justified on weak or minimal configurations.
Finally, it should be noted that updating a 64-bit system, in fact, is no different from the 32-bit version, only the service responsible for this process downloads and installs the necessary modules and components designed specifically for this architecture. And, as it is already clear, there is no visual difference between different versions, they appear only at the program level.
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64-bit system - what is it? Review, description, comparison
Today, without a doubt, it is already difficult to find a personal computer user who has never come across such a concept as a 64-bit operating system. However, not everyone can clearly answer what it is. Let's try to understand this issue and clarify the situation a little. For further reasoning, as an example, we will consider the popular operating system Windows 7 64 and 32 bits. Let's try to find out what is the difference between these operating systems, and also touch on important issues of improving computer performance.
What is a 64-bit system?
Today we will not go into specific computer terminology, but simply try to explain on our fingers what the bit is. What does this word even mean? As you probably already understood, the bit depth is expressed in bits, but this concept should be considered not only from the point of view of the operating system, but also taking into account the peripheral devices. In simple terms, the bit depth is the number of bits that can be processed simultaneously by such devices, provided that the system is able to send such requests.
This is, of course, the simplest interpretation of what 64-bit and 32-bit operating systems are. To fully understand the difference between systems with different bit rates, you need to make a small excursion into the history of the development of computer technology, or rather, processor chips. Previously, all manufactured processors were 8-bit. This means that they could process only 8 bits of information at a time. When they were replaced by 32-bit chipsets, a revolution took place.
Such chipsets are still used today due to their versatility. After quite a long time, processor chips with a 64-bit architecture appeared. It turns out that this is far from the limit. In the near future, we are already expecting chips with 128 - bit architecture, as well as operating systems created for them. One interesting fact should be noted right away. Previously, 32-bit systems were referred to as x32. Then the notation x86 was adopted. For what and for what purpose this was done, no one knows. However, today you can easily compare Windows 7 32-bit and a similar 64-bit version. In terms of the interface, they practically do not differ externally.
In terms of software, the difference is quite significant. The point is that the arsenal of 64-bit systems contains certain features and components that are not available in 32-bit versions. The simplest example is the generic Hyper-V hypervisor module, which is a virtual machine capable of installing child operating systems, even if they are not Windows. Also, this module allows you to test software. However, there is one rather significant aspect here. Everything is actually much more complicated and has more to do with RAM and processors.
Processor support
When it comes to processor chips, 64-bit devices offer better performance. Here you should pay attention to the fact that a 64-bit Windows system cannot even be installed on a computer whose processor does not support this bit depth. This is one of the mandatory system requirements. When using the x64 architecture, it is much more convenient to manage processors and their parameters. For example, you can simply use all cores to speed up command processing, or activate a virtual thread of processing called Hyper Threading.
Maximum RAM
Now let's come to one of the most painful questions, namely, the amount of RAM. The difference is that 32-bit operating systems do not support installing RAM that is larger than 4GB. In other words, no matter how many bars you put there, they will not be determined at the iron level. This limitation creates a lot of problems associated with the development and correct operation of resource-intensive programs and applications in cases where high efficiency is required. The 64-bit version of the Windows 7 operating system supports a fairly large amount of RAM.
So, for example, the maximum version of Windows 7 sees up to 128 GB, the professional version - up to 192 GB. Such restrictions are, in principle, considered conditional. Thinking about the future, it will be hard to imagine how much RAM 128-bit operating systems can handle. To see if the configuration supports 64-bit architecture, you can use the "Control Panel", where you need to select the section of counters and performance tools. The menu is then used to display and print detailed results. This is where 64-bit support comes in.
Performance issues
Let's look at the bitness of the operating system and its compatibility with iron components from the other side. It should be borne in mind that high bit depth does not at all guarantee that on a certain configuration, even if it meets the minimum requirements, when installing a 64-bit operating system, the performance will be better than when installing the same version, but with a 32-bit architecture. As you might guess, 64-bit systems consume more memory, both virtual and RAM.
There is a fairly simple explanation for this fact. Let's say you have a laptop or computer that has 2GB of RAM installed. 64-bit Windows 7, with the default settings, consumes an average of 768 MB. This also includes 64-bit applications and user applications. The eaten volume, depending on resource intensity and complexity, can vary within fairly large limits. However, and so it is clear that the system performance is reduced to almost zero. In this case, you can try installing 32-bit applications on a 64-bit system as a partial solution to the problem. This will reduce the load on the processor and RAM.
Versatility
So, let's consider a 64-bit operating system. It should already be a little clear what this means. Let's move on to consider another rather important issue, which is related to the operation of user programs and applications. Everything is quite simple here: you can install 32-bit applications on 64-bit systems, but you cannot install into 64-bit applications on a 32-bit OS. When using schemes for combining 32-bit programs and 64-bit systems, the performance gain in relation to the operation of the application can be quite significant. This applies in particular to multimedia. So, for example, when working with sound, ASIO4ALL drivers are often used, which themselves weigh quite a lot, especially if the maximum buffer is used, corresponding to the amount of RAM.
The load is seriously increased with the installation of a 64-bit plugin. If you install the 32-bit version, the plugin or program will work much faster. There are many such examples. Now we are not talking about games at all. There are enough of their own lotions. You don't have to look far to find out which version of the operating system is installed on your PC. All you need to do is right-click on the computer icon and select the properties menu, and you will get all the information you need.
Upgrading from 32-bit to 64-bit
If we consider the transition from one architecture to another, it is necessary to take into account the fact that in Windows operating systems, in the same Windows 7, the transition from the FAT32 file system to NTFS is assumed. It won't install on FAT32 at all. This will not affect user documents in any way. The same applies to programs, but only on the condition that the 64-bit operating system is installed on top of the existing 32-bit operating system, but with the existing NTFS file system. This transition is usually painless and easy. Otherwise, if the file system changes, reinstallation will be required.
Reverse transition
You cannot migrate from a 64-bit operating system to a 32-bit operating system without changing the file system. In this case, you will need to completely format the partition on which the 32-bit version of the operating system is installed. Such a process will, of course, entail the destruction of all available information. For this reason, before installation, the user will have to copy all important documents and files to removable media or other logical partition.
When is it better to install a 64-bit operating system?
The advisability of installing a 64-bit operating system depends directly on the hardware configuration of the laptop or computer. Naturally, you can install 64-bit Windows 7 on computer terminals that meet the minimum requirements. However, it is better to pay attention to the recommended parameters. Ideally, it would be a good idea to use an oversized configuration. It won't hurt.
Software
Until recently, few people released drivers for 64-bit operating systems, let alone application programs. Today, the leading software developers are primarily focused on just such systems. OS with 32-bit architecture is gradually becoming a thing of the past. In the coming years, a 128-bit architecture should appear. You can completely forget about processors and systems that have only the unfortunate 32-bits at their disposal. Technological progress does not stand still, but moves by leaps and bounds.
Conclusion
Now you know what 64-bit operating systems are. For better understanding, no emphasis was placed on computer terminology. Based on the material presented above, each user can draw certain conclusions for himself. I would like to note that the installation and use of 64-bit operating systems is not always justified on minimal and weak configurations. It's also worth noting that updating a 64-bit operating system is essentially no different from a 32-bit version. The service responsible for the execution of this process downloads and installs all the necessary components and modules that are designed specifically for this architecture.
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What is the bitness of the operating system? x86 and x64
Many computer users ask - "what is the bitness of the operating system, what does it affect?" and "how to determine the bit capacity of the operating system I have installed?" ... I will try to conduct a small educational program on this topic and answer the most common questions.
In simple terms, the bit capacity of the processor is its ability to work simultaneously with a certain number of data units (bits). For a 32-bit processor, this number is between 0 and 4294967295. In other words, a 32-bit processor cannot work with RAM larger than 4 Gigabytes.
For 64-bit processors, this number is much higher, so 64-bit operating systems can work with up to 32 GB of RAM.
Processor bit designation
Processors are currently divided into 32-bit and 64-bit. At the same time, in the designation of processor architectures, there are abbreviations x86 and x64. Be aware that x86 is a 32-bit processor and x64 is 64-bit.
Why is the processor 32 bit, and the architecture is called x86?
The name comes from Intel, whose early processor models ended in 86 and had a 32-bit architecture.
- 80386 (i386),
- 80486 (i486)
How to find out the bitness of the operating system?
To do this, right-click on the icon my computer and select the "Properties" menu that opens. From my own experience, I can say that if you have a Windows XP operating system, then 99% of the time it is 32-bit.
How to find out the bitness of the operating system If you have Windows 7 Starter installed, then it is also 32-bit (and there are simply no others). The bit type of other editions of Windows 7 or Windows 8 can be viewed in the "System Type" section.
What affects the bitness of the operating system
As I already said, the main thing for a home user is the amount of RAM installed in the computer. If you have less than 3GB of RAM, you shouldn't upgrade to a 64-bit OS. If the RAM is 4 GB or more, then the transition is desirable. PC performance should improve.
Wireless microphone how it works How to allow access to the microphone in VK
If you do not know what bit of the operating system is installed on your computer, then this article will discuss this.
Usually, users do not often ask such a question. Most often, you may need to know the bitness of the Windows operating system if you want to install any program, game or driver on your computer.
Starting from the Windows XP version, operating systems can have different types of bitness:
– 32-bit OS - x32(can be designated x86);
– 64-bit OS - x64.
The main feature of 64-bit operating systems is that they are capable of working with a large amount of RAM. Even if 4 GB of RAM is installed on your computer or laptop, then all running applications in 32-bit systems will use no more than 3 GB. Therefore, if you have 4 GB of RAM or more, it makes sense to install a 64-bit Windows operating system.
It should also be noted that if you download a program for a 64-bit OS, and you have a 32-bit one installed, then you will not be able to install it on your computer. In the event that everything is the other way around: downloaded for a 32-bit OS, and a 64-bit OS is installed, the program will be installed and will work.
Let's summarize. A 32-bit operating system does not use more than 3 GB of RAM, no matter how much is installed on the computer. And second, programs for 32-bit Windows operating systems will work fine in 64-bit ones, but not vice versa.
Now we turn to the main topic of the article, and consider, how to determine the bitness of the operating system Windows installed on your computer.
To find out the bitness of the Windows 7 operating system, on the Desktop, right-click on the "Computer" shortcut and select "Properties" from the drop-down menu.
If you do not have such a shortcut, go to the "Start" menu and click on the "Computer" button with the right mouse button. Go to "Properties".
A window will open in which you will see all the basic information about the computer. The "System Type" line will indicate the bitness of Windows.
If you need find out the bitness of the Windows 8 system, press the key combination "Ctrl + E", the "Computer" window will open. Click in it on an empty space with the right mouse button and go to "Properties".
There is another way to open the window with basic information about the system. Press "Ctrl + I" to open the side pop-up panel. Select on it "Computer Information".
In the "System" window in the "System type" field, the bit depth will be indicated.
An article about something is already on the site. By clicking on the link, you can familiarize yourself with it.
The fastest way to help you find out the bitness of the operating system is by pressing the Win + Pause key combination. It works in all mentioned Windows versions.
Now you know how to determine the bitness of the Windows 7, 8, 10 operating system and you will be able to choose the right software, applications and drivers that will correspond to it.
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